Dietary Phenolic Acids Act as Effective Antioxidants in Membrane Models and in Cultured Cells, Exhibiting Proapoptotic Effects in Leukaemia Cells

Abstract

<jats:p>Caffeic, syringic, and protocatechuic acids are phenolic acids derived directly from food intake or come from the gut metabolism of polyphenols. In this study, the antioxidant activity of these compounds was at first evaluated in membrane models, where caffeic acid behaved as a very effective chain-breaking antioxidant, whereas syringic and protocatechuic acids were only retardants of lipid peroxidation. However, all three compounds acted as good scavengers of reactive species in cultured cells subjected to exogenous oxidative stress produced by low level of H<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>. Many tumour cells are characterised by increased ROS levels compared with their noncancerous counterparts. Therefore, we investigated whether phenolic acids, at low concentrations, comparable to those present in human plasma, were able to decrease basal reactive species. Results show that phenolic acids reduced ROS in a leukaemia cell line (HEL), whereas no effect was observed in normal cells, such as HUVEC. The compounds exhibited no toxicity to normal cells while they decreased proliferation in leukaemia cells, inducing apoptosis. In the debate on optimal ROS-manipulating strategies in cancer therapy, our work in leukaemia cells supports the antioxidant ROS-depleting approach.</jats:p>

Management of reproduction and pregnancy complications in maternal obesity: Which role for dietary polyphenols?

“…Polyphenols may be classified into different groups on the basis of the number of phenol rings they contain and structural elements that bind these rings to one another. The main classes include phenolic acids [211,233], flavonoids [234][235][236][237][238][239][240][241][242], stilbenes [243], and lignans [244,245], ranging from simple molecules, such as phenolic acids, to highly polymerized compounds, such as proanthocyanidins [246][247][248][249].…”

Protocatechuic acid inhibits testicular and epididymal toxicity associated with methotrexate in rats

“…There is a growing scientific evidence signifying that the pharmacological activities of PCA are associated with the regulation of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis (Semaming, Pannengpetch, Chattipakorn, & Chattipakorn, ). Besides, PCA reportedly exhibits pro‐apoptotic effects in cancer cells whereas it elicits anti‐apoptotic effects in normal cells (Zambonin et al, ). Lately, chronic oral administration of PCA has been shown to be safe and boosted spermatogenic indices by inhibiting inflammation, mitigating oxidative stress and apoptosis both in normal and diabetic rats (Adedara et al, , ).…”

Neuroprotective effects of resveratrol on damages of mouse cortical neurons induced by β‐amyloid through activation of SIRT1/Akt1 pathway

“…H 2 DCFDA could diffuse across the neuronal membranes and enter into cells, where it is deacetylated by intracellular esterases to 2',7'‐dichlorodihydrofluorescin (DCFH), a nonfluorescent compound. DCFH could be oxidized by ROS to a highly green fluorescent 2',7'‐dichlorofluorescein (DCF), which fluorescent intensity is proportional to ROS generation . In the normal control group, only a few cells exhibited weak green fluorescence (Fig.…”