Dietary Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Supplementation Improves the Mucosal Barrier Function in the Intestine of Weaned Piglets Challenged by Porcine Rotavirus

Mao, Xiangbing; Gu, Changsong; Hu, Haiyan; Tang, Jun; Chen, Shuai; Yu, Bing; He, Jun; Yu, Jie; Luo, Junqiu; Tian, Gang

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0146312

Cited by 85 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…ETEC decreased transepithelial resistance (TEER) and increased IL-8 expression, and this effect could be prevented by both pre-incubation and simultaneous addition with E. faecium for up to 4 h Lodemann et al 2015). Similarly, another E. faecium strain (HDRsEf1), as well as its cell-free supernatant, could attenuate ETEC K88-induced IL-8 secretion and TEER decrease in IPEC-J2 cells (Tian et al 2016).…”

Section: Probiotics Used In Pig Intestinal Cells Challenged With Etecmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several L. reuteri strains have been used in pig trials, in particular, the I5007 strain has been shown to have beneficial effects on performance and growth, prevention of diarrhea, altered gut microbiota, and immunomodulation (reviewed by Hou et al 2015). Finally, LGG supplementation could alleviate the diarrhea in RV-challenged weaned piglets through inhibition of virus multiplication, as well as improvement of intestinal mucosal barrier function and of intestinal microbiota composition (Mao et al 2016). …”

Section: Prevention Of Diarrheamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immunomodulating effects of probiotics for microbiota modulation, gut health and disease resistance in pigs

Roselli

Pieper

Rogel–Gaillard

et al. 2017

Animal Feed Science and Technology

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General rightsThis document is made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the reference above. Full terms of use are available: http://www.bristol.ac.uk/pure/about/ebr-terms HIGHLIGHTS-Updated literature overview about probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics on pig gut health is provided -Both in vivo studies performed in pigs and in vitro studies conducted in pig intestinal cell lines are described -A critical outcome of the described results is provided -The concept of "proxy measurements" for pig gut health is widely discussed -The link between gut microbiota and mucsal immune system is described Abstract:Probiotics are live microorganisms that can confer a health benefit on the host, and amongst various mechanisms probiotics are believed to exert their effects by production of antimicrobial substances, competition with pathogens for adhesion sites and nutrients, enhancement of mucosal barrier integrity and immune modulation. Through these activities probiotics can support three core benefits for the host: supporting a healthy gut microbiota, a healthy digestive tract and a healthy immune system. More recently, the concept of combining probiotics and prebiotics, i.e. synbiotics, for the beneficial effect on gut health of pigs has attracted major interest, and examples of probiotic and prebiotic benefits for pigs are pathogen inhibition and immunomodulation. Yet, it remains to be defined in pigs, what exactly is a healthy gut. Because of the high level of variability in growth and feed conversion between individual pigs in commercial production systems, measuring the impact of probiotics on gut health defined by improvements in overall productivity requires large experiments. For this reason, many studies have concentrated on measuring the effects of the feed additives on proxies of gut health including many immunological measures, in more controlled experiments. With the major focus of studying the balance between gut microbiology, immunology and physiology, and the potential for prevention of intestinal disorders in pigs, we therefore performed a literature review of the immunomodulatory effects of probiotics, either alone or in combination with prebiotics, based on in vivo, in vitro and ex vivo porcine experiments. A 3 consistent number of studies showed the potential capacity in terms of immunomodulatory activities of these feed additives in pigs, but contrasting results can also be obtained from the literature.Reasons for this are not clear but could be related to differences with respect to the probiotic strain used, experimental settings, diets, initial microbiota colonization, administration route, time and frequency of administration of the probiotic strain and sampling for analysis. Hence, the use of proxy measurements of enteric health based on observable immunological parameters presents significant problems at the moment, and cannot be considered robust, reliable predictors of the probiotic activity in vivo, in relation to pig gut health. In c...

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Section: Probiotics Used In Pig Intestinal Cells Challenged With Etecmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Prevention Of Diarrheamentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulating effects of probiotics for microbiota modulation, gut health and disease resistance in pigs

Roselli

Pieper

Rogel–Gaillard

et al. 2017

Animal Feed Science and Technology

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“…During RVs infections in weaned pigs, there is evidence of disruption of the barrier function as evidenced by the decreased villus height and crypt depth, lower levels of IgA, IL-4, and mucin 1 as well a reduced transcription of ZO-1, occludin, and Bcl-2 in jejunal mucosa (47). Some of these effects have been partially associated with alterations of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β production (48).…”

Section: Beneficial Effects Of Immunobiotics In Rotavirus Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal Innate Antiviral Immunity and Immunobiotics: Beneficial Effects against Rotavirus Infection

2016

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The mucosal tissues of the gastrointestinal tract are the main portal entry of pathogens such as rotavirus (RV), which is a leading cause of death due to diarrhea among young children across the globe and a major cause of severe acute intestinal infection in livestock animals. The interactions between intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and immune cells with RVs have been studied for several years, and now, it is known that the innate immune responses triggered by this virus can have both beneficial and detrimental effects for the host. It was demonstrated that natural RV infection in infants and experimental challenges in mice result in the intestinal activation of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) such as toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and striking secretion of proinflammatory mediators that can lead to increased local tissue damage and immunopathology. Therefore, modulating desregulated intestinal immune responses triggered by PRRs activation are a significant promise for reducing the burden of RV diseases. The ability of immunoregulatory probiotic microorganisms (immunobiotics) to protect against intestinal infections, such as those caused by RVs, is among the oldest effects studied for these important group of beneficial microbes. In this review, we provide an update of the current status on the modulation of intestinal antiviral innate immunity by immunobiotics and their beneficial impact on RV infection. In addition, we describe the research of our group that demonstrated the capacity of immunobiotic strains to beneficially modulated TLR3-triggered immune response in IECs, reduce the disruption of intestinal homeostasis caused by intraepithelial lymphocytes, and improve the resistance to RV infections.

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“…The alteration of intestinal morphology due to colistin supplementation could also be associated with a deleterious effect on commensal bacteria playing a role in gut development (Sommer and Bäckhed, 2013). Yin et al (2008) reported that colistin supplementation during the 2 weeks after weaning altered the E. coli population in the jejunum and ileum, but also that of Lactobacilli colonies, which are recognised for their beneficial effect on the mucosal structure of the intestine (Mao et al, 2016). The observed reduction of villus height in the jejunum of non-infected piglets supplemented with colistin may be explained by an alteration of microbial populations in the intestine, with a deleterious effect on mucosal development after weaning.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Huang et al (2004) reported that Lactobacilli improved microbial balance in the digestive tract of piglets during the first 2 weeks after weaning and resulted in fewer cases of diarrhoea and an increase in growth. Lactobacilli strains also play a role in improving the mucosal barrier function and reducing mucosal injury caused by pathogenic microorganisms (Mao et al, 2016). Therefore, a reduced incidence of diarrhoea, enhancement of intestinal morphology and a trend to increased nutrient digestibility in Chlorella supplemented pigs may result from a decrease in oxidative stress and local inflammation, but also from a positive effect on microbial balance in the gut.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary supplementation with freshwater microalgae on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and gut health in weaned piglets

Furbeyre

Milgen

Mener

et al. 2017

Animal

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In pigs, digestive disorders associated with weaning lead to antibiotic use to maintain intestinal health. Microalgae have been studied in humans and rodents for their beneficial effects on health. The nutritional value of microalgae in animal diets has been assessed, but results were not conclusive. Dietary supplementation with microalgae as an alternative to antibiotic use was studied in two trials (72 piglets with initial BW = 9.1 ± 1.1 kg in trial 1 and 24 piglets with initial BW = 9.1 ± 0.9 kg in trial 2). All piglets were weaned at 28 days of age and then housed in individual cages. Piglets were randomly allocated to one of the four diets during 2 weeks after weaning: a standard diet with no supplementation (NC) or the standard diet supplemented with 1% Spirulina (SP), with 1% Chlorella (CV), or with 0.2% of colistin as positive control (PC). Trial 1 was performed to determine the effect of microalgae supplementation from 28 to 42 days on performance and incidence of diarrhoea. Animals received then a standard diet from 42 to 56 days of age. Trial 2 was performed from 28 to 42 days of age to assess nutrient digestibility of the experimental diets and to determine inflammatory status and intestinal morphology at 42 days of age. In trial 1, 94% of the pigs had diarrhoea in the 1st week after weaning with no beneficial effect of colistin on diarrhoea incidence, average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG), and gain : feed (G : F) ratio. This suggests that the diarrhoea was due to digestive disorders that did not result from enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection. Supplementation with either Spirulina or Chlorella did not affect ADFI, ADG and G : F in trials 1 and 2 ( P > 0.10). Diarrhoea incidence was reduced in CV pigs compared with NC, SP and PC pigs ( P < 0.05). Total tract digestibility in pig receiving microalgae was greater for gross energy ( P < 0.05), and tended to be greater for dry matter, organic matter and NDF ( P < 0.10) compared with NC and PC pigs. Villus height at the jejunum was greater in SP and CV pigs compared with NC and PC pigs ( P < 0.05). This study shows a potential effect of both Spirulina and Chlorella supplementation on intestinal development and a potential of Chlorella supplementation to manage mild digestive disorders. Further investigation is necessary to determine the mechanism action of Spirulina and Chlorella on gut health and physiology.

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Dietary Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Supplementation Improves the Mucosal Barrier Function in the Intestine of Weaned Piglets Challenged by Porcine Rotavirus

Cited by 85 publications

References 60 publications

Immunomodulating effects of probiotics for microbiota modulation, gut health and disease resistance in pigs

Immunomodulating effects of probiotics for microbiota modulation, gut health and disease resistance in pigs

Intestinal Innate Antiviral Immunity and Immunobiotics: Beneficial Effects against Rotavirus Infection

Effects of dietary supplementation with freshwater microalgae on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and gut health in weaned piglets

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