Dietary patterns are associated with child, maternal and household-level characteristics and overweight/obesity among young Samoan children

Choy, Courtney C; Wang, Dongqing; Baylin, Ana; Soti‐Ulberg, Christina; Naseri, Take; Reupena, Muagututia S.; Thompson, Avery A; Duckham, Rachel L.; Hawley, Nicola L.

doi:10.1017/s1368980017003913

Cited by 15 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The studies were all cross-sectional studies, with the exception of one case-control study. 70 The studies were conducted in nine different countries and the majority of studies were from Asian countries (Iran, 70 China, 61,65,66,69,71 and Lebanon 64,67 ), with four from American countries (Mexico, 58 Brazil, 60,63 and Colombia 62 ), two from European countries (Norway 57,59 ), one from Australia, 19 and one from Polynesia (Samoan island of Upolu 68 ).…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mean age among the study participants ranged from 1 to 19 years. Six studies were with children aged between 1 and 6 years, 58,61,62,65,69,70 five studies with children aged between 5 and 18 years, 19,60,67,68,71 two studies with children aged between 9 and 13 years, 57,59 and three studies with adolescents in the age group between 11 and 19 years. 63,64,66 Seven studies included >1000 participants.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The total sample from Asian countries was n = 22,263, 61,[64][65][66][67][69][70][71] the American countries was n = 19,145, 58,60,62,63 the European countries was n = 1351, 57,59 Australia was n = 288, 19 and was n = 305 from the Samoan island of Upolu. 68 The most popular used methods for deriving dietary patterns are PCA, FA, and CA. Of the 16 selected studies, 1 used CA, 58 7 used FA, 19,61,[64][65][66][67]71 and 8 used PCA.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the 16 selected studies, 1 used CA, 58 7 used FA, 19,61,[64][65][66][67]71 and 8 used PCA. 57,59,60,62,63,68,69,70 Using PCA or FA or CA to identify dietary patterns, the majority of the studies included in this review extracted two, 64,67-69,71 three, 19,60,63,65,66,70 or four patterns. 57,59,61 The cumulative proportion of the total variance in dietary intake explained by the patterns of these studies ranged from 16.36% 69 to 38.18%, 70 accounting for only a limited portion of the between-person variance in diet.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary Patterns and Childhood Obesity Risk: A Systematic Review

2020

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Background: Childhood overweight and obesity are recognized as predictors of the risk of obesity in adulthood. The aim of this systematic literature review was to determine the association between dietary pattern and obesity risk among children. Methods: Articles were selected from databases (Cochrane Library, Lilacs, Eric, Livivo, and PubMed/Medline), without limitations regarding language or date. Database-specific search terms included the key words ''obesity,'' ''diet,'' ''dietary pattern,'' ''childhood,'' ''children,'' ''adolescents,'' and relevant synonyms. The review included studies that reported the assessment of the dietary pattern in childhood and that correlated eating patterns with the obesity risk through cluster analysis (CA) and/or factor analysis and/or principal component analysis and presented odds ratios (ORs). The methodology of the selected studies was evaluated using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies. Owing to the heterogeneity among the assessments of the association of dietary patterns and obesity, the results are described narratively. Results: Using a selection process in two phases, 16 articles were included. Fifteen studies used a cross-sectional design, and one case-control study. The included studies showed variation in sample size (range = 232 to 10,187 children/adolescents) and age (range = 1-19 years old). The studies reported between two and five dietary patterns each. The OR for the relationship between the dietary pattern and the risk of childhood obesity ranged from OR = 1.02; confidence interval (95% CI) (0.91-1.15) to OR = 3.55; 95% CI (1.80-7.03). In this study, the dietary patterns identified by the studies were given different names. The food intake patterns identified could, in most factor or CA studies, be categorized as (1) potentially obesogenic foods that increased risk of becoming overweight (including fatty cheeses, sugary drinks, processed foods, fast food, candies, snacks, cakes, animal products, whole milk, and refined grains) or (2) food classified as healthy with the weakest association with the risk of becoming overweight or obese (including low levels of sugar and fat and high levels of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fish, nuts, legumes, and yogurt). Conclusion: Overall, the results indicated from most studies that a diet with a lower percentage of obesogenic foods should be effective in reducing the risk of developing obesity.

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Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary Patterns and Childhood Obesity Risk: A Systematic Review

2020

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“…Child dietary intake was measured by a 115‐item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) adapted for Samoan children. This tool was validated among Samoan adults and adapted for use among children in 2015 and 2017 (Choy, Wang, et al, ; DiBello et al, ). Mothers completed the FFQ for their child with the exception of one whose child gave responses while she supervised.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Piloting a food photo sorting activity in Samoa to assess maternal beliefs and their role in child diet

Tanawattanacharoen¹,

Choy

Anesi

et al. 2020

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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Eating habits begin forming early in life when parental beliefs and behaviours often play a major role in shaping dietary intake. We aimed to assess maternal beliefs about the cost, social status, and nutritional value of foods in Samoa—a setting with an alarming burden of childhood obesity—and to determine how those beliefs may be related to child dietary intake. Samoan mothers (n = 44) sorted photographs of 26 foods commonly consumed in children in Samoa by cost, social status, and nutritional value (healthfulness). Responses were then assessed for their association with child dietary intake (reported using a food frequency questionnaire) using Pearson correlations. Mothers indicated that traditional Samoan foods were healthier, of higher social status, and lower cost compared with non‐traditional/imported food items. Compared with nutritional experts and a market survey of food prices, mothers demonstrated strong nutritional (r = .87, 95% CI [0.68, 0.95], p < .001) and consumer (r = .84, 95% CI [0.68, 0.93], p < .001) knowledge. The perceived cost of food was more strongly associated (r = −.37, 95% CI [−0.66, 0.02], p = .06) with child dietary intake than either healthfulness or social status, with decreasing consumption reported with increasing food cost. Our findings contradicted the notion that the high social status of imported foods may be contributing to increased intake and rising prevalence of childhood obesity in this developing country setting. Despite their nutritional knowledge, Samoan mothers may need additional support in applying their knowledge/beliefs to provide a healthy child diet, including support for access to reasonably priced healthy foods.

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Soft drinks and sweeteners intake: Possible contribution to the development of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. Beneficial or detrimental action of alternative sweeteners?

Schiano

Grimaldi

Scognamiglio³

et al. 2021

Food Research International

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Dietary patterns are associated with child, maternal and household-level characteristics and overweight/obesity among young Samoan children

Abstract: Further longitudinal monitoring and evaluation of early childhood growth and development are needed to understand the influences of early diet on child health in Samoa.

Cited by 15 publications

References 46 publications

Dietary Patterns and Childhood Obesity Risk: A Systematic Review

Dietary Patterns and Childhood Obesity Risk: A Systematic Review

Piloting a food photo sorting activity in Samoa to assess maternal beliefs and their role in child diet

Soft drinks and sweeteners intake: Possible contribution to the development of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. Beneficial or detrimental action of alternative sweeteners?

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