Dietary fiber sources and non-starch polysaccharide-degrading enzymes modify mucin expression and the immune profile of the swine ileum

Vilà, Marta; Trudeau, Michaela P.; Hung, Yuan Tai; Zeng, Zhikai; Urriola, Pedro E; Shurson, Gerald C; Saqui‐Salces, Milena

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0207196

Cited by 36 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Moreover, trans‐EKODE‐(E)‐Ib (also called 12,13‐epoxy‐9‐keto‐10‐trans‐octadecenoic acid) could be related to the inflammation regulation (Vangaveti, Jansen, Kennedya, & Malabu, 2016). As the production of MUC2 was closely associated with immunocytokine (Ferrandis Vila et al., 2018), these four metabolites that had immune‐modulatory function were potential substances enhancing MUC2. But the function of the remaining metabolite (1‐Hydroxytetrahydrocannabinol) is still unknown.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pectin and inulin stimulated the mucus formation at a similar level: An omics‐based comparative analysis

Xie

et al. 2020

Journal of Food Science

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Mucin 2 (MUC2) is the skeleton of colonic mucus that comprises the physical intestinal barrier. Different dietary polysaccharides may affect colonic mucus at different extents. The effect of pectin on MUC2 production is contradictory. To investigate whether and how pectin affected hosts’ colonic mucus, the amount of MUC2 in colon, the cecal, mucosal microbiota, and metabolites profiles were analyzed and compared with inulin. The results showed pectin stimulated the production of MUC2 at a similar level to inulin. Both interventions increased the abundance of cecal Lachnospira and Christensenellaceae_R‐7_group, and enhanced the production of specific metabolites including soyasapogenol B 24‐O‐b‐d‐glucoside, lucyoside Q, trans‐EKODE‐(E)‐Ib, and 1,26‐dicaffeoylhexacosanediol. Additionally, pectin increased the relative abundance (RA) of cecal Lactobacillus, and induced less RA of potentially harmful bacteria such as Helicobacter in mucosal microbiota than inulin. In conclusion, we first reported that pectin and inulin stimulated the mucus formation at a similar level. Two genera of cecal bacteria and four metabolites may play an important role in enhancing the production of MUC2. Moreover, the MUC2 production may be unrelated to several traditional health‐beneficial bacteria; pectin possibly performed as good as or better than the inulin in rats’ gut.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pectin and inulin stimulated the mucus formation at a similar level: An omics‐based comparative analysis

Xie

et al. 2020

Journal of Food Science

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“…TEER measurement and analysis of apical-to-basal transport of fluorescent probes indicated that 2D monolayer of pig, rabbit and bovine organoid cells is an efficient model to study paracellular epithelial permeability [ 16 , 19 , 23 ] (Figure 4 D, Additional file 1 ). Mucin 2, the main gel-forming mucin secreted by goblet cells, is expressed by intestinal organoids from pig, rabbit, horse and cows [ 16 , 19 – 23 , 25 , 27 , 43 ] (Figure 4 E and F). Expression of antimicrobial peptides or Paneth cell markers (REG3G, LYZ) was also detected in pig, horse, cow and rabbit organoids [ 16 , 19 , 22 , 25 , 39 ].…”

Section: Phenotype Of Livestock Intestinal Organoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal organoids in farm animals

Beaumont

Blanc

Cherbuy

et al. 2021

Vet Res

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In livestock species, the monolayer of epithelial cells covering the digestive mucosa plays an essential role for nutrition and gut barrier function. However, research on farm animal intestinal epithelium has been hampered by the lack of appropriate in vitro models. Over the past decade, methods to culture livestock intestinal organoids have been developed in pig, bovine, rabbit, horse, sheep and chicken. Gut organoids from farm animals are obtained by seeding tissue-derived intestinal epithelial stem cells in a 3-dimensional culture environment reproducing in vitro the stem cell niche. These organoids can be generated rapidly within days and are formed by a monolayer of polarized epithelial cells containing the diverse differentiated epithelial progeny, recapitulating the original structure and function of the native epithelium. The phenotype of intestinal organoids is stable in long-term culture and reflects characteristics of the digestive segment of origin. Farm animal intestinal organoids can be amplified in vitro, cryopreserved and used for multiple experiments, allowing an efficient reduction of the use of live animals for experimentation. Most of the studies using livestock intestinal organoids were used to investigate host-microbe interactions at the epithelial surface, mainly focused on enteric infections with viruses, bacteria or parasites. Numerous other applications of farm animal intestinal organoids include studies on nutrient absorption, genome editing and bioactive compounds screening relevant for agricultural, veterinary and biomedical sciences. Further improvements of the methods used to culture intestinal organoids from farm animals are required to replicate more closely the intestinal tissue complexity, including the presence of non-epithelial cell types and of the gut microbiota. Harmonization of the methods used to culture livestock intestinal organoids will also be required to increase the reproducibility of the results obtained in these models. In this review, we summarize the methods used to generate and cryopreserve intestinal organoids in farm animals, present their phenotypes and discuss current and future applications of this innovative culture system of the digestive epithelium.

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“…Ferrandis et al used porcine and murine enteroids to study the role of cytokines (like interleukins (IL)-1β and IL-4) in the regulation of mucin production (i.e. expression of the MUC2 gene) by the epithelium, as dietary fiber and fiber-degrading enzymes in pig feed are known to affect expression of cytokines in the gut [ 74 ]. They found different effects of interleukins in porcine and murine enteroids, which shows the importance of using species-specific in vitro models for the target animal species.…”

Section: Research In Major Livestock and Companion Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organoids: a promising new in vitro platform in livestock and veterinary research

Kar

Wells

Ellen

et al. 2021

Vet Res

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Organoids are self-organizing, self-renewing three-dimensional cellular structures that resemble organs in structure and function. They can be derived from adult stem cells, embryonic stem cells, or induced pluripotent stem cells. They contain most of the relevant cell types with a topology and cell-to-cell interactions resembling that of the in vivo tissue. The widespread and increasing adoption of organoid-based technologies in human biomedical research is testament to their enormous potential in basic, translational- and applied-research. In a similar fashion there appear to be ample possibilities for research applications of organoids from livestock and companion animals. Furthermore, organoids as in vitro models offer a great possibility to reduce the use of experimental animals. Here, we provide an overview of studies on organoids in livestock and companion animal species, with focus on the methods developed for organoids from a variety of tissues/organs from various animal species and on the applications in veterinary research. Current limitations, and ongoing research to address these limitations, are discussed. Further, we elaborate on a number of fields of research in animal nutrition, host-microbe interactions, animal breeding and genomics, and animal biotechnology, in which organoids may have great potential as an in vitro research tool.

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Dietary fiber sources and non-starch polysaccharide-degrading enzymes modify mucin expression and the immune profile of the swine ileum

Cited by 36 publications

References 58 publications

Pectin and inulin stimulated the mucus formation at a similar level: An omics‐based comparative analysis

Pectin and inulin stimulated the mucus formation at a similar level: An omics‐based comparative analysis

Intestinal organoids in farm animals

Organoids: a promising new in vitro platform in livestock and veterinary research

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