Dietary Isoflavones Alter Gut Microbiota and Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis to Reduce Inflammation

Ghimire, Sudeep; Cady, Nicole; Lehman, Peter; Peterson, Stephanie R; Shahi, Shailesh K.; Rashid, Faraz; Giri, Shailendra; Mangalam, Ashutosh K.

doi:10.1080/19490976.2022.2127446

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Interestingly, Bifidobacterium as the dominant bacteria is able to specifically bind to the intestinal mucosal epithelium via teichoic acid, co-occupying the intestinal mucosal surface together with other anaerobic bacteria, forming a biological barrier to prevent colonization and invasion by pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic bacteria, reducing the penetration of enteric-derived endotoxins, and alleviating plasma endotoxemia. , A large amount of organic acids such as lactic and acetic acid produced by Bifidobacterium metabolism were able to reduce intestinal pH and inhibit the harmful bacteria growth . The above findings were consistent with our study that DOP intervention caused a beneficial elevation of 139.41% in the abundance of Bifidobacterium.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Dendrobium officinale Polysaccharide Alleviates Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Restoring Gut Microbiota and Repairing Intestinal Barrier via the LPS/TLR4/TRIF/NF-kB Axis

Chen

2023

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide (DOP), the main active component, has a variety of bioactivities. In this study, a type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and antibiotic-induced pseudo-germ-free mouse models were used to investigate the hypoglycemic mechanisms of DOP. The findings showed that DOP ameliorated dysfunctional glucolipid metabolism, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) leakage, and metabolic inflammation levels in T2DM mice. Furthermore, DOP significantly upregulated the mRNA expression of tight junction proteins Claudin-1, Occludin, and ZO-1 and reduced intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress damage through the LPS/TLR4/TRIF/NF-κB axis to repair the intestinal barrier. Interestingly, pseudo-germ-free mouse experiments confirmed that the above beneficial effects of DOP were dependent on gut microbiota. 16S rRNA analysis showed that DOP strongly inhibited the harmful bacterium Helicobacter by 94.57% and facilitated the proliferation of probiotics Allobaculum, Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus by 34.96, 139.41, and 88.95%, respectively. Therefore, DOP is capable of rebuilding certain specific intestinal microbiota to restore intestinal barrier injury, which supports the utilization of DOP as a new type of prebiotic in functional foods for T2DM.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Dendrobium officinale Polysaccharide Alleviates Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Restoring Gut Microbiota and Repairing Intestinal Barrier via the LPS/TLR4/TRIF/NF-kB Axis

Chen

2023

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“… 23 Studies have shown that the presence of LPS-stimulated Treg cells or exogenous IL-10 significantly promotes IL-10 production by neutrophils and that isoflavone-rich diet anspecifically regulates LPS biosynthesis in the gut microbiota, conferring an anti-inflammatory response and reducing disease severity. 24 We have previously reported that inflammatory factors are downregulated in monks practising meditation. 6 Furthermore, the meditation group was significantly enriched in toluene degradation and adipocytokine signalling pathways.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Alteration of faecal microbiota balance related to long-term deep meditation

Sun

Xue

et al. 2023

Gen Psych

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BackgroundAdvancements in research have confirmed that gut microbiota can influence health through the microbiota–gut–brain axis. Meditation, as an inner mental exercise, can positively impact the regulation of an individual’s physical and mental health. However, few studies have comprehensively investigated faecal microbiota following long-term (several years) deep meditation. Therefore, we propose that long-term meditation may regulate gut microbiota homeostasis and, in turn, affect physical and mental health.AimsTo investigate the effects of long-term deep meditation on the gut microbiome structure.MethodsTo examine the intestinal flora, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed on faecal samples of 56 Tibetan Buddhist monks and neighbouring residents. Based on the sequencing data, linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) was employed to identify differential intestinal microbial communities between the two groups. Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) analysis was used to predict the function of faecal microbiota. In addition, we evaluated biochemical indices in the plasma.ResultsThe α-diversity indices of the meditation and control groups differed significantly. At the genus level,PrevotellaandBacteroideswere significantly enriched in the meditation group. According to the LEfSe analysis, two beneficial bacterial genera (MegamonasandFaecalibacterium) were significantly enriched in the meditation group. Functional predictive analysis further showed that several pathways—including glycan biosynthesis, metabolism and lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis—were significantly enriched in the meditation group. Moreover, plasma levels of clinical risk factors were significantly decreased in the meditation group, including total cholesterol and apolipoprotein B.ConclusionsLong-term traditional Tibetan Buddhist meditation may positively impact physical and mental health. We confirmed that the gut microbiota composition differed between the monks and control subjects. The microbiota enriched in monks was associated with a reduced risk of anxiety, depression and cardiovascular disease and could enhance immune function. Overall, these results suggest that meditation plays a positive role in psychosomatic conditions and well-being.

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“…As Bifidobacterium is designated as beneficial "probiotic" species [59][60][61][62], losing these species after the diet change to phytoestrogen-free indicates overall deterioration of gut microbiome homeostasis. Interestingly, the phytoestrogen metabolizing genes and equol levels were lost within a week after switching the diet from an isoflavone diet to a phytoestrogen-free diet [58]. In contrast, when switching the diet from a phytoestrogen-free to an isoflavone diet, the phytoestrogen metabolizing genes and functions were restored after only 28 days of diet switch [58].…”

Section: The Gut Bacteria-induced Phytoestrogen Metabolism and Its Im...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analysis of bacterial functional pathways between the two diet groups showed a reduction in glycosyltransferase activity and an increase in polysaccharide lyase when the diet was changed from isoflavone to phytoestrogen-free diet [58]. Both the glycosyltransferase and polysaccharide lyase family of enzymes are involved in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) synthesis pathways, implying that isoflavone dietary conditions may contribute to the formation of structurally different LPSs compared to a phytoestrogen-free diet.…”

Section: Dietary Change Alters Gut Microbial Lipopolysaccharide Biosy...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, the gut microbiome of mice on an isoflavone diet showed similarities with the microbiome of healthy controls, whereas the microbiome of mice on a phytoestrogen‐free diet resembled the microbiome of PwMS characterized by a higher abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila [56]. Therefore, in a follow‐up study [58], we tested whether switching the diet from a phytoestrogen‐free diet to an isoflavone diet would restore gut microbial homeostasis. Four‐ to six‐week‐old mice on standard chow were switched to an isoflavone‐diet or phytoestrogen‐free diet, and after 6 weeks on special diets, isoflavone‐diet mice were switched to a phytoestrogen‐free diet, and vice versa.…”

Section: The Gut Bacteria‐induced Phytoestrogen Metabolism and Its Im...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diet‐microbiome‐immune interplay in multiple sclerosis: Understanding the impact of phytoestrogen metabolizing gut bacteria

Lehman,

Ghimire,

Price

et al. 2023

Eur J Immunol

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SummaryMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and progressive autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS), with both genetic and environmental factors contributing to the pathobiology of the disease. While HLA genes have emerged as the strongest genetic factor linked to MS, consensus on the environmental risk factors is lacking. Recently, the gut microbiota has garnered increasing attention as a potential environmental factor in MS, as mounting evidence suggests that individuals with MS exhibit microbial dysbiosis (changes in the gut microbiome). Thus, there has been a strong emphasis on understanding the role of the gut microbiome in the pathobiology of MS, specifically, factors regulating the gut microbiota and the mechanism(s) through which gut microbes may contribute to MS. Among all factors, diet has emerged to have the strongest influence on the composition and function of gut microbiota. As MS patients lack gut bacteria capable of metabolizing dietary phytoestrogen, we will specifically discuss the role of a phytoestrogen diet and phytoestrogen metabolizing gut bacteria in the pathobiology of MS. A better understanding of these mechanisms will help to harness the enormous potential of the gut microbiota as potential therapeutics to treat MS and other autoimmune diseases.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Dietary Isoflavones Alter Gut Microbiota and Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis to Reduce Inflammation

Cited by 19 publications

References 66 publications

Dendrobium officinale Polysaccharide Alleviates Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Restoring Gut Microbiota and Repairing Intestinal Barrier via the LPS/TLR4/TRIF/NF-kB Axis

Dendrobium officinale Polysaccharide Alleviates Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Restoring Gut Microbiota and Repairing Intestinal Barrier via the LPS/TLR4/TRIF/NF-kB Axis

Alteration of faecal microbiota balance related to long-term deep meditation

Diet‐microbiome‐immune interplay in multiple sclerosis: Understanding the impact of phytoestrogen metabolizing gut bacteria

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