Dietary glycine supplementation modulates antioxidant and immune responses of beluga, Huso huso, juveniles

Hoseini, Seyyed Morteza; Moghaddam, Abbasali Aghaei; Ghelichpour, Melika; Pagheh, Esmaeil; Haghpanah, Abdollah; Gharavi, Behrouz; Mansouri, B; Arghideh, Mohammad

doi:10.1016/j.aqrep.2022.101026

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Higher levels of glycine were also found in the muscles of farm-escaped and farm-raised fish, 54 − 56 likely due to its use as a supplement in aquaculture feed. 44 , 51 , 54 Glycine is an important amino acid for the synthesis of collagen, the main structural protein in many fish tissues, 57 and is a precursor for creatine synthesis in the muscles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Higher levels of glycine were also found in the muscles of farm-escaped and farm-raised fish, − likely due to its use as a supplement in aquaculture feed. ,, Glycine is an important amino acid for the synthesis of collagen, the main structural protein in many fish tissues, and is a precursor for creatine synthesis in the muscles. Therefore, the higher levels of glycine in farm-raised and farm-escaped fish are likely related to the higher levels of creatine observed in these fish. , These findings suggest that glycine is another candidate biomarker for distinguishing wild gilthead sea bream from their farmed counterparts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolomic and Lipidomic Tools for Tracing Fish Escapes from Aquaculture Facilities

Badaoui,

Marhuenda-Egea,

Valero-Rodriguez

et al. 2024

ACS Food Sci. Technol.

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During adverse atmospheric events, enormous damage can occur at marine aquaculture facilities, as was the case during Storm Gloria in the southeastern Spanish Mediterranean in January 2020, with massive fish escapes. Fishes that escape were caught by professional fishermen. The objective of this study was to identify biomarkers in fish that enable differentiation among wild fish, escaped farm-raised fish, and farm-raised fish kept in aquaculture facilities until their slaughter. We focused on gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata). We used nuclear magnetic resonance to search for possible biomarkers. We found that wild gilthead sea bream showed higher levels of taurine and trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) in their muscle and higher levels of ω-3 fatty acids, whereas farm-escaped and farmed gilthead sea bream raised until slaughter exhibit higher levels of ω-6 fatty acids. From choline, carnitine, creatinine, betaine, or lecithin, trimethylamine (TMA) is synthesized in the intestine by the action of bacterial microflora. In the liver, TMA is oxidized to TMAO and transported to muscle cells. The identified biomarkers will improve the traceability of gilthead sea bream by distinguishing wild specimens from those raised in aquaculture.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomic and Lipidomic Tools for Tracing Fish Escapes from Aquaculture Facilities

Badaoui,

Marhuenda-Egea,

Valero-Rodriguez

et al. 2024

ACS Food Sci. Technol.

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“…It is noteworthy that two studies did not identify an effect of dietary glycine supplementation on the growth performance of juvenile rainbow trout [ 53 ] or Beluga sturgeon [ 54 ]. In the work of Belghit et al [ 53 ], rainbow trout with a mean initial BW of 87 g were restrictively fed (90% of satiety) for 6 weeks a black soldier fly larvae meal (40%)- and corn starch meal (16.48%)-based diet (41% crude protein including 1.73% glycine) supplemented with 0 or 1% glycine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the work of Belghit et al [ 53 ], rainbow trout with a mean initial BW of 87 g were restrictively fed (90% of satiety) for 6 weeks a black soldier fly larvae meal (40%)- and corn starch meal (16.48%)-based diet (41% crude protein including 1.73% glycine) supplemented with 0 or 1% glycine. In the investigation of Hoseini et al [ 54 ], Beluga sturgeon were fed for 8 weeks a fishmeal (35%)-, poultry by-product meal (15%)-, wheat meal (23%)-, and soybean meal (25%)-based diet (42% crude protein including 1.8% glycine) supplemented with 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, or 1% glycine. Neither of the two research groups reported concentrations of GSH or creatine in fish tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The discrepancies among the published reports regarding the effects of dietary glycine supplementation on the growth performance of various species of fish may result from differences in a plethora of factors, including AA metabolism (e.g., rates of endogenous synthesis and degradation of glycine), amounts of feed intake per kg BW, dietary nutrient composition, and environmental conditions. For example, restricted feeding [ 53 ] and a very low level of dietary cysteine (0.13%) [ 54 ] may limit the availability of AAs other than glycine for tissue protein synthesis in rainbow trout and Beluga sturgeon, respectively. For comparison, in our studies, both Phase-I and Phase-II HSB were fed at satiety and the diet contained 0.56% cysteine [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary glycine supplementation enhances syntheses of creatine and glutathione by tissues of hybrid striped bass (Morone saxatilis ♀ × Morone chrysops ♂) fed soybean meal-based diets

He,

Li,

2024

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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Background We recently reported that supplementing glycine to soybean meal-based diets is necessary for the optimum growth of 5- to 40-g (Phase-I) and 110- to 240-g (Phase-II) hybrid striped bass (HSB), as well as their intestinal health. Although glycine serves as an essential substrate for syntheses of creatine and glutathione (GSH) in mammals (e.g., pigs), little is known about these metabolic pathways or their nutritional regulation in fish. This study tested the hypothesis that glycine supplementation enhances the activities of creatine- and GSH-forming enzymes as well as creatine and GSH availabilities in tissues of hybrid striped bass (HSB; Morone saxatilis♀ × Morone chrysops♂). Methods Phase-I and Phase-II HSB were fed a soybean meal-based diet supplemented with 0%, 1%, or 2% glycine for 8 weeks. At the end of the 56-d feeding, tissues (liver, intestine, skeletal muscle, kidneys, and pancreas) were collected for biochemical analyses. Results In contrast to terrestrial mammals and birds, creatine synthesis occurred primarily in skeletal muscle from all HSB. The liver was most active in GSH synthesis among the HSB tissues studied. In Phase-I HSB, supplementation with 1% or 2% glycine increased (P < 0.05) concentrations of intramuscular creatine (15%–19%) and hepatic GSH (8%–11%), while reducing (P < 0.05) hepatic GSH sulfide (GSSG)/GSH ratios by 14%–15%, compared with the 0-glycine group; there were no differences (P > 0.05) in these variables between the 1% and 2% glycine groups. In Phase-II HSB, supplementation with 1% and 2% glycine increased (P < 0.05) concentrations of creatine and GSH in the muscle (15%–27%) and liver (11%–20%) in a dose-dependent manner, with reduced ratios of hepatic GSSG/GSH in the 1% or 2% glycine group. In all HSB, supplementation with 1% and 2% glycine dose-dependently increased (P < 0.05) activities of intramuscular arginine:glycine amidinotransferase (22%–41%) and hepatic γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (17%–37%), with elevated activities of intramuscular guanidinoacetate methyltransferase and hepatic GSH synthetase and GSH reductase in the 1% or 2% glycine group. Glycine supplementation also increased (P < 0.05) concentrations of creatine and activities of its synthetic enzymes in tail kidneys and pancreas, and concentrations of GSH and activities of its synthetic enzymes in the proximal intestine. Conclusions Skeletal muscle and liver are the major organs for creatine and GSH syntheses in HSB, respectively. Dietary glycine intake regulates creatine and GSH syntheses by both Phase-I and Phase-II HSB in a tissue-specific manner. Based on the metabolic data, glycine is a conditionally essential amino acid for the growing fish.

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Strain-specific metabolomic diversity of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum under aerobic and anaerobic conditions

et al. 2023

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Dietary glycine supplementation modulates antioxidant and immune responses of beluga, Huso huso, juveniles

Cited by 8 publications

References 30 publications

Metabolomic and Lipidomic Tools for Tracing Fish Escapes from Aquaculture Facilities

Metabolomic and Lipidomic Tools for Tracing Fish Escapes from Aquaculture Facilities

Dietary glycine supplementation enhances syntheses of creatine and glutathione by tissues of hybrid striped bass (Morone saxatilis ♀ × Morone chrysops ♂) fed soybean meal-based diets

Strain-specific metabolomic diversity of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum under aerobic and anaerobic conditions

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