Dietary factors and risk of lung cancer in never‐smokers

Nyberg, Fredrik; Agrenius, Veronica; Svartengren, Katharina; Svensson, Christer; Pershagen, Göran

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19981109)78:4<430::aid-ijc7>3.3.co;2-r

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…There are few studies that adjusted for dietary factors and environmental exposures (such as second-hand smoke and occupational exposures). Although somewhat controversial, dietary factors such as red meat consumption, fat intake, and intake of fruits and vegetables have also been linked to lung cancer risk (47)(48)(49)(50)(51). Furthermore, consumption of a specific type of alcohol may be related to certain dietary patterns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between Beer, Wine, and Liquor Consumption and Lung Cancer Risk: A Meta-analysis

Chao

2007

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Objective: Epidemiologic studies suggest that the effect on lung cancer risk may be different for beer, wine, and liquor. We conducted dose-specific meta-analyses and dose-response meta-regression to summarize findings from the current literature on the association between consumption of beer, wine, or liquor and lung cancer risk. Results: Average beer consumption of one drink or greater per day was associated with an increased risk of lung cancer [relative risk (RR), 1.23; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.06-1.41]. This association was observed in both men and women, although it was only significant in men. A J-shaped dose-response curve was suggested for beer intake. An inverse association was observed for both average wine consumption of less than one drink per day (RR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.59-1.00) and one drink or greater per day (RR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.60-1.02) in the drinking range incurred in the source studies.Average liquor consumption of one drink or greater per day was found to be associated with increased risk in men (RR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.10-1.62). No association was observed for liquor drinking in women. The presence of heterogeneity between studies was detected. Study design, country, gender, adjustment factors, and lung cancer histologic type were not significant predictors of the heterogeneity. Conclusions:The results from this meta-analysis suggest that high consumption of beer and liquors may be associated with increased lung cancer risk, whereas modest wine consumption may be inversely associated with risk. More research with improved control of confounding is needed to confirm these findings and to establish the dose-response relationship, particularly risk at high consumption levels. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16(11):2436 -47)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between Beer, Wine, and Liquor Consumption and Lung Cancer Risk: A Meta-analysis

Chao

2007

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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“…For 18 evaluated case-control studies on vegetable consumption, (129)(130)(131)(132)(133)135,137,139,140,143,145,147,(149)(150)(151)(152)(153)(154) the mean relative risk was 0.69 and the range was 0.30-1.49 (Fig. 20).…”

Section: Lungmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fruit and Vegetables in Cancer Prevention

Vainio¹,

Weiderpass²

2006

Nutrition and Cancer

231

145

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Our aim was to review the epidemiological literature on possible cancer-preventive effects of the consumption of fruits and vegetables in humans, to quantify the effect of high versus low consumption of fruits and vegetables, and to give an overall assessment of the existing evidence. We based our work on an expert meeting conducted by the International Agency for Research on Cancer in 2003. A qualitative reading and evaluation of relevant articles on the cancer-preventive effect of the consumption of fruits and vegetables was made followed by the calculation of the mean relative risk and range for cohort and case-control studies separately. The possible population-preventable fraction for modifying diet in relation to fruit and vegetable consumption was calculated as well as an overall statement about the degree of evidence for the cancer-preventive effect of fruit and vegetable consumption for each cancer site. There is limited evidence for a cancer-preventive effect of the consumption of fruits and vegetables for cancer of the mouth and pharynx, esophagus, stomach, colon-rectum, larynx, lung, ovary (vegetables only), bladder (fruit only), and kidney. There is inadequate evidence for a cancer-preventive effect of the consumption of fruits and vegetables for all other sites. Applying this range of risk difference to the range of prevalence of low intake, the preventable fraction for low fruit and vegetable intake would fall into the range of 5-12%. It is important to recognize that this is only a crude range of estimates and that the proportion of cancers that might be preventable by increasing fruit and vegetable intake may vary beyond this range for specific cancer sites and across different regions of the world.

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“…Among women, consumption of milk may decrease risk of colorectal cancer (1) and cervical cancer (2), but have no effect on breast cancer e.g., (3)-4) or endometrial cancer (4). Results for lung cancer are quite mixed, with some studies suggesting risk reduction e.g., (5) or risk enhancement e.g., (6) that may vary by gender (7) or the histology of the tumor (8). A recent review on ovarian cancer concluded that consumption of low-fat milk is protective (9), but a pooled analysis of 12 cohort studies observed an elevated risk associated with increased lactose intake (10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unpasteurized milk consumption and subsequent risk of cancer

Sellers

Vierkant

Djeu

et al. 2008

Cancer Causes Control

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Concerns have been raised regarding the possible adverse health effects of consumption of unpasteurized milk and risk of cancer. We examined the association of self-reported intake of unpasteurized milk with subsequent risk of cancer in a large population-based cohort study. The Iowa Women's Health Study is a prospective cohort study of 55-69 year old women at baseline in 1986. Of the 41,836 women in the cohort at baseline, 22,808 cancer-free women completed the fourth follow-up questionnaire in 1997. Risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Reported intake of unpasteurized milk was high: 59.2% consumed only as a child, 2.5% consumed only as an adult, and 16.5% consumed as a child and an adult. A total of 2,379 cancers were identified in the cohort at risk. Overall, the age-adjusted risk of cancer was lower among women who reported consumption of unpasteurized milk only as a child (RR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.82-0.99) or as a child and an adult (RR = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.75-0.97). Adjustment for confounding factors attenuated these associations (RR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.83-1.02 for consumption only as a child, and RR = 0.91; 95% CI: 0.79-1.04 for consumption as a child and an adult). These data suggest that consumption of unpasteurized milk does not increase risk of cancer.

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Dietary factors and risk of lung cancer in never‐smokers

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Associations between Beer, Wine, and Liquor Consumption and Lung Cancer Risk: A Meta-analysis

Associations between Beer, Wine, and Liquor Consumption and Lung Cancer Risk: A Meta-analysis

Fruit and Vegetables in Cancer Prevention

Unpasteurized milk consumption and subsequent risk of cancer

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