Dietary magnesium deficiency alters gut microbiota and leads to depressive-like behaviour

Winther, Gudrun; Jørgensen, B.M.; Elfving, Betina; Nielsen, Dennis Sandris; Kihl, Pernille; Lund, Sten; Sørensen, Dorte Bratbo; Wegener, Gregers

doi:10.1017/neu.2015.7

Cited by 74 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…Recent scientific reports have suggested that gut microbes affect many metabolic processes of the host, including its mineral metabolism. The microbiota is involved in the metabolism of calcium, iron, magnesium, selenium, copper, zinc and silver . Both in vitro and animal investigational models are in use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between the gut microbiota and mineral metabolism

2017

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The aim of this review is to present the most recent scientific evidence of interactions between the intestinal microbiota and minerals, and the effect of this interaction on the health of the host. The Web of Science database from the years 2013-2017 on this topic was reviewed. Numerous in vitro studies have shown that iron significantly affects the intestinal microbiota. However, Bifidobacteriaceae are capable of binding iron in the large intestine, thereby limiting the formation of free radicals synthesized in the presence of iron, and thus reducing the risk of colorectal cancer. Animal studies have revealed that supplementation with probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics has a significant effect on bone calcium, phosphate and bone metabolism. The dynamic interaction between microbiota and zinc was shown. Human studies have provided evidence of the influence of probiotic bacteria on parathormone, calcium and phosphate levels and thus on bone resorption. Recent studies have produced new information mainly on the impact of the intestinal bacteria on the metabolism of calcium and iron. From a scientific perspective, the most urgent fields that remain to be investigated are the identification of all human gut microbes and new therapies targeting the interaction between intestinal bacteria and minerals. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between the gut microbiota and mineral metabolism

2017

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“…Low levels of serum Mg 2+ have been suggested to play a role in the biological dysregulation contributing to depression. Experimentally induced Mg 2+ deficiency resulted in depression-like behavior in mice [4], and a recently study suggested that an antidepressant-like activity of Mg 2+ in an animal model of anhedonia for the first time [5]. In addition, a growing body of evidence indicated an inverse relationship between Mg 2+ intake and the risk of stroke [6-9].…”

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confidence: 99%

Association between Serum Magnesium Levels and Depression in Stroke Patients

Zhao

Luan

et al. 2016

Aging and disease

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Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a common psychiatric complication of stroke that is associated with a poor outcome in stroke patients. Our aim was to assess the association between the serum magnesium levels and the presence of PSD in Chinese patients. Two hundred nine stroke patients were included in the study. Depressive symptoms were measured by the 17-Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression at 3 months after stroke. Based on the depressive symptoms, diagnoses of depression were made in line with the DSM-IV criteria for PSD. Serum magnesium levels were evaluated using the dimethyl aniline blue colorimetric method at admission. Multivariate analyses were conducted using logistic regression models. Further, 120 normal subjects were recruited, and their serum magnesium levels were also measured as control. At 3 months, fifty-nine patients (28.2%) were diagnosed as PSD. The serum magnesium levels were significantly lower in both PSD patients and non-PSD patients than in normal subjects (p < 0.001). Indeed, patients with PSD showed lower serum magnesium levels (p < 0.001) than did non-PSD patients at admission. In the multivariate analyses, after adjusting for potential variables, we found that an increased risk of PSD was associated with serum magnesium levels ≤ 0.84mmol/L (OR 2.614, 95% CI 1.178-5.798, p=0.018). Low serum magnesium levels at admission were found to be associated with the presence of PSD at 3 months after stroke.

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“…A diet deficient in Mg, increased depressive-like behaviour and altered the gut microbiota, which suggested that magnesium deficiency could be a mediator of the behavioural effects through an altered gut microbiota [61]. Interestingly, a significant correlation was found between the gut microbiota of the diet deficient in Mg and a decrease in hippocampal IL-6 levels, suggesting that this immunemodulation could be the mechanism by which diet induced changes in the gut microbiota composition alter behaviour [61]. A similar study found that a diet deficient in Mg decreased bacterial diversity and altered anxiety-like behaviour [62].…”

Section: Dietary Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food for thought: The role of nutrition in the microbiota-gut–brain axis

Oriach¹,

Robertson²,

Stanton³

et al. 2016

Clinical Nutrition Experimental

192

107

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Recent research has provided strong evidence for the role of the commensal gut microbiota in brain function and behaviour. Many potential pathways are involved in this bidirectional communication between the gut microbiota and the brain such as immune mechanisms, the vagus nerve and microbial neurometabolite production. Dysbiosis of gut microbial function has been associated with behavioural and neurophysical deficits, therefore research focused on developing novel therapeutic strategies to treat psychiatric disorders by targeting the gut microbiota is rapidly growing. Numerous factors can influence the gut microbiota composition such as health status, mode of birth delivery and genetics, but diet is considered among the most crucial factors impacting on the human gut microbiota from infancy to old age. Thus, dietary interventions may have the potential to modulate psychiatric symptoms associated with gutebrain axis dysfunction. Further clinical and in vivo studies are needed to better understand the mechanisms underlying the link between nutrition, gut microbiota and control of behaviour and mental health.

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Dietary magnesium deficiency alters gut microbiota and leads to depressive-like behaviour

Cited by 74 publications

References 50 publications

Association between the gut microbiota and mineral metabolism

Association between the gut microbiota and mineral metabolism

Association between Serum Magnesium Levels and Depression in Stroke Patients

Food for thought: The role of nutrition in the microbiota-gut–brain axis

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