Dietary patterns and breast density in the Minnesota Breast Cancer Family Study

Tseng, Marilyn; Vierkant, Robert A.; Kushi, Lawrence H.; Sellers, Thomas A.; Vachon, Celine M.

doi:10.1007/s10552-008-9109-x

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(47 reference statements)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…BD was inversely associated with consumption of diets higher in fruits, vegetables, and cereals, all of which may lower the overall ED of a diet, in an analysis of pre- and postmenopausal smokers 14 . A similar association was also observed in the subset of premenopausal women (including both smokers and non-smokers); however, it was only borderline significant (p=0.09) 14 . Fat and sugar both contribute to an increased overall dietary ED, and diets higher in fat and sugar were associated with increased %BD in a sample of both pre- and postmenopausal women 12 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Many studies have focused on the association between single nutrients and BD with only a small number evaluating the relationship between dietary patterns and BD in samples that included premenopausal women 12, 14 . BD was inversely associated with consumption of diets higher in fruits, vegetables, and cereals, all of which may lower the overall ED of a diet, in an analysis of pre- and postmenopausal smokers 14 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most research to date regarding dietary influences on breast density has focused on single foods or nutrients 7, 9–11 . Few studies have addressed the effects of overall diet on breast density, despite the fact that it may more aptly account for the complex interactions among foods consumed as components of diets 12–14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary Energy Density Is Positively Associated with Breast Density among Young Women

Jones¹,

Hartman²,

Klifa³

et al. 2015

Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics

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Background Breast density is an established predictor of breast cancer risk, and there is considerable interest in associations of modifiable lifestyle factors, such as diet, with breast density. Objective To determine if dietary energy density (ED) is associated with percent dense breast volume (%DBV) and absolute dense breast volume (ADBV) in young women. Design A cross-sectional analysis was conducted with women who participated in the Dietary Intervention Study in Children Follow-Up Study (DISC06). %DBV and ADBV were measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Diet was assessed by three 24-hour recalls. Dietary ED (kcal/g) was calculated using three methods: (1) food only, (2) food and caloric beverages, and (3) food and all beverages. Participants/setting 172 women (25–29 years) who were enrolled in the DISC06 study. Subjects who reported breast augmentation or reduction surgery or were pregnant or lactating within three months before breast density assessment were excluded. Main outcome measures ADBV and %DBV. Statistical analyses performed Multivariable linear mixed effects models were used. Final models were adjusted for race, smoking status, education, parity, duration of sex hormone use, whole body percent fat, childhood BMI z-score, and energy from beverages. Results After adjustment, each 1 kcal/g unit increase in food-only ED was associated with a 25.9% (95% confidence interval = 6.2 to 56.8%) increase in %DBV (p=0.01). Childhood BMI z-score modified the association between food-only ED and %DBV such that a significant positive association was observed only in women who were heavier as children. Food-only ED was not associated with ADBV in all women, but a borderline significant positive association was observed in women who had higher childhood BMI z-scores. Conclusions This is the first report to suggest a potential role for dietary ED in breast density; the effects of long-term exposure to high ED diets on breast cancer risk remain unknown.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Dietary Energy Density Is Positively Associated with Breast Density among Young Women

Jones¹,

Hartman²,

Klifa³

et al. 2015

Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics

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“…Among the 1286 women in the substudy, the fruit-vegetable-cereal pattern was associated with lower breast density in pre menopausal women and in current smokers compared with other diet patterns. Current smokers also demonstrated lower breast density in relation to intake of the salad-pasta-grain pattern [31], consistent with lower estrogen levels in smokers [32]. In a second ana lysis in this same cohort using a categorization of diet patterns as Mediterranean (vs other), smokers again demonstrated reduced breast density related to the Mediterranean dietary pattern, yet breast density was not associated with Mediterranean diet pattern overall [33].…”

Section: Dietary Patterns Definedmentioning

confidence: 55%

Dietary Patterns, Risk and Prognosis of Breast Cancer

Thomson

Thompson

2009

Future Oncol.

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Survival in women diagnosed with early-stage, invasive breast cancer has improved dramatically in the past 10-15 years. This is largely due to the use of pharmacological therapies targeting a reduction in estrogen action and exposure. Women diagnosed with breast cancer often alter their eating behavior towards healthier food choices in an attempt to improve their survival and their overall health and well being. Mounting interest in the role of diet to modify breast cancer survival and/or comorbidity and mortality has led researchers to evaluate the effects of differential dietary patterns on this disease. Current findings suggest a possible, but inconsistent, benefit of a prudent, vegetable-rich, low-fat/high-vegetable eating pattern on disease-free survival, but the results to date are limited by strong treatment effectiveness and low overall recurrence rates. It is more likely this prudent eating pattern will improve non-breast cancer mortality (e.g., cardiovascular disease) compared with a Western dietary pattern. Efforts to educate women diagnosed with breast cancer to consume a diet lower in total and saturated fat, higher in vegetables and fiber, and which results in mild to modest weight loss among overweight/obese women is sensible in light of the high survivability of breast cancer and need to direct attention to comorbidities that likely increase as a consequence of treatment and treatment-related weight gain and sedentary behavior. Additional research is needed to address the importance of diet in the breast cancer patient, particularly in relation to the effect of select dietary patterns on factors that influence individual recurrence risk (e.g., hormone levels, drug metabolism and oxidative stress), as well as factors that influence non-breast cancer morbidity risk and causes of death in the survivor population.

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