Dietary myristic acid modifies the HDL-cholesterol concentration and liver scavenger receptor BI expression in the hamster

Loison, Carole; Mendy, F.; Sérougne, Colette; Lutton, C.

doi:10.1079/bjnbjn2002521

Cited by 31 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…From these studies, it has therefore been suggested that myristic acid may be the most hypercholesterolemic saturated FA, followed by lauric acid (C12:0) and palmitic acid (C16:0). More recently, nutritional studies analyzing the effect of physiological doses (1.0% to 2.5% of dietary energy) of myristic acid have shown no effect on plasma total cholesterol in rats (Rioux et al, 2005), or a non-significant increase that reflected an increase in HDL-cholesterol but not LDLcholesterol in hamsters (Loison et al, 2002). As recently described in healthy men and women (Tholstrup, 2006), our results suggest that a moderate consumption of dairy products does not increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases (Dabadie et al, 2005;Tholstrup et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Substitution of dietary oleic acid for myristic acid increases the tissue storage of α-linolenic acid and the concentration of docosahexaenoic acid in the brain, red blood cells and plasma in the rat

Rioux

Catheline

Beauchamp

et al. 2008

Animal

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Various strategies have been developed to increase the cellular level of (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids in animals and humans. In the present study, we investigated the effect of dietary myristic acid, which represents 9% to 12% of fatty acids in milk fat, on the storage of a-linolenic acid and its conversion to highly unsaturated (n-3) fatty acid derivatives. Five isocaloric diets were designed, containing equal amounts of a-linolenic acid (1.3% of dietary fatty acids, i.e. 0.3% of dietary energy) and linoleic acid (7.0% of fatty acids, i.e. 1.5% of energy). Myristic acid was supplied from traces to high levels (0%, 5%, 10%, 20% and 30% of fatty acids, i.e. 0% to 6.6% of energy). To keep the intake of total fat and other saturated fatty acids constant, substitution was made with decreasing levels of oleic acid (76.1% to 35.5% of fatty acids, i.e. 16.7% to 7.8% of energy) that is considered to be neutral in lipid metabolism. After 8 weeks, results on physiological parameters showed that total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol did not differ in the diets containing 0%, 5% and 10% myristic acid, but were significantly higher in the diet containing 30% myristic acid. In all the tissues, a significant increasing effect of the substitution of oleic acid for myristic acid was shown on the level of both a-linolenic and linoleic acids. Compared with the rats fed the diet containing no myristic acid, docosahexaenoic acid significantly increased in the brain and red blood cells of the rats fed the diet with 30% myristic acid and in the plasma of the rats fed the diet with 20% myristic acid. Arachidonic acid also increased in the brain of the rats fed the diet with 30% myristic acid. By measuring D6-desaturase activity, we found a significant increase in the liver of the rats fed the diet containing 10% of myristic acid but no effect at higher levels of myristic acid. These results suggest that an increase in dietary myristic acid may contribute in increasing significantly the tissue storage of a-linolenic acid and the overall bioavailability of (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids in the brain, red blood cells and plasma, and that mechanisms other than the single D6-desaturase activity are involved in this effect.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Substitution of dietary oleic acid for myristic acid increases the tissue storage of α-linolenic acid and the concentration of docosahexaenoic acid in the brain, red blood cells and plasma in the rat

Rioux

Catheline

Beauchamp

et al. 2008

Animal

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“…Consequently, HDL might be less capable to return cholesteryl esters to liver. Such an effect has been described in hamsters (Loison et al, 2002). The authors observed a negative correlation between the HDL-C concentration and the hepatic mass of scavenger receptor B1 (SR-B1), an HDL receptor, when animals were fed diets with increasing contents of myristic acid (from 0.6 up to 2.4% TEI).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Reduction of dietary saturated fatty acids correlates with increased plasma lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase activity in humans

Berard¹,

Dabadie

Palos-Pinto³

et al. 2004

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objective: Increased HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations have been associated with lower coronary heart disease risk. On the other hand, dietary fats are known to influence the fatty acid profile of plasma lipids, including phospholipids that are substrates of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), an important enzyme in HDL metabolism. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between the saturated fatty acid (SFA) intake and LCAT activity. Design: An interventional study was performed in a monk community of 25 men. Setting: A French monk community, South West of France. Subjects and interventions: The basal diet of the study cohort contained SFA in a proportion of 13.5% of their total energy intake (TEI). They were submitted to two experimental isocaloric diets containing either 8.4% of the TEI in SFA (diet A) or 11% (diet B), each lasting 5 weeks. Results: The elevation of SFA in diet B was mainly obtained by decreasing carbohydrates. The only significant difference among total fats between diets A and B was the myristic acid content (0.6 and 1.2% of TEI, respectively). The elevation in SFA in diet B resulted in a significant increase of HDL-C (Po0.04), while plasma apo A-I concentration and LCAT activity both decreased (Po0.02). Conclusion: Altogether, these results are consistent with a negative effect of SFA on reverse cholesterol transport.

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“…For example, gene expression for receptors is sensitive to the hamster strain and to the lipid composing the diet (Loison et al, 2002). The hamster strain used in this study is recognised as forming fatty streaks and to be more sensitive to HC diets (Dorfman et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Adverse effects of conjugated alpha-linolenic acids (CLnA) on lipoprotein profile on experimental atherosclerosis in hamsters

Plourde

Ledoux²,

Grégoire³

et al. 2007

Animal

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Conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) such as rumenic acid (RA) have the potential to alter blood lipid profiles in animals and in humans. In contrast, physiological effects of conjugated a-linolenic acids (CLnAs), which concomitantly are omega-3 and conjugated fatty acids, are still unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of CLnA to interfere in early steps of atherosclerosis by altering lipoprotein profiles and fatty streaks in the aortas. F 1 B hamsters were fed a control or one of the three hypercholesterolemic (HC) diets: HC-control, HC-RA (18:2 cis-9, trans-11) or HC-CLnA (CLnA: equimolar mixture of 18:3 cis-9, trans-11, cis-15 and cis-9, trans-13, cis-15) diet. In low-cholesterol control-fed hamsters, the proportion of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was around 45% while in HC-fed hamsters, HDL-C was around 10% and cholesterol was mostly (80%) carried by triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL). Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) triglycerides (TGs) increased by approximately 60% in hamsters fed either HC-RA or HC-CLnA compared with HC-controls but not compared with the low-cholesterol control diet. HDL cholesterol decreased by 24% and 16% in hamsters fed HC-RA and HC-CLnA, respectively. Small dense LDLcholesterol increased by approximately 60% in hamsters fed HC-RA and HC-CLnA compared with the HC-control group and by more than a 100% compared with hamsters on the control diet. The relative percentage of liver cholesteryl ester content increased by 88% in hamsters fed HC diets compared with the control diet. Significant differences in fatty streaks were observed between control and HC-diet-fed hamsters. However, no significant difference was observed among the HC-diet-fed hamsters. This study shows that animals fed any one of the HC diets developed an adverse lipoprotein profile compared with a normolipidic diet. Also, HC-RA or HC-CLnA diets altered lipoprotein profile compared with animals fed the HC-control diet but had no beneficial effects on atherosclerosis.

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Dietary myristic acid modifies the HDL-cholesterol concentration and liver scavenger receptor BI expression in the hamster

Cited by 31 publications

References 66 publications

Substitution of dietary oleic acid for myristic acid increases the tissue storage of α-linolenic acid and the concentration of docosahexaenoic acid in the brain, red blood cells and plasma in the rat

Substitution of dietary oleic acid for myristic acid increases the tissue storage of α-linolenic acid and the concentration of docosahexaenoic acid in the brain, red blood cells and plasma in the rat

Reduction of dietary saturated fatty acids correlates with increased plasma lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase activity in humans

Adverse effects of conjugated alpha-linolenic acids (CLnA) on lipoprotein profile on experimental atherosclerosis in hamsters

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