Dietary Intake of Modernizing Samoans

Galanis, Daniel J; McGarvey, Stephen T.; Quested, Christine; Sio, Brenda; Aafele-Fa'amuli, Salei'

doi:10.1016/s0002-8223(99)00044-9

Cited by 78 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Samoans have high rates of obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes and other cardiac risk factors, which have been increasing over the past 30 years 20 . Food choices in AS have changed from traditional plant and fish-based diets to greater reliance on imported and highly processed foods 21 . Increased fast food consumption and low levels of physical activity, associated with economic and occupational changes, have also contributed to these health risks 20, 22-24 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of a Culturally Tailored Diabetes Intervention With Community Health Workers in American Samoa

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose The examination of implementation process in translation research can inform other interventions’ modifications for different socio-cultural contexts. The purpose of this paper is to answer key implementation questions of a primary-care based, nurse-community health worker (CHW) team intervention to support type 2 diabetes self-management, as part of a randomized trial: 1) How was the evidence-based model adapted? 2) How were CHWs trained and supervised? 3) What was fidelity to protocols? 4) What were intervention costs? Lessons learned during implementation are also discussed. Methods Descriptive data are given on intervention delivery, CHW visit content, patient safety and intervention costs, along with statistical analyses to examine participant characteristics of higher attendance at visits. Results In the intervention sample (n=104), 74% (SD 16) of planned intervention visits occurred, guided by an algorithm-based protocol. Higher risk participants had a significantly lower dose of their weekly assigned visits (66%), than those at moderate (74%) and lower risk (90%). Twenty-eight percent of participants moved to a lower risk group over the year. Estimated intervention cost was $656 per person. Participants with less education were more likely to attend optimal percent of visits. Conclusions A nurse-CHW team can deliver a culturally adapted diabetes self-management support intervention with excellent fidelity to the algorithm-based protocols. The team accommodated participants’ needs by meeting them whenever and wherever they could. This study provides an example of adaptation of an evidence-based model to the Samoan cultural context and its resource-poor setting.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of a Culturally Tailored Diabetes Intervention With Community Health Workers in American Samoa

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A detailed description of this longitudinal study has been reported previously (42, 43). Briefly, participants were recruited from 46 villages and worksites in American Samoa in 1990 and nine villages in (then Western) Samoa in 1991, and followed up four years later in 1994 and 1995, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

INSIG2 variants, dietary patterns and metabolic risk in Samoa

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background/Objectives Association of insulin-induced gene 2 (INSIG2) variants with obesity has been confirmed in several but not all follow-up studies. Differences in environmental factors across populations may mask some genetic associations and therefore gene-environment interactions should be explored. We hypothesized that the association between dietary patterns and components of the metabolic syndrome could be modified by INSIG2 variants. Subjects/Methods We conducted a longitudinal study of adiposity and cardiovascular disease risk among 427 and 290 adults from Samoa and American Samoa (1990–95). Principal component analysis on food items from a validated FFQ was used to identify neo-traditional and modern dietary patterns. We explored gene-dietary pattern interactions with the INSIG2 variants rs9308762 and rs7566605. Results Results for American Samoans were mostly non-significant. In Samoa, the neo-traditional dietary pattern was associated with lower triglycerides, BMI, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and fasting glucose (all p-for-trend<0.05). The modern pattern was significantly associated with higher triglycerides, BMI, waist circumference, and lower HDL cholesterol (all p-for-trend<0.05). A significant interaction for triglycerides was found between the modern pattern and the rs9308762 polymorphism (p=0.04). Those from Samoa consuming the modern pattern have higher triglycerides if they are homozygous for the rs9308762 C allele. Conclusions The common INSIG2 rs9308762 variant was associated with poorer metabolic control and a greater sensitivity of trigylcerides to a modern dietary pattern. Environmental factors need to be taken into account when assessing genetic associations across and within populations.

show abstract

“…Participants were between 18 and 84 years of age with all four grandparents of Samoan ancestry. Detailed descriptions of the sampling and recruitment are reported previously [19,20]. Anthropometric measurements at the baseline in 1990 and 1991 were obtained following standard protocols.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A tagging SNP in INSIG2 is associated with obesity-related phenotypes among Samoans

Deka

Pal

et al. 2009

BMC Med Genet

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundA genome wide association study found significant association of a sequence variant, rs7566605, in the insulin-induced gene 2 (INSIG2) with obesity. However, the association remained inconclusive in follow-up studies. We tested for association of four tagging SNPs (tagSNPs) including this variant with body mass index (BMI) and abdominal circumference (ABDCIR) in the Samoans of the Western Pacific, a population with high levels of obesity.MethodsWe studied 907 adult Samoan participants from a longitudinal study of adiposity and cardiovascular disease risk in two polities, American Samoa and Samoa. Four tagSNPs were identified from the Chinese HapMap database based on pairwise r2 of ≥0.8 and minor allele frequency of ≥0.05. Genotyping was performed using the TaqMan assay. Tests of association with BMI and ABDCIR were performed under the additive model.ResultsWe did not find association of rs7566605 with either BMI or ABDCIR in any group of the Samoans. However, the most distally located tagSNPs in Intron 3 of the gene, rs9308762, showed significant association with both BMI (p-value 0.024) and ABDCIR (p-value 0.009) in the combined sample and with BMI (p-value 0.038) in the sample from Samoa.ConclusionAlthough rs7566605 was not significantly associated with obesity in our study population, we can not rule out the involvement of INSIG2 in obesity related traits as we found significant association of another tagSNP in INSIG2 with both BMI and ABDCIR. This study suggests the importance of comprehensive assessment of sequence variants within a gene in association studies.

show abstract

Dietary Intake of Modernizing Samoans

Cited by 78 publications

References 14 publications

Implementation of a Culturally Tailored Diabetes Intervention With Community Health Workers in American Samoa

Implementation of a Culturally Tailored Diabetes Intervention With Community Health Workers in American Samoa

INSIG2 variants, dietary patterns and metabolic risk in Samoa

A tagging SNP in INSIG2 is associated with obesity-related phenotypes among Samoans

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About