Dietary intake of manganese and the risk of the metabolic syndrome in a Chinese population

Abstract

Animal studies have suggested that Mn might be associated with some components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). A few epidemiological studies have assessed dietary Mn intake and its association with the risk of the MetS and its components among Chinese adults. In this study, we assessed daily dietary Mn intake and its relationship with MetS risk among Chinese adults in Zhejiang Province using data from the 5th Chinese National Nutrition and Health Survey (2010–2012). A total of 2111 adults were included. Dietary Mn intake was assessed using 3-d 24-h dietary recalls; health-related data were obtained by questionnaire surveys, physical examinations and laboratory assessments. The mean intake of Mn was 6·07 (sd 2·94) mg/d for men (n 998) and 5·13 (sd 2·65) mg/d for women (n 1113). Rice (>42 %) was the main food source of Mn. The prevalence of the MetS was 28·0 % (590/2111). Higher Mn intake was associated with a decreased risk of the MetS in men (Q4 v. Q1 OR 0·62; 95 % CI 0·42, 0·92; P trend=0·043) but an increased risk in women (Q4 v. Q1 OR 1·56; 95 % CI 1·02, 2·45; P trend=0·078). In addition, Mn intake was inversely associated with abdominal obesity (P trend=0·016) and hypertriacylglycerolaemia (P trend=0·029) in men, but positively associated with low HDL-cholesterol in both men (P trend=0·003) and women (P trend<0·001). Our results suggest that higher Mn intakes may be protective against the MetS in men. The inverse association between Mn intake and the MetS in women might be due to the increased risk for low HDL-cholesterol.

Dietary Manganese Exposure in the Adult Population in Germany—What Does it Mean in Relation to Health Risks?

“…However, to our knowledge, such studies are rare. As already described above, a few studies reported beneficial effects of elevated dietary manganese intake levels for endpoints, such as depressive symptoms and metabolic syndrome . The relevance of these findings remains unclear.…”

“…Based on findings from some recent studies, it has been hypothesized that a high dietary manganese intake might possibly reduce the risk for certain health impairments, such as depressive symptoms, metabolic syndrome and diabetes—at least in specific subgroups . However, the dietary intake among the investigated groups in these studies generally ranged within recommended levels and the differences in manganese exposure among groups were generally low.…”

Micronutrient dietary patterns associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus among women of the E3N‐EPIC (Etude Epidémiologique auprès de femmes de l'Education Nationale) cohort study

“…36,37 Moreover the sixth pattern was correlated with the intake of chocolate, which is rich in manganese. Others have suggested that a high intake of manganese may have a protective effect, especially in people at high risk of developing T2DM.…”

“…Others have suggested that a high intake of manganese may have a protective effect, especially in people at high risk of developing T2DM. 36,37 Moreover the sixth pattern was correlated with the intake of chocolate, which is rich in manganese. Some observational studies highlighted an inverse association between chocolate intake and the risk of T2DM, although it is still uncertain which substances in chocolate are responsible for this association.…”

High manganese exposure decreased the risk of high triglycerides in male workers: a cross-sectional study

“…Another clinical trial in seven young men, adequate intake of Mn can reduce plasma cholesterol levels [32]. A dietary study included 2111 Chinese adults has found a negative correlation between Mn intake and hypertriacylglycerolemia in male and Mn was positively correlated with low HDL-C concentration in female [17]. Another polymetallic dietary intake survey in 258 healthy male and female in China found that Mn intake was inversely correlated with serum TG and T-CHO [19].…”