Dietary phosphorus requirement of GIFT strain of Nile tilapiaOreochromis niloticusreared in freshwater

Abstract

A study was conducted to estimate the optimum requirement of dietary available phosphorus for GIFT strain of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Six purified diets were formulated to contain graded levels (0 (control diet), 2.9, 4.8, 7.6, 9.1 and 10.9 g kg À1 diet) of available phosphorus. Each diet was fed to triplicate groups of 12 fish with initial average weight (46.03 AE 2.14) g for 8 weeks. The results showed that fish fed the three lowest phosphorus diets (0, 2.9 and 4.8 g kg À1 ) had significantly lower weight gain rate, specific growth rate (SGR) and feed efficiency than those fed the other diets (P < 0.05). The survival rate of fish fed the control diet was significantly lower than that of the fish fed the other diets (P < 0.05). Whole body viscerosomatic index and crude lipid content decreased significantly with increasing dietary available phosphorus levels (P < 0.05), while the contents of crude ash, calcium, phosphorus in the whole body and vertebrae showed the opposite trend (P < 0.05). The blood chemistry analysis showed that dietary available phosphorus had significant effects on serum phosphorus concentration, enzyme activities of alkaline phosphatase and parathyroid hormone level. Quadratic curve analysis based on SGR indicated that the minimum dietary requirement of available phosphorus for maintaining optimal growth of tilapia was 8.6 g kg À1 .

Dietary Phosphorus Requirement of Fingerling Indian Major Carp, Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

“…Similar findings have also been observed by studies on red sea bream (Sakamoto and Yone 1978), spotted steed (Zhao et al 2008), catla (Sukumaran et al 2009), common carp (Takeuchi and Nakazoe 1981;Nwanna et al 2010), pejerry (Rocha et al 2014), GIFT strain of Nile tilapia (Yao et al 2014), and taimen (Wang et al 2017). However, increases in the dietary phosphorus led to decreases in the whole-body lipid of fish.…”

“…Jian, 5.2 g/kg (Xie et al 2011);and taimen, H. taimen, 4.34 g/kg (Wang et al 2017). In order to quantify a more appropriate and precise phosphorus requirement, response parameters such as phosphorus deposition in the whole body, scales, and vertebrae should also be considered (Vielma et al 2002;Zhang et al 2006;Nwanna et al 2010;Liang et al 2012;Antony Jesu Prabhu et al 2013;Yao et al 2014;Wang et al 2017). Paul et al (2006) reported optimal calcium and phosphorus requirements of rohu fry, L. rohita, as 1.9 and 7.5 g/kg of diet, which were based on growth and whole-body composition.…”

“…It is a fast-growing fish having a high consumer preference due to its admirable taste, good acceptability of formulated feeds, and attains a marketable weight of 800-1000 g within a year (Jhingran and Pullin 1988;Abidi and Khan 2010). Dietary phosphorus requirements for many commercially important fish species have been reviewed by Antony Jesu Prabhu et al (2013) and those of a number of fish species such as walking catfish, Clarias leather (Yu et al 2013); pejerry, Odontesthes bonariensis (Rocha et al 2014); large Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Schamber et al 2014); genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT) strain of Nile tilapia, O. niloticus (Yao et al 2014); far eastern catfish, Silurus asotus (Yoon et al 2015); taimen, Hucho taimen (Wang et al 2017); and tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum (Araujo et al 2017) have been reported. However, no information is available on the phosphorus requirement of fingerling L. rohita.…”

Effect of dietary phosphorus levels on growth and body composition of crucian carp, Carassius auratusunder indoor and outdoor experiments

“…Most studies on P requirement showed that dietary P level significantly influenced the growth, and the insufficient AP in the diet would suppress the normal growth of the fish (Kim et al 1998;Borlongan & Satoh 2001;Roy & Lall 2003;Mai et al 2006;Zhang et al 2006;Shao et al 2008;Sukumaran et al 2009;Luo et al 2010;Nwanna et al 2010;Xie et al 2011;Yuan et al 2011;Liang et al 2012;Yu et al 2013;Schamber et al 2014;Yao et al 2014). On the contrary, results of the present study showed that growth of fish fed on low-P diet did not differ from fish fed P-sufficient diets, which were consistent with the results observed in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Fontagne et al 2009), sea bass Latesc alcarifer (Chaimongkol & Boonyaratpalin 2001) and Atlantic salmon Salmo salar (Baeverfjord & Shearer 1998).…”

Digestão in vitro de proteína e fósforo utilizando enzimas digestivas espécie-específicas: potencial de desenvolvimento e aplicação para a aquicultura de espécies de peixes

“…The estimated requirement of total P for Nile tilapia may vary from 0.3 to 1.10% (FURUYA et al, 2008;NRC, 2011;QUINTERO-PINTO et al, 2011;YAO et al, 2014) and from 0.46 to 0.75% available P (QUINTERO-PINTO et al, 2011) -requirement being higher at initial stages and gradually reducing with fish growth and available P for maximum bone mineralization are higher than that for growth (QUINTERO-PINTO et al, 2011). P in aquaculture effluents is considered a significant source of eutrophication of freshwater ecosystems .…”