Dietary Factors and Cognitive Function in Poor Urban Settings

Wright, Regina; Gerassimakis, C; Bygrave, Desiree; Waldstein, Shari R.

doi:10.1007/s13668-017-0186-x

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…Such findings substantiate the provocative contention that VitE also is a nutrient of similar status and significance, both for the fetal brain and for long-term cognitive function, and provide evidence to encourage future reevaluation of recommended VitE intake levels to promote optimal neurodevelopment and cognitive health in humans. Currently, there is only limited information available on the role of VitE in miscarriage [2,65] and cognitive function [66,67] in humans. Clearly, more research is needed in this area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin E deficiency during embryogenesis in zebrafish causes lasting metabolic and cognitive impairments despite refeeding adequate diets

McDougall

Choi

Truong

et al. 2017

Free Radical Biology and Medicine

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Vitamin E (α-tocopherol; VitE) is a lipophilic antioxidant required for normal embryonic development in vertebrates, but the long-term effects of embryonic VitE deficiency, and whether they are ameliorated by feeding VitE−adequate diets, remain unknown. We addressed these questions using a zebrafish (Danio rerio) model of developmental VitE deficiency followed by dietary remediation. Adult zebrafish maintained on VitE−deficient (E−) or sufficient (E+) diets were spawned to obtained E− and E+ embryos, respectively, which we evaluated up to 12 days post-fertilization (dpf). The E− group suffered significantly increased morbidity and mortality as well as altered DNA methylation status through 5 dpf when compared to E+ larvae, but upon feeding with a VitE-adequate diet from 5–12 dpf both the E− and E+ groups survived and grew normally; the DNA methylation profile also was similar between groups by 12 dpf. However, 12 dpf E− larvae still had behavioral defects. These observations coincided with sustained VitE deficiency in the E− vs. E+ larvae (p< 0.0001), despite adequate dietary supplementation. We also found in E− vs. E+ larvae continued docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) depletion (p< 0.0001) and significantly increased lipid peroxidation. Further, targeted metabolomics analyses revealed persistent dysregulation of the cellular antioxidant network, the CDP-choline pathway, and glucose metabolism. While anaerobic processes were increased, aerobic metabolism was decreased in the E− vs. E+ larvae, indicating mitochondrial damage. Taken together, these outcomes suggest embryonic VitE deficiency causes lasting behavioral impairments due to persistent lipid peroxidation and metabolic perturbations that are not resolved via later dietary VitE supplementation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin E deficiency during embryogenesis in zebrafish causes lasting metabolic and cognitive impairments despite refeeding adequate diets

McDougall

Choi

Truong

et al. 2017

Free Radical Biology and Medicine

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“…The economic benefits of investing in nutrition have been clearly demonstrated. Poor nutrition affects economic productivity both directly -such as through low work performance in undernourished worker [35], and indirectly such as via effects on individual cognitive performance [36] and academic achievement [37]. Although nutrition was acknowledged rhetorically by non-health actors from government and industry, it was argued that nutrition regulation, particularly of UPF may conflict with the current investment policy directions which promote modern food production and processing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards reconciling population nutrition goals and investment policy in Thailand: understanding how investment policy actors defined, framed and prioritised nutrition

et al. 2022

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Background Government’s investment policy is an important driver of food system activities, which in turn influence consumers practices, dietary consumption patterns and nutrition-related health of populations. While governments globally have committed to developing coherent public policies to advance population nutrition, the objectives of investment policies are seen as being divorced from nutrition and health goals. This study aimed to examine investment policy in Thailand and explore how key actors variously define and frame their objectives in food investment policy, how nutrition issues are represented by the actors, and what discursive effects of the nutrition results were represented within the field of investment in Thailand. Methods This study conducted semi-structured interviews with 16 actors (from 23 recruited actors) from government, civil society, academia and industry. A coding framework was developed based on Bacchi’s analytical framework encapsulated in the question “What’s the problem represented to be?” which examines the problem and assumptions underlying a policy. Data coding was first undertaken by a lead researcher and then double-coded and cross-checked by research team. Disagreements were resolved with discussion until consensus was achieved. The interview data were analysed using thematic analysis. Results The principal “problem” represented in food investment policy in Thailand was the perceived irrelevance of nutrition to governmental commitments towards increasing productivity and economic growth. Technological innovation in food production and processing such as ultra-processed foods was perceived as a key driver of economic growth. The key assumption underlying this representation was the primacy of a “productivist” policy paradigm, via which the government focuses on industrially driven food and agriculture and expansion to increase productivity and economic growth. This entails that the nutrition needs of Thai people are silenced and remain unacknowledged in investment policy contexts, and also does not take cognisance of the term “nutrition” and its importance to economic growth. Conclusion The findings show that nutrition was not perceived as a political priority for the government and other investment actors. Promoting productivity and economic growth were clearly positioned as the primary purposes of investment within the dominant discourse. Nutrition regulation, particularly of UPF, may conflict with current investment policy directions which prioritise development of modern food production and processing. The study suggests that comprehensive policy communication about nutrition and food classification is needed.

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“…Diet quality may impact cognitive capacities, including learning and memory of the immature and adult brain (Reichelt, Westbrook, Morris, 2017). Poor eating habits are associated with decreased performance in various cognitive domains (Wright, Gerassimakis, Bygrave, Waldstein, 2017), which may be partially explained by ethanol neurotoxicity (Brust, 2010), increased brain inflammation promoted by high fat (Pistell et al, 2010) and high sugar diets (Yeomans, 2017). The western pattern diet, which is typically high in refined sugars and cereals, sodium, saturated fats and alcohol (Statovci, Aguilera, MacSharry, Melgar, 2017), may predispose to obesity, is linked to an overall decrease in cognitive function, and may have a negative influence in the hippocampus, which is implicated in memorization and learning (Morris, Beilharz, Maniam, Reichelt, Westbrook, 2015).…”

Section: Diet-related Aspects Influence On Cognition Diet Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emergence of eSports Nutrition: A Review

Ribeiro

Viana

Borges

et al. 2021

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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Peak cognitive performance is of paramount importance for the sports and competitive activities that depend on a high level of cognitive performance, such as eSports. The popularity of eSports has increased rapidly in recent years and will probably continue to rise in the forthcoming years. Above all, eSports practitioners require higher levels of cognitive abilities and motor skills for optimal performance and may benefit from adequate body composition and proper nutrition, as happens with more traditional athletes. However, there is a noticeable shortage of scientific knowledge in this area, including in nutritional-related aspects. Therefore, the objective of this non-systematic review is to summarize the nutritional strategies that may enhance health, cognitive performance, decrease reaction time and minimize fatigue. This information may be relevant for eSports competitors and set a base for further investigations, which could ultimately lead to the establishment of nutritional recommendations specific for this competitive population.

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Dietary Factors and Cognitive Function in Poor Urban Settings

Cited by 10 publications

References 92 publications

Vitamin E deficiency during embryogenesis in zebrafish causes lasting metabolic and cognitive impairments despite refeeding adequate diets

Vitamin E deficiency during embryogenesis in zebrafish causes lasting metabolic and cognitive impairments despite refeeding adequate diets

Towards reconciling population nutrition goals and investment policy in Thailand: understanding how investment policy actors defined, framed and prioritised nutrition

The Emergence of eSports Nutrition: A Review

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