Dietary Patterns and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Meta-analysis

Abstract

Investigation of the relationship between dietary patterns and some chronic noncommunicable diseases has become appealing in nutritional epidemiology. Some studies have reported potential associations between dietary patterns and the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; however, the results remain conflicting. Thus, we conducted this meta-analysis to pool the results of studies to clarify the associations between dietary patterns and the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A literature search of MEDLINE and EBSCO databases was performed to identify relevant studies published from January 1990 up to June 2015. A total of 13 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. The highest category of healthy/prudent dietary patterns when compared with the lowest category was apparently associated with a decreased risk (OR = 0.55; CI: 0.46, 0.66; P < 0.0001). An increase in the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was shown for the highest compared with the lowest categories of "unhealthy/western-style" dietary patterns (OR = 2.12; CI: 1.64, 2.74; P < (0.0001). The results of this meta-analysis indicate that different dietary pattern may be associated with the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Relationship between dietary patterns and COPD: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Strengths of our review include the methodological rigour used to conduct this study compared to prior reviews on the topic. Although there has already been a review published on this topic by ZHENG et al [11], a strength of our review is that we were more stringent on the definition of COPD, requiring a physician, radiological and/or pulmonary function testing-based diagnosis, reducing the risk of misclassification and potential bias as a result. We additionally excluded studies that investigated oligonutrients or individual foods, which we did not consider to be dietary patterns.…”

“…This led to the exclusion of eight out of 13 studies included in the prior review due to their analysis of COPD in relation to vegetable/fruit intake (n=3), cured meat intake (n=2), fibre intake (n=2) or cured meat and vegetables/ fruit separately (n=1) [11,[54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61]. Only five of the studies were deemed to investigate true dietary patterns [11]. Another strength of our study is the rigorous search methodology used, in particular, our attempt to identify all potential studies for inclusion by our use of numerous databases and broad search terms.…”

“…A prior systematic review did investigate the association between dietary patterns and COPD [11]. However, this review was limited by a small number of studies, which required pooling prevalence with incidence and loosely defining dietary patterns to include several studies of specific foods [11]. A meta-analysis was conducted but interpretation was limited due to significant heterogeneity (I 2 >70%) amongst the studies.…”

“…A meta-analysis was conducted but interpretation was limited due to significant heterogeneity (I 2 >70%) amongst the studies. However, since then, several new studies have been published, possibly providing enough data for a meta-analysis [11]. Additionally, research has recently demonstrated the importance of dietary patterns on other relevant outcomes such as spirometric indices, and a review in this area has not yet been conducted [12].…”

Nuestros grandes olvidados, los enfermos respiratorios crónicos

“…Se desconoce cuál es la cantidad de lípidos más adecuada, así que se propone que la proporción de lípidos respecto a las calorías no proteicas ha de ser al menos del 35% pero no más del 65% (21)(22)(23). Se han desarrollado productos de nutrición enteral con alto contenido en grasas y bajo contenido en hidratos de carbono (50-55% grasas, alrededor del 30% hidratos de carbono y el resto proteínas), por las ventajas teóricas de un menor VCO 2 debido a la oxidación grasa (Tabla II).…”