Dietary Gracilaria persica mediated the growth performance, fillet colouration, and immune response of Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus)

Abstract

Algal seaweeds have abundant amounts of active substances and can be used as pharmaceuticals and biomedicals in aquafeeds. In this context, the powder of red macroalgae Gracilaria persica was included in the diets of Persian sturgeon at the rate of 0, 2.5, 5, and 10 g/kg to investigate its role on the growth rate, fillet colouration, haemato-biochemical indices, serum, and skin mucus immunity. The weight gain, SGR, and FCR displayed no significant changes in fish fed varying levels of G. persica ( P > 0.05). The level of total carotenoids was significantly higher in the blood and fillet of fish fed 5 and 10 g G. persica /kg diet ( P < 0.05). Dietary G. persica significantly altered RBCs, WBCs, a nd HCT at 5, and 10 g/kg, whereas the Hb was increased in fish fed 5 g/kg ( P < 0.05). The blood total protein and albumin were significantly increased in fish fed 5 and 10 g/kg ( P < 0.05). No significant alterations were observed on ALT, AST, ALP, and glucose levels of fish fed varying levels of G. persica ( P > 0.05). Serum Ig, lysozyme, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and respiratory burst activities were increased in fish fed 5, and 10 g/kg than fish fed 0 and 2.5 g/kg diet ( P < 0.05). The level of total protein and lysozyme activity in the skin mucus were significantly higher in the blood and fillet of fish fed 5, and 10 g G. persica /kg diet than fish fed 0 and 2.5 g/kg ( P < 0.05). Based on the obtained results, G. persica can be used as a feasible feed additive in the diets of Persian sturgeon at 5–10 g/kg diet.

WITHDRAWN: The Effects of Dietary Gracilaria Corticata (Marine Macroalgae, Rhodophyta) Extraction on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Defence, Plasma and Mucosal Immune Components and Immune-related Gene Expressions in Goldfish, Carassius Auratus

“…In Persian sturgeon, Acipenser persicus, dietary Gracilaria sp. (Adel et al, 2020) had no effects on growth performance. Similar results were observed in barramundi, Lates calcarifer and Meager, Argyrosomus regius supplemented with Gracilaria pulvinata and Gracilaria sp.…”

As‐Cathelicidin4 enhances the immune response and resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila in caridean shrimp

“…Adding immunomodulatory additives (such as probiotics, prebiotics and plant extracts) to the diet to activate and regulate aquatic animals’ immune response has been proven to be an effective strategy for the treatment of antibiotic‐resistant bacterial infections in aquatic farming (Adel et al., 2021; Ouyang et al., 2022). Therefore, the development of novel immunomodulators has become a research hotspot in aquaculture research (Lagos et al., 2017; Ouyang et al., 2022).…”

Effects of Dietary Gracilaria lichenoides and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, and Intestinal Health of Penaeus monodon

“…The incorporation of Eucheuma denticulatum into the diet of Paralichthys olivaceus resulted in notable enhancement in the growth rate and feed efficiency of juvenile fish, with a concurrent increase in the accumulation of dorsal muscle omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid in experimental groups [19]. Additionally, feeding Gracilaria persica to Acipenser persicus led to elevated activities of superoxide dismutase 3 of 22 (SOD) and catalase (CAT) [20]. Furthermore, supplementation of Sargassum aquifolium in the feed resulted in heightened activities of CAT, SOD, and glutathione (GSH), along with a reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) content.…”