Dietary Gluten Intake Is Not Associated With Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in US Adults Without Celiac Disease

Lopes, Emily W.; Lebwohl, Benjamin; Burke, Kristin E.; Ivey, Kerry L.; Ananthakrishnan, Ashwin N.; Lochhead, Paul; Richter, James M.; Ludvigsson, Jonas F.; Willett, Walter C.; Chan, Andrew T.; Khalili, Hamed

doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2021.03.029

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Although almost one-third of the IBD patients suffer from gluten sensitivity, there is no causal relationship between gluten and IBD [ 170 ]. A recent prospective cohort study found that dietary gluten intake was not associated with risk of IBD [ 171 ]. In addition, there have been no prospective studies evaluating the effect of gluten-free diet on the induction and maintenance of IBD and alteration of gut microbiota.…”

Section: Dietary Strategies Alleviating Ibdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Patterns and Gut Microbiota Changes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Current Insights and Future Challenges

Yan

Lei

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a result of a complex interplay between genes, host immune response, gut microbiota, and environmental factors. As one of the crucial environmental factors, diet plays a pivotal role in the modulation of gut microbiota community and the development of IBD. In this review, we present an overview of dietary patterns involved in the pathogenesis and management of IBD, and analyzed the associated gut microbial alterations. A Westernized diet rich in protein, fats and refined carbohydrates tends to cause dysbiosis and promote IBD progression. Some dietary patterns have been found effective in obtaining IBD clinical remission, including Crohn’s Disease Exclusion Diet (CDED), Mediterranean diet (MD), Anti-Inflammatory Diet (AID), the low-“Fermentable Oligo-, Di-, Mono-saccharides and Polyols” (FODMAP) diet, Specific Carbohydrate Diet (SCD), and plant-based diet, etc. Overall, many researchers have reported the role of diet in regulating gut microbiota and the IBD disease course. However, more prospective studies are required to achieve consistent and solid conclusions in the future. This review provides some recommendations for studies exploring novel and potential dietary strategies that prevent IBD.

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Section: Dietary Strategies Alleviating Ibdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Patterns and Gut Microbiota Changes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Current Insights and Future Challenges

Yan

Lei

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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“…41 In aggregate analyses of the Nurses' Health Study, Nurses' Study II, and Health Professionals Follow-up Study, neither dietary gluten or alcohol were found to increase risk of IBD. 42,43 Similar to gluten, caution with dairy products stems from their causal association with nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms (eg, abdominal discomfort, bloating, diarrhea), particularly among individuals who are lactose-intolerant. Although some milk fats (ie, saturated and transsaturated fats and ω-6 PUFAs) may induce inflammation, some data suggest that milk proteins may instead have the inverse effect.…”

Section: Ultraprocessed Foodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interest in alcohol, on the other hand, relates to its detrimental impact on gut membrane permeability and promotion of microbial dysbiosis, both processes which underlie the pathogenesis of IBD 41 . In aggregate analyses of the Nurses' Health Study, Nurses' Study II, and Health Professionals Follow‐up Study, neither dietary gluten or alcohol were found to increase risk of IBD 42,43 …”

Section: Diet For Prevention Of Ibdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventative and therapeutic potential of nutrition for inflammatory bowel diseases: A narrative review

Limketkai,

Rau,

Fasulo

2024

J Parenter Enteral Nutr

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Diet strongly shapes the gut microbiome and metabolome, which in turn influence intestinal inflammation in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Separate from inflammation and malnutrition, diet's direct interactions with the gastrointestinal system can also provoke or attenuate a host of nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms. Given these multifaceted effects of diet on inflammation and symptoms, nutrition has been investigated for its potential roles in the prevention and treatment of IBD. This review presents epidemiological, observational cohort, and clinical trial evidence that underlie our current understanding of nutrition for prevention and treatment of IBD.

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“…In the study by Herwarth et al, the majority of IBD patients following a gluten-free diet reported a less frequent occurrence of symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea and bloating as compared to the patients on a regular diet. Moreover, when on the diet, respondents reported their partial discontinuation of pharmacotherapy due to clinical improvement [ 78 ]. Similar data were also obtained in other studies, in which IBD patients experienced a subjective alleviation of the disease symptoms when following a gluten-free diet, in the absence of diagnosed celiac disease, however, it was not accompanied by an objective improvement in terms of a reduction in CDAI or a reduction in the frequency of disease exacerbations [ 79 , 80 ].…”

Section: Gluten-free Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Theories about them include disorders of the brain–gut axis or the emotional and social consequences of celiac disease diagnosis [ 3 ]. Thus, on the one hand, it has been suggested that a proper diagnosis and implementation of a gluten-free diet, and the absence of gastrointestinal symptoms protect against psychiatric disorders, while on the other hand, the need to adhere to the diet worsens patients’ quality of life, causes social isolation and may itself contribute to mood disorders [ 3 , 78 ].…”

Section: Gluten-free Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Interventions in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

et al. 2022

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Inflammatory bowel disease, which primarily includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, is a group of chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Mainly affecting young people, it is characterized by periods of exacerbation and remission. In recent years, there has been an increase in the prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease worldwide, including Poland. The potential impact of nutrition and selected dietary components that are directly or indirectly involved in the pathogenesis of intestinal lesions in IBD is not fully clear. Evaluating the impact of diet on the course of IBD is very complex due to the fact that regardless of a dietary model adopted, each one is based on consumption of many different food groups which affect one another. However, the growing need to produce dietary recommendations for these patients has prompted the International Organization for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IOIBD) to develop nutrition guidelines for the patients. The present paper characterizes the dietary models most commonly discussed in research studies and their potential impact on IBD activity.

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Dietary Gluten Intake Is Not Associated With Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in US Adults Without Celiac Disease

Cited by 7 publications

References 42 publications

Dietary Patterns and Gut Microbiota Changes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Current Insights and Future Challenges

Dietary Patterns and Gut Microbiota Changes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Current Insights and Future Challenges

Preventative and therapeutic potential of nutrition for inflammatory bowel diseases: A narrative review

Dietary Interventions in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

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