Dietary patterns and colorectal cancer risk: a meta-analysis

Abstract

The analysis of dietary patterns has recently drawn considerable attention as a method of investigating the association between the overall whole diet and the risk of colorectal cancer. However, the results have yielded conflicting findings. Here, we carried out a meta-analysis to identify the association between dietary patterns and the risk of colorectal cancer. A total of 40 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. The highest category of 'healthy' dietary pattern compared with the lowest category was apparently associated with a decreased risk for colorectal cancer [odds ratio (OR)=0.75; confidence interval (CI): 0.68-0.83; P<0.00001]. An increased risk of colorectal cancer was shown for the highest compared with the lowest category of a 'western-style' dietary pattern (OR=1.40; CI: 1.26-1.56; P<0.00001). There was an increased risk of colorectal cancer in the highest compared with the lowest category of 'alcohol-consumption' pattern (OR=1.44; CI: 1.13-1.82; P=0.003). The results of this meta-analysis indicate that a 'healthy' dietary pattern may decrease the risk of colorectal cancer, whereas 'western-style' and 'alcohol-consumption' patterns may increase the risk of colorectal cancer.

A Western Dietary Pattern Increases Prostate Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Several systematic reviews and meta-analysis have recently reported the association between dietary patterns and risk of cancer in different sites such as breast [42], colon and rectum [43,44], stomach [45], esophagus and lung [46,47]. Similar to our results, in some meta-analysis it was found that the consumption of a Western dietary pattern was positively associated to an increment of cancer risk in the colon [43], colorectal and stomach [44,45].…”

“…Similar to our results, in some meta-analysis it was found that the consumption of a Western dietary pattern was positively associated to an increment of cancer risk in the colon [43], colorectal and stomach [44,45]. On the other hand, no significant correlation was evidenced for breast [42], rectal and esophagus cancers [43,46].…”

“…Regarding the Healthy pattern, previous meta-analysis showed an evident and significant inverse correlation with cancer risk in all anatomic sites considered with the exclusion of the rectum [42][43][44][45][46][47]. In contrast, our data suggest a small reduction of PC risk (4%, when comparing the highest with the lowest intake categories) which was not statistically significant.…”

A Western Dietary Pattern Increases Prostate Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Several systematic reviews and meta-analyses have recently reported the association between dietary patterns and the risk of cancer in different sites; such as breast [42], colon and rectum [43,44], stomach [45], esophagus, and lung [46,47]. Similar to our results—in some of them, it was found that the consumption of a Western dietary pattern was positively associated to an increment of cancer risk in the colon [43] colorectal, and stomach [44,45].…”

Dietary Intake of Meat Cooking-Related Mutagens (HCAs) and Risk of Colorectal Adenoma and Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…The importance of the whole diet in the assessment of cancer risk is supported by several recent systematic review and meta-analysis which have considered the effects of dietary patterns instead of single components on CRC risk [80][81][82]. However, although dietary patterns representing a broader picture of food and nutrient consumption may be more predictive of disease risk, the meat type, the cooking methods and the meat doneness are further variables which vary between populations.…”