Dietary fat alters membrane composition in rod outer segments in normal and diabetic rats: Impact on content of very-long-chain (C ⩾ 24) polyenoic fatty acids

Suh, Miyoung; Wierzbicki, A.; Clandinin, M. T.

doi:10.1016/0005-2760(94)90009-4

Cited by 38 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…There is no doubt that the low intakes of fish, the main source of n 3 FAs, by Mosuli population (according to the social habit or because of its high price or unpleasant odour) are associated with decreasing the level of n 3 FAs in the blood and breast-milk. AA, C 20:4 n 6 , and DHA, C 22:6 n 3 , are the most representative LCPUFAs as they affect infant growth and development and they are found abundantly in the brain, the retina and other nervous tissues (Suh et al, 1994;Ambartsumyan, 1998;Agostoni et al, 1999). Among the three studied groups, HU mothers showed the highest level of AA and DHA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The influence of Iraqi mothers' socioeconomic status on their milk-lipid content

Al-Tamer

Mahmood

2006

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objective: To investigate the lipid content and fatty acid (FA) composition, especially n 3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n 3 LCPUFAs) of mature breast-milk of Iraqi mothers and their relation to the socioeconomic status of the mothers. Design: A collection of mature breast-milk of mothers with three different socioeconomic status (lactation period 571 month). Setting: Mosul province (in the north of Iraq). Subjects: Mature breast-milk samples were obtained from a group of 20-to 35-year-old mothers with different socioeconomic status: high urban (HU, n ¼ 25), low urban (LU, n ¼ 15) and typical suburban (SU, n ¼ 25). Procedure: Mature-milk samples were collected from each lactating mother. The lipid components of each sample, namely triglycerides (TGs), cholesterol (C) and phospholipids (PLs) were determined enzymatically. After their separation and esterification, FAs were determined as FA methyl esters by capillary gas chromatography. Results: The percentages of n 3 LCPUFAs were 0.4870.025, 0.3770.029 and 0.3870.018% for HU, LU and SU mothers, respectively. The amount of TGs, the major component of milk lipid, was 5.6470.24, 5.2171.61 and 3.2170.92 g/100 ml for HU, SU and LU mothers, respectively. The milk-lipid content varied with the socioeconomic status. Conclusion: The socioeconomic status of lactating mothers affected the lipid content and FA composition, especially the level of n 3 LCPUFAs (the very important structural constituents of the retina, brain and other nervous tissues). Mature breast-milk for the studied groups was low in n 3 LCPUFAs compared with that of mothers from developed countries and that recommended by WHO for optimum infant nutrition. Sponsorship: Supported by grants from Department of Chemistry, University of Mosul. The analysis of FA methyl ester samples was performed at the National

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The influence of Iraqi mothers' socioeconomic status on their milk-lipid content

Al-Tamer

Mahmood

2006

Eur J Clin Nutr

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“…In PT human infants, adding DHA to milk formula seems to improve the delayed recovery of dark-adapted electroretinogram and visual acuity (Suh et al, 1994;Agostoni et al, 1999;Ambartsumyan, 1998). In the present study, the level of arachidonic acid, C20:4 n6, was slightly lower in the FT-colostrum than in the PT-colostrum, but its level was higher than that reported in other studies (Jensen, 1999).…”

Section: Mother Colostrum Fatty-acid Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty-acid composition of the colostrum and serum of fullterm and preterm delivering Iraqi mothers

Al-Tamer

Mahmood

2004

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objective: To determine the lipid components of colostrum and the fatty-acid (FA) composition of the colostrum and serum of Iraqi mothers, whether their delivery be fullterm (FT) or preterm (PT). Design: A collection of colostrum and serum samples of FT and PT delivering Iraqi mothers. Setting: Mosul province (in the north of Iraq). Subjects: Colostrum and blood samples were obtained from FT and PT delivering mothers; their gestation periods were 39.2 and 32.7 weeks, respectively (age 20-40 y). Procedures: Colostrum and serum samples were collected from each lactating mother. The nursing period was 3-5 days. The lipid components of colostrum, namely triglycerides (TGs) and cholesterol (C), were determined enzymatically and the phospholipids (PLs) were determined by using a colorimetric method based on the formation of a phosphomolybdate complex. The FA composition of colostrum and serum was determined by capillary gas chromatography. Results: Compared to PT colostrum, FT colostrum exhibited a significant increase in lipid content, viz. TGs (P ¼ 0.022); a significant decrease in medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs), viz. C12 and C14 (P ¼ 0.03 and 0.005, respectively); no significant differences in monounsaturated fatty acids and a significant increase in C20:5 n3 and C22:6 n3 (P ¼ 0.001 and 0.05, respectively) and a slight increase in the level of n3/n6. The FA composition of the mother serum was found to mimic that of their colostrum, except for the level of MCFAs which was higher in the colostrum. Conclusions: The lipid content, the percentage of C22:6 n3 (the most important FA) and the level of n3/n6 in PT colostrum were lower than those in FT colostrum. They may be affected by serum lipid and immaturity of the mammary gland. Generally, the level of n3/n6 for both groups (0.09 and 0.08) is lower than that recommended by WHO (0.1) for infants' optimum nutrition. The difference in the level of MCFAs between the mother serum and colostrum reflects their de novo synthesis in the mammary gland. Sponsorship: Supported by Grants from Department of Chemistry, College of Education, University of Mosul. The analysis of fatty acid-methyl ester samples was performed at the National

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“…Lipid contents of graft and native heart tissues were extracted according to Folch et al (13). Thin-layer chromatography with G-silica gel (20 ϫ 20 cm) was used to separate phospholipids, cholesterol, TG, and monoglyceride as previously described (48). The plates were visualized with 0.01% (wt/vol) aniline-naphthalene-sulfonic acid in water and then quantified by using the Fluorochem FC digital imaging system (Alpha Innotech, San Leandro, CA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of the effects of fish oil and flaxseed oil on cardiac allograft chronic rejection in rats

Othman

Suh²,

Fischer³

et al. 2008

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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Dietary fat alters membrane composition in rod outer segments in normal and diabetic rats: Impact on content of very-long-chain (C ⩾ 24) polyenoic fatty acids

Cited by 38 publications

References 39 publications

The influence of Iraqi mothers' socioeconomic status on their milk-lipid content

The influence of Iraqi mothers' socioeconomic status on their milk-lipid content

Fatty-acid composition of the colostrum and serum of fullterm and preterm delivering Iraqi mothers

A comparison of the effects of fish oil and flaxseed oil on cardiac allograft chronic rejection in rats

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