Dietary glycemic load and colorectal cancer risk

Franceschi, Silvia; Masco, L. Dal; Augustin, Livia S. A.; Negri, Eva; Parpinel, Maria; Boyle, Peter; Jenkins, David; Vecchia, Carlo La

doi:10.1023/a:1008304128577

Cited by 201 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

100

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The results were adjusted for sociodemographic factors, physical activity, number of daily meals, and intakes of fiber, alcohol and energy. ORs were especially elevated for cancer of the colon (1.9 for GI and 2.0 for GL; Franceschi et al, 2001). These data suggest the more refined the carbohydrates in the habitual diet, the greater the risk for cancer of the colorectum.…”

Section: Colorectal Cancermentioning

confidence: 85%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Glycemic index in chronic disease: a review

et al. 2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aim: The intent of this review is to critically analyze the scientific evidence on the role of the glycemic index in chronic Western disease and to discuss the utility of the glycemic index in the prevention and management of these disease states. Background: The glycemic index ranks foods based on their postprandial blood glucose response. Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, as well as their determinants (eg high energy intake, obesity, lack of physical activity) have been implicated in the etiology of diabetes, coronary heart disease and cancer. Recently, among dietary factors, carbohydrates have attracted much attention as a significant culprit, however, different types of carbohydrate produce varying glycemic and insulinemic responses. Low glycemic index foods, characterized by slowly absorbed carbohydrates, have been shown in some studies to produce beneficial effects on glucose control, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, blood lipids and satiety. Method: Studies on the short and long-term metabolic effects of diets with different glycemic indices will be presented and discussed. The review will focus primarily on clinical and epidemiological data, and will briefly discuss in vitro and animal studies related to possible mechanisms by which the glycemic index may influence chronic disease.

show abstract

Section: Colorectal Cancermentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Three epidemiological studies have looked at this and found direct associations for colorectal and breast cancer (Slattery et al, 1997;Franceschi et al, 2001;Augustin et al, 2001).…”

Section: Glycemic Index and Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycemic index in chronic disease: a review

et al. 2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The case control studies have found consistent increased risk of a high glycemic load with gastric [12], upper aero digestive tract [13], endometrial [14], ovarian [15], colon or colorectal cancers [16,17]. The prospective studies' results have been mixed.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition and cancer: A review of the evidence for an anti-cancer diet

Donaldson¹

2004

Nutr J

551

344

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It has been estimated that 30–40 percent of all cancers can be prevented by lifestyle and dietary measures alone. Obesity, nutrient sparse foods such as concentrated sugars and refined flour products that contribute to impaired glucose metabolism (which leads to diabetes), low fiber intake, consumption of red meat, and imbalance of omega 3 and omega 6 fats all contribute to excess cancer risk. Intake of flax seed, especially its lignan fraction, and abundant portions of fruits and vegetables will lower cancer risk. Allium and cruciferous vegetables are especially beneficial, with broccoli sprouts being the densest source of sulforophane. Protective elements in a cancer prevention diet include selenium, folic acid, vitamin B-12, vitamin D, chlorophyll, and antioxidants such as the carotenoids (α-carotene, β-carotene, lycopene, lutein, cryptoxanthin). Ascorbic acid has limited benefits orally, but could be very beneficial intravenously. Supplementary use of oral digestive enzymes and probiotics also has merit as anticancer dietary measures. When a diet is compiled according to the guidelines here it is likely that there would be at least a 60–70 percent decrease in breast, colorectal, and prostate cancers, and even a 40–50 percent decrease in lung cancer, along with similar reductions in cancers at other sites. Such a diet would be conducive to preventing cancer and would favor recovery from cancer as well.

show abstract

“…An increased risk of colorectal cancer emerged for high GI (OR 5 1?7) and GL (OR 5 1?8) after allowance for several covariates, including dietary fibres (33) . The OR were higher for colon than rectal cancer.…”

Section: Glycaemic Index and Glycaemic Loadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet and cancer in Mediterranean countries: carbohydrates and fats

Bosetti

Pelucchi

Vecchia

2009

Public Health Nutr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: Several aspects of the diet characteristic of the Mediterranean countries are considered favourable not only on cardiovascular disease, but also on cancer risk. We considered some aspects of the Mediterranean diet (including, in particular, the consumption of olive oil and carbohydrates) on cancer risk. Design, Setting and Subjects: Data were derived from a series of case-control studies, conducted in Italy since the early 1990s, on over 10 000 cases of thirteen cancer sites and over 17 000 controls. Results: Olive oil, and other mono-and unsaturated fats, appear to be favourable indicators of breast, ovarian, colorectal, but mostly of upper aero-digestive tract cancers. Whole grain foods are also related to reduced risk of upper aero-digestive tract and various other cancers. In contrast, refined grain intake and, consequently, glycaemic index and glycaemic load were associated to increased risk for several cancer sites. Fish, and hence a diet rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, tended to be another favourable diet indicator, while frequent red meat intake was directly related to some common neoplasms. An a priori defined Mediterranean diet score was inversely related to upper digestive and respiratory tract cancers. Conclusions: These data provide additional evidence that major characteristics of the Mediterranean diet favourably affect cancer risk.

show abstract

Dietary glycemic load and colorectal cancer risk

Abstract: The positive associations of glycemic index and load with colorectal cancer suggest a detrimental role of refined carbohydrates in the etiology of the disease.

Cited by 201 publications

References 27 publications

Glycemic index in chronic disease: a review

Glycemic index in chronic disease: a review

Nutrition and cancer: A review of the evidence for an anti-cancer diet

Diet and cancer in Mediterranean countries: carbohydrates and fats

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About