Dietary manipulations affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus I. Effects of dietary protein and energy levels

McGoogan, Bruce B.; Gatlin, Delbert M.

doi:10.1016/s0044-8486(99)00137-4

Cited by 143 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The lipid content (39% of dry weight) was higher than the values reported in previous studies, ranging from around 20% in the 1980s to 35% in recent years. Many studies have shown that the replacement of protein by lipid in feed resulted in an increase of digestible energy, and consequently an increased protein (N) retention efficiency, as well as a lower ammonia release rate (Johnsen et al 1993, Einen & Roem 1997, McGoogan & Gatlin 1999. Our re sults confirmed the protein sparing of using non-protein energy sources to meet energy requirements, resulting in a decreased release rate of DIN wastes.…”

Section: Release Rates Of C N and P Wastessupporting

confidence: 73%

Chemical composition and release rate of waste discharge from an Atlantic salmon farm with an evaluation of IMTA feasibility

Wang¹,

Andresen²,

Handå³

et al. 2013

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

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The carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) compositions of salmon feed, fish and faeces were studied at a salmon farm in Badstuvika (63°31' N, 9°9' E) in central Norway. These data were used to estimate the release rates of wastes from 2 salmon cages and the qualities of particulate wastes as food resources for integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA). About 38% of feed C, 43% of feed N and 24% of feed P were retained as fish biomass. About 62% of feed C, 57% of feed N and 76% of feed P were lost into the environment. Around 40% of feed C was respired as CO 2 , and 39% of feed N and 24% of feed P were excreted as dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus, respectively. About 19% of feed C, 15% of feed N and 44% of feed P were released as particles. The chemical composition of feed was independent of time (p > 0.05). The faecal C content increased with increasing fish weight (r 2 = 0.14, p < 0.05); however, other faecal chemical components showed no apparent relationships with fish weight (p > 0.05). Our results suggested that P digestibility of feed may be 30%, but more information is still needed to reach conclusions on this. The C content of faeces was 70% of that of feed and the N content of faeces was 50% of that of feed. The P content was far higher than that of feed. The lipid, docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid contents of faeces were comparable to those of some phytoplankton species. The results suggested that both feed and faeces are adequate food for blue mussels and sea cucumbers co-cultured with salmon, and the nutrient content may meet their nutritional requirements.

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Section: Release Rates Of C N and P Wastessupporting

confidence: 73%

Chemical composition and release rate of waste discharge from an Atlantic salmon farm with an evaluation of IMTA feasibility

Wang¹,

Andresen²,

Handå³

et al. 2013

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

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“…Phillips (1972) found that increase in weight gain/ growth rate up to a certain energy level and decreasing thereafter may be the result of an increase in the energy requirement of fish to get rid of excess toxic nitrogenous waste production due to increased rate of amino acid breakdown as temperature increases. Similar results were also found in studies carried out in other fishes like Channa striata fingerling (Samantaray and Mohanty 1997); black catfish, Rhamdia quelen, fingerlings (Meyer and Fracalossi 2004;Salhi et al2004), red drum (McGoogan and Gatlin 1999). A positive relationship between energy requirement and the temperature was found by several researcher, i.e., as water temperature increases, the energy requirement of fish also increases within an optimum temperature range of water and decreases there after (Jobling 1994;De Silva and Anderson 1995;Bailey and Alanärä 2006,Person-Le Ruyet et al 2006, Katersky and Carter 2007, which very well supports our finding.The possible reason for increased energy requirement at high temperature is due to the increased metabolic rate (Katersky and Carter 2007).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

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Ranjan¹,

Jain²,

Srivastava³

et al. 2018

Turk. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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A 60-days feeding trial was conducted to study the dietary energy requirement of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage1878) juveniles reared either at ambient (24.5°C) or higher temperature (32°C) and fed with one of the four diets having dietary energy content of 342 Kcal. 100 g -1 (T1), 379 Kcal. 100 g -1 (T2), 428.5 Kcal. 100 g -1 (T3) and 448.6 Kcal. 100 g -1 (T4). Juveniles of P. hypophthalmus with amean weight 4.27±0.12 to 4.40±0.10 g was stocked in 24 uniform size plastic rectangular tanks in triplicates with 10 fish per tank following a 2x4 factorial design. Growth performance and nutrient utilization of P. hypophthalmus were higher at the dietary energy content of 428.5 Kcal. 100 g -1 (T3) at both the temperatures. The body composition of P. hypophthalmus did not differ significantly (P>0.05) as the energy content of the diet increase. However, the tissue lipid content was significantly varied (P<0.05) at different temperature and energy levels. Based on the second order polynomial regression equation the dietary energy requirement of P. hypophthalmus was recorded to be 410 Kcal. 100 g -1 and 402.5 Kcal. 100 g -1 at 32°C and at ambient temperature(24.5°C), respectively.

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“…At the same time, dietary protein and energy levels may affect the feeding intake in fish. Daily feed intake may decrease as fish generally have been eaten to meet an energy requirement (McGoogan and Gatlin, 1999). Researcher (Boujard and Médale, 1994) found that juvenile rainbow trout had lower intake when fed higher energy diets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival, Growth, Feed Efficiency and Carcass Composition of Rabbitfish, Siganus Rivulatus, Fed Different Dietary Energy and Feeding Levels

El-Dakar

Hassanen

Shalaby

et al. 2010

Mediterranean Aquaculture Journal

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A feeding trial was conducted to study the effects of dietary energy level and feeding level or daily energy density (DED) on growth, feed conversion, nutrient retention efficiencies, carcass composition, apparent nutrient digestibility and cost benefit analysis for fingerling of rabbitfish, Siganous rivulatus. Twelve net cages, each with dimensions of 1x1x0.4m were stocked with 10 fingerlings (10g/fish initial weight). The fish were fed three isonutrogenous diets (25% CP), with varying three oil supplement (0,5 and 10%), and digestible energy levels (3882, 4056 and 4360 kcal/kg diet), at of 2 and 4% body weight/day (BW/d), corresponding six daily energy densities based on calorie per 1g BW of fish per day. Fish were fed the experimental diets three times daily, six days a week for 98 days. Fish were weighed every two week intervals and feed amounts were adjusted on the basis of the new fish weight. Final body weight, gain and specific growth level (SGR) were increased with an increase in dietary energy level at 2% feeding level but no trends were evident at 4% feeding level. Feed conversion (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), productive protein value (PPV%) and energy retention (ER%) were higher when fish were fed at 2% than 4% feeding level. Furthermore, increasing daily energy density resulted in an increase in SGR until level of 162.4cal/g BW of fish. However the differences in SGR above 155.2cal/g BW were not significant (P >0.05). There are a positive effect between energy density and SGR (y= 0.099x+0.5, r 2 = 0.88). Fat content of carcass increased by increasing both energy and feeding levels while protein content did not affected.

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Dietary manipulations affecting growth and nitrogenous waste production of red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus I. Effects of dietary protein and energy levels

Cited by 143 publications

References 25 publications

Chemical composition and release rate of waste discharge from an Atlantic salmon farm with an evaluation of IMTA feasibility

Chemical composition and release rate of waste discharge from an Atlantic salmon farm with an evaluation of IMTA feasibility

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Survival, Growth, Feed Efficiency and Carcass Composition of Rabbitfish, Siganus Rivulatus, Fed Different Dietary Energy and Feeding Levels

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