Dietary Intake of Minerals and Prostate Cancer: Insights Into Problem Based on the Chemical Element Contents in the Prostate Gland

Abstract

Objective: As men age total dietary mineral bioavailability falls which may increase the risk of prostate cancer. The aims of this study were to investigate the changes in main mineral contents in prostate gland that occurred with aging. Design: Population based study on changes in mineral contents in prostate gland with ageing. Participants and setting: 65 free-living healthy men aged 21-87 years who had died suddenly. Prostates were removed at necropsy and the samples of morphologic normal prostate tissue were investigated. Measurements: Contents of ten main minerals (B, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Se, and Zn) were determined by four instrumental analytical methods. Results: No any age-related deficiencies in minerals such as B, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Se, and Zn in the prostate tissue were found. Moreover, the mean mass fractions of Co, Fe, and Zn in prostate tissue for the age group adult men aged 41 years and older were statistically significant higher than for those younger than 40 years. Conclusions: Ageing is not associated with reduced mineral contents in prostate gland resulting in inadequate intakes in nutrients. Nutrition policy for men aged 41 years and older should include advice to decrease intakes of red meat for the purpose to reduce Fe and Zn intake.

Significance of Trace Element Quantities in Osteomyelitis and Ewing's Sarcoma

“…In the both OM and ES tissue the mean Se mass fractions were more than 10 times higher than in normal bone (Table 3). A high Se level was reported in malignant tumors of the ovary [58], lung [59], prostate [60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68], breast [69,70], gastro intestinal tract [71], and also in cancers of the stomach [72] and thyroid [73]. Moreover, in our previous study elevated levels of Se were found in such malignant tumors of bone as osteogenic sarcoma [74], chondrosarcoma [75], and malignant giant cell tumor of bone [76].…”

“…A low level of Zn was reported in malignant tumors of liver [78,79,80], kidney [78], uterus [81], lung [80,82], prostate [60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67]80,[83][84][85][86], stomach [87], testis [87], thyroid [72,80,86,87] and in esophageal squamous cell cancer [88]. These facts imply that reduced Zn content in tumors is probably one of the factors in the etiology of malignant transformation of different tissues, because Zn deficiency has been linked to severe deficiency in immune function and disruption in T-Cell function.…”

Monitoring of cadmium and iron concentrations in healthy and prostate cancer patients in the Middle Euphrates Cancer Center, Najaf, Iraq

“…The latter might be evidenced by biochemical research, and these minerals include Mg, Se, Mn, B, Ca, Zn, Co, Cr, and Fe. [12,13] According to recent studies, heavy metals are important components in human blood, and they should be employed as biomarkers to diagnose a variety of disorders, including cancer. [14].…”