Dietary patterns: A Mediterranean diet score and its relation to clinical and biological markers of cardiovascular disease risk

Panagiotakos, Demosthenes B.; Pitsavos, Christos; Stefanadis, Christodoulos

doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2005.08.006

Cited by 771 publications

(672 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…A significant inverse association was found between MDP adherence and TC and LDL-C levels, but not HDL-C. These findings are in agreement with Newby et al and Panagiotakos et al, who found that TC was negatively correlated with the DQI revised and the MD score, respectively (29,35) ; and with Á lvarez-León et al, who found no association between MD scores and HDL-C in a Canarian population (34) . Furthermore, although Sofi et al observed no influence of adherence to the MD on blood lipid levels, the addition of lifestyle habits to the MD score resulted in a significant association between scores and TC, LDL-C and TAG (36) .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…and provide a more objective and complementary measure of dietary intake (27) . However, such biomarkers have not been used to describe dietary patterns until recently (25,(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36) . The M-DQI, applied in representative samples of the French (37) and the Croatian population (38) , has not yet been applied to a Spanish Mediterranean population.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Diet quality of a population sample from coastal north-east Spain evaluated by a Mediterranean adaptation of the Diet Quality Index (DQI)

Bondia‐Pons

Mayneris‐Perxachs

Serra-Majem

et al. 2009

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To assess the adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern in the population from a coastal region from north-east Spain and its relationship to diseases, applying the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (M-DQI) validated by the use of several biomarkers. Design: Cross-sectional nutrition survey. Setting: Population-based random sample derived from the Catalan Nutrition Survey. Subjects: A total of 621 healthy adults. Results: The Catalan representative sample presented a mean M-DQI score of 6?6 (SD 2?3, median 7, range 0-14). The percentage of adherence to the Mediterranean diet was 53 %; 10 % of subjects showed high adherence to the Mediterranean diet, while only 2 % were categorized as poorest adherence. The plasma fatty acid profile of the Catalan sample progressed with perfect regularity throughout the index ranges. Both EPA and DHA presented a significant correlation to the M-DQI (r 5 20?410 for EPA and 20?360 for DHA). A significant increase in palmitic, oleic and a-linolenic acids and a significant decrease in stearic, linoleic and arachidonic acids content were also observed. The mean values for the M-DQI according to the clinical characteristics of the Catalan sample were also calculated. Conclusions: The M-DQI has been demonstrated a suitable tool for assessment of an individual's nutritional status according to the Mediterranean dietary pattern and for clinical purposes. Although the current diet followed in Catalonia seems to agree with the main characteristics of the Mediterranean diet, the promotion of the Mediterranean pattern should be reinforced in the Catalan population, especially among young people.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet quality of a population sample from coastal north-east Spain evaluated by a Mediterranean adaptation of the Diet Quality Index (DQI)

Bondia‐Pons

Mayneris‐Perxachs

Serra-Majem

et al. 2009

Public Health Nutr.

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“…To date, several dietary indices have been developed in research settings (28)(29)(30)(31) . The vast majority of existing indices are considered inappropriate for preschool-aged children because they have been developed on the basis of dietary recommendation proposed for adults (i.e.…”

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confidence: 99%

Development of a diet–lifestyle quality index for young children and its relation to obesity: the Preschoolers Diet–Lifestyle Index

Μanios

Kourlaba

Grammatikaki

et al. 2010

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To develop an index that assesses the degree of adherence to existing diet-lifestyle recommendations for preschoolers (Preschoolers Diet-Lifestyle Index (PDL-Index)) and to investigate its association with obesity. Design: The PDL-Index was constructed using eleven components (i.e. questions regarding the frequency of consumption of selected foods/food groups, time spent on television watching and on moderate-to-vigorous physical activities). Setting: Scores from 0 to 4 were assigned to all components of the index. The PDL-Index total score ranged from 0 to 44. Higher values of the PDL-Index indicate greater adherence to dietary and lifestyle recommendations for preschoolers or otherwise greater adherence to healthier dietary-lifestyle patterns. Subjects: As a validation procedure, a sample of 2287 preschoolers from Greece (GENESIS study) was used. Results: The participants following healthier diet-lifestyle patterns (third tertile of PDL-Index) were less likely to be obese or overweight/obese compared to those following unhealthy diet-lifestyle patterns (first tertile of PDL-Index). It was observed that a 1/44 unit increase in the score of the PDL-Index was associated with approximately 5 % and 3 % lower odds of being obese and overweight/ obese, respectively. Statistically significant results were observed after adjusting for potential confounders. Conclusions: The suggested PDL-Index could help public health policy makers in identifying vulnerable population subgroups and developing cost-effective, targeted intervention actions both in family and preschool settings. In addition, health-care professionals can use the PDL-Index to evaluate diet quality, lifestyle and risk for overweight/obesity at an individual level and counsel parents accordingly.

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“…The most commonly used diet quality index was the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) developed by Trichopoulou et al [94], used in six studies [74,[76][77][78][79]84]. Three studies [82,85,86] assessed adherence to the MedDiet using dietary assessment tools developed in accordance with the MedDiet pyramid [95][96][97]. Bollwein et al [80] assessed dietary adherence using the alternate Mediterranean food (MED) score developed by Fung et al [98] which is an adaptation of the MDS developed by Trichopoulou et al [94] for application in non-Mediterranean populations.…”

Section: Adherence To the Mediterranean Diet Physical Frailty And Samentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, Tyrovolas et al [85] investigated determinants of healthy ageing including a range of socio-demographic characteristics, dietary habits, psychological and physical activity status, and their potential influence on body composition in n = 2663 community-dwelling older adults from 21 Mediterranean islands. To determine adherence to a MedDiet, the MedDietScore was used [95]. Adherence to a MedDiet was one of ten components used to establish a successful ageing index which was represented as the cumulative score of the ten components [85].…”

Section: Body Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediterranean Diet attenuates risk of frailty and sarcopenia: New insights and future directions

McClure

Villani

2017

JCSM Clinical Reports

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Sarcopenia and physical frailty are associated with progressive disability and predictive of negative health outcomes. Dietary interventions are considered the cornerstone in the management of sarcopenic symptomology and physical frailty. However few studies have investigated preventative strategies. Moreover, most studies have focused on the efficacy of individual nutrients or supplements rather than dietary patterns. The Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) is a dietary pattern that provides evidence for an association between diet quality, healthy ageing and disease prevention. The purpose of this paper was to examine, synthesise and develop a narrative review of the current literature, investigating the potential benefits associated with adherence to a MedDiet and attenuation of physical frailty and sarcopenic symptomology in older adults. We also explored the underlying mechanisms underpinning the potential benefits of the MedDiet on ameliorating physical frailty and sarcopenic symptomology. Synthesis of the reviewed literature is suggestive of a decreased risk of physical frailty and sarcopenic symptomology with greater adherence to a MedDiet. We identified the anti-inflammatory and high antioxidant components of the MedDiet as two potential biological mechanisms involved. Due to a lack of evidence from RCTs to support the proposed physiological mechanisms, we suggest investigating these observations in older adults with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) whom are vulnerable to physical frailty and disability. A number of biological mechanisms describing the pathway to disability in older adults with T2DM have been postulated with many of these mechanisms potentially mitigated with dietary interventions involving the MedDiet. Exploring these mechanisms with the use of well-designed, longer-term dietary intervention studies in older adults with an increased vulnerability to physical frailty and sarcopenia is warranted.

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Dietary patterns: A Mediterranean diet score and its relation to clinical and biological markers of cardiovascular disease risk

Cited by 771 publications

References 29 publications

Diet quality of a population sample from coastal north-east Spain evaluated by a Mediterranean adaptation of the Diet Quality Index (DQI)

Diet quality of a population sample from coastal north-east Spain evaluated by a Mediterranean adaptation of the Diet Quality Index (DQI)

Development of a diet–lifestyle quality index for young children and its relation to obesity: the Preschoolers Diet–Lifestyle Index

Mediterranean Diet attenuates risk of frailty and sarcopenia: New insights and future directions

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