Dietary Fat Intake and the Risk of Skin Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Ruan, Liang; Cheng, Shuang-Ping; Zhu, Qingsan

doi:10.1080/01635581.2019.1637910

Cited by 15 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…2, 3). In a majority of SRs of prospective observational studies, total fat intake was not associated with increased risk of ACM, CVD mortality, and several cancer types [14, 16, 17, 24, 27, 37, 39, 44, 46, 55, 62, 64] (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fifteen SRs included exclusively RCTs [18-20, 32, 34, 35, 45, 49-51, 53, 57, 60, 61, 63], 41 SRs solely prospective cohort studies [8, 10-14, 16, 17, 21-31, 33, 37-44, 46-48, 52, 54-56, 58, 59, 62, 64-66], and 3 SRs both study types [9, 15, 36]. The number of studies and participants for the outcomes in a SR varied between 1 [14, 31] and 99 [32] for studies and between 417 [51] and 1,786,537 [23] for participants.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2, 3) [9, 15, 18-20, 32, 34-36, 45, 49-51, 53, 57, 60, 61, 63]. In the SRs of prospective observational studies, the investigated health outcomes included ACM, CVD (CHD and stroke), T2D, hypertension, and different types of cancer (breast, colorectal, endometrial, gastric, lung, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate, skin cancer, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma) [8-17, 21-31, 33, 36-44, 46-48, 52, 54-56, 58, 59, 62, 64-66].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Isocaloric replacement of carbohydrates with stearic acid did not affect blood lipids [35]. In a majority of SRs of prospective observational studies, a higher SFA intake was not associated with risk of ACM, CVD, T2D, and several cancer types [12, 14, 16, 22-25, 27, 36, 37, 39, 46, 62, 64]; however, it was inversely associated with risk of stroke [30, 65] (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Total Dietary Fat Intake, Fat Quality, and Health Outcomes: A Scoping Review of Systematic Reviews of Prospective Studies

et al. 2021

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Introduction: We conducted a scoping review of systematic reviews (SRs) on dietary fat intake and health outcomes in human adults within the context of a position paper by the “International Union of Nutritional Sciences Task force on Dietary Fat Quality” tasked to summarize the available evidence and provide dietary recommendations. Methods: We systematically searched several databases for relevant SRs of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and/or prospective cohort studies published between 2015 and 2019 assessing the association between dietary fat and health outcomes. Results: Fifty-nine SRs were included. The findings from SRs of prospective cohort studies, which frequently compare the highest versus lowest intake categories, found mainly no association of total fat, monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), and saturated fatty acid (SFA) with risk of chronic diseases. SRs of RCTs applying substitution analyses indicate that SFA replacement with PUFA and/or MUFA improves blood lipids and glycemic control, with the effect of PUFA being more pronounced. A higher intake of total trans-fatty acid (TFA), but not ruminant TFA, was probably associated with an increased risk of mortality and cardiovascular disease based on existing SRs. Conclusion: Overall, the available published evidence deems it reasonable to recommend replacement of SFA with MUFA and PUFA and avoidance of consumption of industrial TFA.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Total Dietary Fat Intake, Fat Quality, and Health Outcomes: A Scoping Review of Systematic Reviews of Prospective Studies

et al. 2021

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“…Epidemiological data do not support the hypothesis that a mere decrease in total fat intake would be an effective way to prevent cancer [105,[110][111][112][113] or decrease cancer-specific mortality [114]. On the other hand, it is possible that increased dietary fat content may alter visceral fat even if the energy intake is adequate.…”

Section: Total Fatmentioning

confidence: 98%

Dietary Fat and Cancer—Which Is Good, Which Is Bad, and the Body of Evidence

Bojková

Winklewski

Wszędybył-Winklewska

2020

IJMS

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A high-fat diet (HFD) induces changes in gut microbiota leading to activation of pro-inflammatory pathways, and obesity, as a consequence of overnutrition, exacerbates inflammation, a known risk factor not only for cancer. However, experimental data showed that the composition of dietary fat has a greater impact on the pathogenesis of cancer than the total fat content in isocaloric diets. Similarly, human studies did not prove that a decrease in total fat intake is an effective strategy to combat cancer. Saturated fat has long been considered as harmful, but the current consensus is that moderate intake of saturated fatty acids (SFAs), including palmitic acid (PA), does not pose a health risk within a balanced diet. In regard to monounsaturated fat, plant sources are recommended. The consumption of plant monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), particularly from olive oil, has been associated with lower cancer risk. Similarly, the replacement of animal MUFAs with plant MUFAs decreased cancer mortality. The impact of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on cancer risk depends on the ratio between ω-6 and ω-3 PUFAs. In vivo data showed stimulatory effects of ω-6 PUFAs on tumour growth while ω-3 PUFAs were protective, but the results of human studies were not as promising as indicated in preclinical reports. As for trans FAs (TFAs), experimental data mostly showed opposite effects of industrially produced and natural TFAs, with the latter being protective against cancer progression, but human data are mixed, and no clear conclusion can be made. Further studies are warranted to establish the role of FAs in the control of cell growth in order to find an effective strategy for cancer prevention/treatment.

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Macronutrients and micronutrients in cancer prevention and treatment

Ortega

Campos

2021

Oncological Functional Nutrition

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Dietary Fat Intake and the Risk of Skin Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Cited by 15 publications

References 62 publications

Total Dietary Fat Intake, Fat Quality, and Health Outcomes: A Scoping Review of Systematic Reviews of Prospective Studies

Total Dietary Fat Intake, Fat Quality, and Health Outcomes: A Scoping Review of Systematic Reviews of Prospective Studies

Dietary Fat and Cancer—Which Is Good, Which Is Bad, and the Body of Evidence

Macronutrients and micronutrients in cancer prevention and treatment

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