Dietary Polysaccharides as Modulators of the Gut Microbiota Ecosystem: An Update on Their Impact on Health

Álvarez‐Mercado, Ana I.; Plaza‐Díaz, Julio

doi:10.3390/nu14194116

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 139 publications

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“…Polysaccharides have been proved to contribute significantly to the metabolic abilities of gut microbiota, such as the production of SCFAs. Polysaccharides and the production of SCFAs by the gut microbiota have been reported to improve mucus secretion and increase tight-junction protein expression [ 72 , 73 ]. Metabolites produced by gut microbiota have also been shown to improve cognitive function through modulation of the brain–gut axis [ 74 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus-Derived Exopolysaccharide Attenuates D-Galactose-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Brain Injury and Modulates Gut Microbiota in a Mouse Model

et al. 2022

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This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of a novel exopolysaccharide EPSRam12, produced by Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Ram12, against D-galactose-induced brain injury and gut microbiota dysbiosis in mice. The findings demonstrate that EPSRam12 increases the level of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase, total antioxidant capacity, and the level of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, while decreasing malonaldehyde, nitric oxide, pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MCP-1, and the mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and the activation of nuclear factor-kappa-B in the brain tissues of D-galactose-treated mice. Further analyses reveal that EPSRam12 improves gut mucosal barrier function and increases the levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the intestine while restoring gut microbial diversity by enriching the abundance of SCFA-producing microbial genera Prevotella, Clostridium, Intestinimonas, and Acetatifactor while decreasing potential pathobionts including Helicobacter. These findings of antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects in the brain and ameliorative effects on epithelial integrity, SCFAs and microbiota in the gut, provide novel insights into the effect of EPSRam12 intervention on the gut–microbiome–brain axis and should facilitate prospective understanding of microbial exopolysaccharide for improved host health.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus-Derived Exopolysaccharide Attenuates D-Galactose-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Brain Injury and Modulates Gut Microbiota in a Mouse Model

et al. 2022

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“…On the other hand, we found that the number of subjects in the uric acid parameter changed significantly comparing pre-intervention and post-intervention. These results may be associated with the modulation exerted by inulin on the gut microbiome, which is capable of modulating uric acid levels [ 31 , 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Inulin Intervention on Metabolic Control and Methylation of INS and IRS1 Genes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

et al. 2022

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Background and Aims: Currently, treatments are being sought to improve the control of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and inulin has been shown to be effective in reducing glucose levels and other metabolic control parameters. These effects on metabolic control may be associated with changes in the epigenetic modulation of genes of the insulin pathway. Therefore, our objective is to determine the effect of agave inulin in metabolic control parameters and in INS and IRS1 genes’ methylation in T2DM patients. Methods: This was a longitudinal experimental study with 67 Mexican participants who received an intervention of inulin agave (10 g daily) for 2 months. The methylation of the INS and IRS1 genes was determined by MSP. Results: For the INS gene, we found a significant decrease in the proportions of T2DM patients with methylated DNA after inulin intervention (p = 0.0001). In contrast, the difference in the proportions of the unmethylated IRS1 gene before and after the inulin intervention was not significant (p = 0.79). On the other hand, we observed changes in the number of T2DM patients’ recommended categories for metabolic control depending on the methylation of INS and IRS1 genes before and after treatment with inulin. Conclusion: For the first time, we report the modification in the methylation of two genes, INS and IRS1, of the insulin pathway and provide information on the possible relevant role of epigenetics as a key factor in positive changes in metabolic control parameters by inulin intake in T2DM patients.

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“…This special issue includes eight papers, seven of them are original publications [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ], and one review [ 12 ]. Overall, these works highlight mechanisms involving changes in microbiota affected by polysaccharides as well as the evaluation of dietary polysaccharides–health links.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, the review included in this collection presents a summary of recent knowledge regarding how dietary polysaccharides affect gut microbiota composition and host health. The immunomodulatory properties of certain polysaccharides are crucial to the regulation of immune responses during the progression of certain diseases [ 12 ]. It is believed that polysaccharides may also have health benefits by modulating the gut microbiota, besides stimulating the growth of certain intestinal bacteria.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary Polysaccharides and Gut Microbiota Ecosystem

Álvarez‐Mercado

Plaza‐Díaz

2022

Nutrients

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Dietary Polysaccharides as Modulators of the Gut Microbiota Ecosystem: An Update on Their Impact on Health

Cited by 19 publications

References 139 publications

Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus-Derived Exopolysaccharide Attenuates D-Galactose-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Brain Injury and Modulates Gut Microbiota in a Mouse Model

Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus-Derived Exopolysaccharide Attenuates D-Galactose-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Brain Injury and Modulates Gut Microbiota in a Mouse Model

Effect of Inulin Intervention on Metabolic Control and Methylation of INS and IRS1 Genes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Dietary Polysaccharides and Gut Microbiota Ecosystem

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