Dietary patterns and oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Background/Objective:Dietary patterns, which represent a complex integration of food and nutrients, have been used to explore the association between dietary factors and the risk of oesophageal cancer. However, the association remains unclear. This systematic review was performed to evaluate the relationship between dietary patterns and oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) by pooling available data from existing studies.Methods:Pertinent articles published up to the end of 2013 were systematically searched and retrieved. The most common dietary patterns with high loadings of foods/nutrients were selected. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were derived by comparing the highest with the lowest categories of dietary pattern scores and by using a random-effect model. Heterogeneity was tested using I2 statistic.Results:From nine available case–control studies, in which smoking and other confounding factors were considered, three most common dietary patterns were selected: western pattern, healthy pattern, and drinker/alcohol pattern. Healthy pattern was significantly associated with a decreased risk of ESCC (OR=0.36, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.23, 0.49); drinker/alcohol pattern was related to a significantly increased risk (OR=2.34, 95% CI: 1.22, 3.45), while no significant association with western pattern was observed (OR=1.29, 95% CI: 0.83, 1.75).Conclusions:Based on available studies, though limited in number, this meta-analysis suggests that some dietary patterns may be associated with the risk of ESCC.

A Western Dietary Pattern Increases Prostate Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Similar to our results, in some meta-analysis it was found that the consumption of a Western dietary pattern was positively associated to an increment of cancer risk in the colon [43], colorectal and stomach [44,45]. On the other hand, no significant correlation was evidenced for breast [42], rectal and esophagus cancers [43,46]. The Western pattern identified in the present investigation, likewise reported in the above reported meta-analysis, is characterized by high consumption of red meat, processed meat, eggs and sweets.…”

“…Several systematic reviews and meta-analysis have recently reported the association between dietary patterns and risk of cancer in different sites such as breast [42], colon and rectum [43,44], stomach [45], esophagus and lung [46,47]. Similar to our results, in some meta-analysis it was found that the consumption of a Western dietary pattern was positively associated to an increment of cancer risk in the colon [43], colorectal and stomach [44,45].…”

“…Regarding the Healthy pattern, previous meta-analysis showed an evident and significant inverse correlation with cancer risk in all anatomic sites considered with the exclusion of the rectum [42][43][44][45][46][47]. In contrast, our data suggest a small reduction of PC risk (4%, when comparing the highest with the lowest intake categories) which was not statistically significant.…”

The incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer and its relationship with development in the world

“…Studies have shown that in countries with medium HDI, EC is one of the most common cancers . Indeed, EC is more common in less developed or developing countries due to smoking, alcohol consumption, nutritional status, environmental pollution and life style behavior (Keramatinia et al, 2016;Koca et al, 2015;Liu et al, 2014;Napier et al, 2014;Wang et al, 2015) -combine. HDI is moderate or low in areas with high rates of EC.…”

“…EC is one of the cancers that are strongly associated with social and economic status (Dar et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2015). Studies have shown that tobacco, weak nutrition and alcohol are most associated with EC, especially the SCC type (Lin et al, 2013;Liu et al, 2014;Salehi et al, 2013). Furthermore, low income populations have a higher chance of mortality from EC because they have less access to prevention and treatment services (Wang et al, 2013;Wei et al, 2015).…”