Dietary Intake of Athletes Seeking Nutrition Advice at a Major International Competition

Burkhart, Sarah; Pelly, Fiona E.

doi:10.3390/nu8100638

Cited by 35 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Mean energy intake in this group of female Australian rules football players was 7826 ± 2411 kJ⋅kg −1 , which is slightly below that reported in previous studies in Australian female athletes, with mean energy intakes ranging from 8674 kJ to 10,511 kJ⋅kg −1 [9,24,25]. The lower energy intake in the current investigation may be due to the nature of Australian rules football.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 73%

Nutritional Intake, Sports Nutrition Knowledge and Energy Availability in Female Australian Rules Football Players

et al. 2019

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This study aimed to assess nutritional intake, sports nutrition knowledge and risk of Low Energy Availability (LEA) in female Australian rules football players. Victorian Football League Women’s competition (VFLW) players (n = 30) aged 18–35 (weight: 64.5 kg ± 8.0; height: 168.2 cm ± 7.6) were recruited from Victoria, Australia. Nutritional intake was quantified on training days using the Automated 24 h Dietary Assessment Tool (ASA24-Australia), and sports nutrition knowledge was measured by the 88-item Sports Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire (SNKQ). The risk of LEA was assessed using the Low Energy Availability in Females Questionnaire (LEAF-Q). Daily mean carbohydrate intake in the current investigation was 3 g⋅kg−1⋅d−1, therefore, below the minimum carbohydrate recommendation for moderate exercise of approximately one hour per day (5–7 g⋅kg−1⋅d−1) and for moderate to intense exercise for 1–3 h per day (6–10 g⋅kg−1⋅d−1) for 96.3% and 100% of players, respectively. Daily mean protein intake was 1.5 g⋅kg−1⋅d−1, therefore, consistent with recommendations (1.2–2.0 g⋅kg−1⋅d−1) for 77.8% of players. Daily mean calcium intake was 924.8 mg⋅d−1, therefore, below recommendations (1000 mg⋅d−1) for 65.5% of players, while mean iron intake was 12.2 mg⋅d−1, also below recommendations (18 mg⋅d−1) for 100% of players. Players answered 54.5% of SNKQ questions correctly, with the lowest scores observed in the section on supplements. Risk of LEA was evident in 30% of players, with no differences in carbohydrate (p = 0.238), protein (p = 0.296), fat (p = 0.490) or energy (p = 0.971) intakes between players at risk of LEA and those not at risk. The results suggest that female Australian rules football players have an inadequate intake of carbohydrate and calcium and low sports nutrition knowledge. Further investigation to assess the risk of LEA using direct measures is required.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 73%

Nutritional Intake, Sports Nutrition Knowledge and Energy Availability in Female Australian Rules Football Players

et al. 2019

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“…The foods athletes choose to eat can impact on their wellbeing and performance, body composition, gut comfort and fuel available for training, competition and recovery. Despite the key role diet has on health and performance, athletes may not make appropriate food choices [1][2][3]. There are a limited number of studies that have explored individual and interpersonal determinants of food choices in athletes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Key Factors Influencing the Food Choices of Athletes at two Distinct Major International Competitions

Thurecht

Pelly

2020

Nutrients

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This study aimed to identify the factors influencing the food choices of athletes at the Universiade and Commonwealth Games and explore differences in the cohort across sport, competition history and demographic characteristics. A sample of 385 athletes (n = 153, 2017 Universiade, Taiwan; n = 232, 2018 Commonwealth Games, Australia), from 69 countries and 29 sports participated in this cross-sectional observational study. Participants rated 36 items from the Athlete Food Choice Questionnaire and 11 additional items (gut comfort, doping risk, availability, location, money, convenience, time of day, hunger, medical conditions, and food allergies) on how frequently (1 never to 5 always) each influences their food choices. “Performance”, “sensory appeal”, “food and health awareness” and “weight control” were reported as most frequently, while the least were “emotional influence”, “influence of others” and “food values and beliefs”. Commonwealth Games athletes were older, more experienced and more likely to report “performance” (median = 4.33 versus 4.00, U = 20250.0, p = 0.012) and less likely to report “emotional influences” (median = 2.80 versus 3.20, U = 14273.0, p = 0.001) than Universiade athletes. Greater numbers of younger athletes were often or always influenced by available money. Athletes across all sports reported frequently considering gut comfort in their food choices. These results can inform nutrition education strategies of high-performance athletes.

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“…In addition to these general values, tailored recommendations are set for specific sport disciplines, such as endurance, team, and strength sports [ 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Although athletes are considered a disciplined and motivated population, several recent studies have suggested that athletes may often not meet macronutrient recommendations [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. However, this viewpoint has been questioned by others [ 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macronutrient Intakes in 553 Dutch Elite and Sub-Elite Endurance, Team, and Strength Athletes: Does Intake Differ between Sport Disciplines?

et al. 2017

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Abstract:Web-based 24-h dietary recalls and questionnaires were obtained from 553 Dutch well-trained athletes. The total energy and macronutrient intake was compared between discipline-categories (endurance, team, and strength) within gender, and dietary inadequacy, i.e., too low or high intakes, according to selected recommendations and guidelines, was evaluated by applying a probability approach. On average, 2.83 days per person were reported with a mean energy intake of 2566-2985 kcal and 1997-2457 kcal per day, for men and women, respectively. Between disciplines, small differences in the mean intake of energy and macronutrients were seen for both men and women. Overall, 80% of the athletes met the suggested lower-limit sport nutrition recommendation of 1.2 g·kg −1 of protein per day. The carbohydrate intake of 50%-80% of athletes was between 3 and 5 g·kg −1 bodyweight, irrespective of the category of their discipline. This can be considered as low to moderate, in view of their daily total exercise load (athletes reported on average~100 min per day).In conclusion, only small differences in the mean energy and macronutrient intake between elite endurance, strength, and team sport athletes, were found. The majority of the athletes were able to meet the generally accepted protein recommendation for athletes, of 1.2 g·kg −1 . However, for most athletes, the carbohydrate intake was lower than generally recommended in the existing consensus guidelines on sport nutrition. This suggests that athletes could either optimize their carbohydrate intake, or that average carbohydrate requirements merit a re-evaluation.

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Dietary Intake of Athletes Seeking Nutrition Advice at a Major International Competition

Cited by 35 publications

References 39 publications

Nutritional Intake, Sports Nutrition Knowledge and Energy Availability in Female Australian Rules Football Players

Nutritional Intake, Sports Nutrition Knowledge and Energy Availability in Female Australian Rules Football Players

Key Factors Influencing the Food Choices of Athletes at two Distinct Major International Competitions

Macronutrient Intakes in 553 Dutch Elite and Sub-Elite Endurance, Team, and Strength Athletes: Does Intake Differ between Sport Disciplines?

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