Dietary pattern, dietary total antioxidant capacity, and dyslipidemia in Korean adults

Abstract

Background Abnormal diet is considered to be an important risk factor for dyslipidemia. However, so far, most studies have focused on the association between single factors only, such as specific nutrients, foods, or dietary patterns, and dyslipidemia risk. This study aimed to examine the association of the joint interaction between dietary pattern and dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) with dyslipidemia. Methods We performed a dietary pattern analysis and calculated the dietary TAC based on 24-h dietary recall (DR) data from Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2007–2012, which is representative population-based cross-sectional survey in Korea. A total of 29,624 participants aged over 19 years were included for the analysis. The number of people with hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypoHDL-cholesterolemia was 3703, 3513, and 9802, respectively. We examined the association between the joint classifications of dietary pattern score tertiles and dietary TAC level tertiles and dyslipidemia. Results Our results demonstrated that the “Rice & Kimchi” pattern was associated with low prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, and high prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia and hypoHDL-cholesterolemia; whereas the pattern of both “Oil, sweets, fish & other vegetables” and “Grain, bean, nuts, vegetables & fruits” were associated with low prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia. Also we demonstrated that for all dietary patterns except for the “Grain, bean, nuts, vegetables & fruits”, dietary TAC was inversely associated with hypertriglyceridemia. Conclusion This study provides basic data for the lipid-lowering effect of dietary TAC and its interaction with dietary patterns. Further study will be needed to investigate the association between dietary TAC and dietary patterns with other diseases like metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, or cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12937-019-0459-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Phenolic Profile of Nipa Palm Vinegar and Evaluation of Its Antilipidemic Activities

“…There are many risk factors for dyslipidemia including genetic factors, hormonal abnormalities, and lifestyle factors. A diet especially high in fat is believed to be one of the greatest risk factors for the development of dyslipidemia [ 23 ]. Normally, pancreatic lipase is a key enzyme that hydrolyses ester linkages of triglyceride [ 24 ].…”

The Relationship of Dietary Pattern and Genetic Risk Score with the Incidence of Dyslipidemia: 14-Year Follow-Up Cohort Study

“…In a cross-sectional study, the rice-oriented pattern was significantly increased prevalence of dyslipidemia in Korean adults men (OR = 1.58, p for trend = 0.0042, for hypertriglyceridemia, OR = 1.43, p for trend = 0.0015, for low HDL-cholesterol) and women (OR = 1.29, p for trend = 0.0020, for low HDL-cholesterol) using Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey [ 35 ]. Another cross-sectional study showed that “oil, sweet, fish and other vegetables” dietary pattern and “grain, bean, nuts, vegetables and fruits” dietary pattern were lower risk of hypertriglyceridemia prevalence (OR = 0.73, p < 0.001 and OR = 0.88, p = 0.009, respectively) [ 7 ]. The Taiwan cross-sectional study showed similar results to our study, the vegetable-fruits-seafood dietary pattern (high intake of vegetables, vegetables with oil or dressing, fruits, seafood, legumes, soy products, and rice or flour products) decreased hypercholesterolemia risk (OR = 0.89) and dairy-complex carbohydrate dietary pattern (high intake of dairy products, milk, root crops, jam or honey, and whole-grain) decreased hypertriglyceridemia (OR = 0.82) in young and middle-aged Taiwanese [ 8 ].…”

“…Vegetarian dietary patterns have beneficial effects on CVD [ 5 ], and adherence to healthy eating patterns have been associated with a lower risk of developing CVD in three large prospective cohort studies [ 6 ]. Additionally, several cross-sectional studies conducted to investigate an association between dietary patterns and dyslipidemia [ 7 , 8 , 9 ].…”

Associations of Dietary Intake with Cardiovascular Disease, Blood Pressure, and Lipid Profile in the Korean Population: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Ninety-six articles were additionally excluded because of the following reasons: inappropriate exposure and/or outcome (n=62), unrelated methodology (n=14), unrelated population (n=6), and overlapping study population (n=14). Therefore, 62 studies, 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 including 42 cross-sectional, 3 case-control, and 17 cohort studies, were finally included in the systematic review and meta-analysis ( Fig. 1 ).…”