Dietary glycine+serine responses of male broilers given low-protein diets with different concentrations of threonine

Abstract

1. The objective of this study was to determine the optimum glycine+serine (Gly+Ser) concentration in low-crude protein (CP) diets that have adequate or high concentrations of dietary threonine (Thr) for broiler chickens in the initial growth phase. 2. Treatments consisted of four concentrations of dietary Gly+Ser (18.4; 19.8; 21.2 and 22.6 g/kg) and two concentrations of dietary Thr (9.3 and 10.7 g/kg, corresponding to 100 and 115% of the required Thr, respectively). 3. At 21d, interactions were observed between dietary Gly+Ser and Thr concentrations for the feed conversion ratio, creatine content in the pectoral muscles and serum concentrations of uric acid. There was a quadratic effect of the concentrations of Gly+Ser in the diets with 9.3 g Thr/kg on the feed conversion ratio and creatine content in the pectoral muscles, with an optimisation concentration of 20.8 and 21.1 g Gly+Ser/kg, respectively. 4. Diets containing 10.7 g Thr/kg negatively affected the feed conversion ratio, relative breast weight, creatine content in the pectoral muscles, serum concentrations of uric acid and ammonia in poultry compared to diets containing 9.3 g Thr/kg. 5. The need for Gly+Ser in diets with low-protein concentration (190 g CP/kg) and adequate concentration of Thr (9.3 g/kg) is 20.8 g/kg for broilers in the 1- to 21-d phase.

Effects of feeding male and female broiler chickens on low-protein diets fortified with different dietary glycine levels under the hot and humid tropical climate

“…The present study was conducted to determine the effect of feeding low-CP diets with higher Gly þ Ser Ser levels on performance, carcass yields, selected serum metabolites and litter characteristics in male and female broiler chickens kept under the hot and humid tropical climate from 1 to 42 d. Previous reports have highlighted the importance of Gly to enhance the growth performance of broiler chickens fed low-CP diets under thermoneutral condition (Corzo et al 2005;Waldroup et al 2005;Dean et al 2006;Ospina-Rojas et al 2013). Corzo et al (2005), and Dean et al (2006) reported equal growth performance with the addition of Gly to low-CP diets in chickens under temperate conditions.…”

“…According to NRC (1994) young broilers (0-3 wk) need 1.25% total Gly þ Ser and 1.14% during the grower period (3-6 weeks). However, it is evident that a much higher Gly þ Se level is required when broilers fed low-CP, essential AA-supplemented diets (Corzo et al 2004;Dean et al 2006;Ospina-Rojas et al 2013). Corzo et al (2004) suggested a total Gly þ Ser level of 1.76% for male broilers fed 18% CP from day 7 to 20.…”

Effect of Yeast Culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on Broilers: A Preliminary Study on the Effective Components of Yeast Culture

“…Inositol deficiency in feed can lead to multiple deficiencies such as loss of appetite, anemia, poor growth, fin erosion, skin blackening, and abnormal lipid metabolism in fish [25,26]. In addition, the effect of YC is not the function of a single substance, but the nutrition and health effect of these components in combination [27]. The above findings indicated that the obtained YCs contain important nutritional element and could be used for supplementation in animal feeds or preparation of dietary supplements for animals.…”

The Response of Broiler Chickens to Dietary Soybean Meal Reduction with Glycine and Cysteine Inclusion at Marginal Sulfur Amino Acids (SAA) Deficiency

“…Diet containing 2.32% total glycine + serine with marginal level of TSAA (methionine and cysteine) improved feed/gain (F:G) in female broiler chickens [8]. It is preferable to maintain a higher level of glycine than recommended in National Research Council [15] in reduced protein diets [11,12,16,17].…”

“…The optimal level of glycine to support maximum growth and feed conversion in chickens is 1.76% to 1.8% (glycine + serine) for 7-20 d of age [16], 2.32% (glycine + serine) in 16% crude protein diet for female broiler chickens 0-17 d of age [12], and 2.08% (glycine + serine) in 19% crude protein for male broiler chickens 0-21 d of age [17].…”