Dietary Fat and Risk of Postmenopausal Breast Cancer in a 20-year Follow-up

Kim, Esther H.-J.; Willett, Walter C.; Colditz, Graham A.; Hankinson, Susan E.; Stampfer, Meir J.; Hunter, David J.; Rosner, Bernard; Holmes, Michelle D.

doi:10.1093/aje/kwj309

Cited by 88 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The lack of associations with total fat, MUFA, PUFA or SFA is in agreement with many earlier cohort studies (e.g. Kim et al, 2006). However, statistically significant positive associations were recently found for total fat both in a meta-analysis (Boyd et al, 2003) and a cohort study (Thiebaut et al, 2007); also for MUFA, PUFA (Thiebaut et al, 2007) and for SFA in both these studies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The protective effect of MUFA in older women support is consistent with the Swedish mammography cohort on postmenopausal women (Wolk et al, 1998) but not with a nested casecontrol (Wirfalt et al, 2002) and several cohort studies, which, with some exceptions (Holmes et al, 1999;Voorrips et al, 2002), have reported no or even a positive association with MUFA (Velie et al, 2000;Smith-Warner et al, 2001;Boyd et al, 2003;Cho et al, 2003;Kim et al, 2006;Thiebaut et al, 2007). We also found a protective effect of PUFA in older women, as in a few case -control studies (Boyd et al, 2003) but not with any earlier prospective cohorts (Boyd et al, 2003;Kim et al, 2006;Thiebaut et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…We also found a protective effect of PUFA in older women, as in a few case -control studies (Boyd et al, 2003) but not with any earlier prospective cohorts (Boyd et al, 2003;Kim et al, 2006;Thiebaut et al, 2007). Our results suggest that MUFA, PUFA and SFA might have different effects on risk between breast cancer occurring before and after age 50 years, for which no explanation is apparent; further work is indicated.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

“…In the randomised Women's Health Initiative study, the low-fat group showed a significantly lower risk of ER þ and PRÀ breast cancers (Prentice et al, 2006). In contrast, the associations with fat did not differ by ER or PR status in the Nurses' Health Study (Kim et al, 2006).…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Two large prospective US cohorts of postmenopausal women reported no (Kim et al, 2006) and a positive (Thiebaut et al, 2007) association. Conflicting results have also been reported regarding fat subtypes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary fat and breast cancer risk in the Swedish women's lifestyle and health cohort

et al. 2007

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We investigated whether dietary intakes of total fat, monounsaturated fat (MUFA), polyunsaturated fat (PUFA) and saturated fat (SFA) were associated with breast cancer risk in a prospective cohort of 49 261 Swedish women (30 -49 years at enrolment), which yielded 974 breast cancer cases by December 2005. Further, we evaluated if associations differed by oestrogen and/or progesterone receptor tumour status. Total fat, MUFA, PUFA or SFA were not associated with risk overall. However, women in the highest MUFA and PUFA quintile intake had a reduced breast cancer risk after age 50 years (hazard ratios: 95% confidence interval ¼ 0.45: 0.25 -0.99 and 0.54: 0.35 -0.85, respectively) compared to women in the lowest quintile. The associations did not differ by oestrogen or progesterone receptor status. Despite the negative findings, type of fat during premenopausal years may have later differential effects on risk.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

mentioning

confidence: 90%

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confidence: 99%

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Dietary fat and breast cancer risk in the Swedish women's lifestyle and health cohort

et al. 2007

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Nutritional and Health Aspects of Olive Oil and Diseases

Lenart¹,

Kiritsakis²,

Willett³

2017

Olives and Olive Oil as Functional Foods

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Dietary total fat and fatty acids intake, serum fatty acids and risk of breast cancer: A meta‐analysis of prospective cohort studies

Cao

Hou

Wang

2015

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Results from prospective cohort studies on the association between dietary total fat and fatty acids intake and risk of breast cancer remain controversial. Pertinent prospective cohort studies were identified by a search of Embase and PubMed from inception to September 2015. Study-specific relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals were pooled using a randomeffect model. Between-study heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed, and sensitivity analysis was conducted. Twenty-four independent studies on dietary total fat and fatty acids intake and seven studies on serum fatty acids were included. The pooled RR of breast cancer for the highest vs. lowest category of dietary total fat intake was 1.10 (1.02-1.19); however, no association was observed in studies adjusting for traditional risk factors of breast cancer. No association was observed between animal fat, vegetable fat, saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), n-3 PUFA, n-6 PUFA, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and arachidonic acid and risk of breast cancer. The pooled RRs of breast cancer for the highest vs. lowest category of serum SFA, MUFA, PUFA, n-3 PUFA and n-6 PUFA were 1.00 (0.78-1.28), 1.41 (0.99-2.03), 0.59 (0.27-1.30), 0.81 (0.60-1.10) and 0.84 (0.60-1.18), respectively. Results from this meta-analysis suggested that dietary total fat and fatty acids might be not associated with risk of breast cancer.Worldwide, breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among females, accounting for 25% of all cancer cases and 15% of all cancer deaths among females. 1 In China, breast cancer is now the most common cancer in females and the incidence is increasing, 2 and the current age-standardized 5-year relative survival for female breast cancer is 73.0%. 3 Several modifiable causes of breast cancer have been established, including radiation exposure, alcohol, postmenopausal obesity, lack of physical activity and postmenopausal hormone therapy with estrogen plus progestins. 4 While there continues to be interest in whether fat intake may influence breast cancer risk, 5 the most recent report from the World Cancer Research Fund/ American Institute for Cancer Research concluded that although a statistically significant positive association between fat intake and breast cancer was found in case-control studies, evidence from prospective cohort studies was still not consistent. 6 Furthermore, the varying role that different types of individual fatty acids might have on breast cancer risk deserves further investigation. 6 Relative to case-control studies, prospective cohort studies do not suffer from recall bias and are anticipated to be less likely to have selection bias. In addition, prospective cohort studies are also believed to provide better evidence for causality because fat and fatty acids consumption precedes breast cancer incidence. Considering results from recent prospective ...

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Dietary Fat and Risk of Postmenopausal Breast Cancer in a 20-year Follow-up

Cited by 88 publications

References 34 publications

Dietary fat and breast cancer risk in the Swedish women's lifestyle and health cohort

Dietary fat and breast cancer risk in the Swedish women's lifestyle and health cohort

Nutritional and Health Aspects of Olive Oil and Diseases

Dietary total fat and fatty acids intake, serum fatty acids and risk of breast cancer: A meta‐analysis of prospective cohort studies

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