Dietary Exposure to Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Dioxins from Infancy Until Adulthood: A Comparison between Breast-Feeding, Toddler, and Long-Term Exposure

Patandin, Svati; Dagnelie, Pieter C.; Mulder, Paul; Coul, Eline Op de; Veen, Juul E. van der; Weisglas‐Kuperus, Nynke; Sauer, Pieter

doi:10.2307/3434288

Cited by 39 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The assumption is often made that diet represents the main route of exposure to PCBs and dioxins. Dairy products are major sources of PCBs and dioxinlike compounds (31). In accordance with studies in The Netherlands (31), we found in single-regression analysis significant and positive correlations between the serum concentration of PCBs and the intake of milk products or total fat.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Host and environmental determinants of polychlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons in serum of adolescents.

Nawrot

Staessen

Hond

et al. 2002

Environ Health Perspect

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This study investigated host factors and environmental factors as potential determinants of polychlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons (PCAHs) in serum of adolescents. We recruited 200 participants (80 boys and 120 girls), with a mean age of 17.4 years (SD, 0.8), in Belgium from a rural control area (Peer) and from two polluted suburbs of Antwerp where a nonferrous smelter (Hoboken) and waste incinerators (Wilrijk) are located. We quantified polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs; congeners 138, 153, and 180) in serum by gas chromatography and obtained the toxic equivalents (TEQs) of PCAHs in serum with the chemically activated luciferase gene expression bioassay (CALUX). Serum PCB concentration was higher in boys than in girls (1.67 vs. 1.02 nmol/L or 377 vs. 210 pmol/g serum lipids; p< 0.001). In the whole adolescent group, multiple regression showed that serum PCB concentration decreased 0.06 nmol/L per 1% increase in body fat content (p< 0.001) and increased 0.39 nmol/L and 0.14 nmol/L per 1 mmol/L increase in serum concentrations of triglycerides (p < 0.001) and cholesterol (p = 0.002), respectively. Host factors explained 44% of the serum PCB variance. In the same model, serum PCB concentration increased 0.14 nmol/L with 10 weeks of breast-feeding (p< 0.001) and 0.06 nmol/L with intake of 10 g animal fat per day (p < 0.001), and was associated with residence in the waste incinerator area (9% higher; p = 0.04); 11% of the variance could be explained by these environmental factors. The geometric mean of the serum TEQ value was similar in boys and girls (0.15 TEQ ng/L or 33.0 pg/g serum lipids). In multiple regression, TEQ in serum decreased 0.03 ng/L per centimeter increase in triceps skinfold (p = 0.006) and was 29% higher in subjects living close to the nonferrous smelter (p < 0.001). This study showed that in 16- to 18-year-old teenagers host factors are important determinants of serum concentrations of PCAHs, whereas environmentally related determinants may to some extent contribute independently to human exposure to these persistent chemicals in the environment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Host and environmental determinants of polychlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons in serum of adolescents.

Nawrot

Staessen

Hond

et al. 2002

Environ Health Perspect

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“…Butler Walker et al, 2006;Butler Walker et al, 2003;Dallaire et al, 2003;Hamel et al, 2003;Osman et al, 2000) All of the measured OCs in our study are stored in fat tissue over many years and have fairly long half-lives ranging between 5 and 15 years for PCBs, 4 to 12 years for dioxins/furans (Patandin et al, 1999), 9 years for p,p′-DDE (Hunter et al, 1997) and about 3 to 4 years for HCB (Pierik et al, 2007). In pregnant women, the mobilization of these pollutants can be enhanced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Organochlorine and heavy metals in newborns: Results from the Flemish Environment and Health Survey (FLEHS 2002–2006)

Koppen

Hond

Nelen

et al. 2009

Environment International

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a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f oTo collect regional information on internal levels of pollutants in humans in Flanders, 1196 mother-child pairs were systematically recruited in 2002-2003 via 25 maternities across Flanders. Cd, Pb, PCB congeners 118, 170, 138, 153 and 180, p,p′-DDE -a key metabolite of DDT-and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) were measured in cord blood or plasma. Cd was detected in 64% of the samples (geometric mean 0.21 µg/L cord blood). p,p′-DDE (110 ng/g plasma lipids) and Pb (14.7 µg/L blood), were measurable in nearly all samples. The individual PCB congeners could be detected in 40 to 81% of the newborns (138 + 153 + 180 = 64.4 ng/g plasma lipids). HCB (18.9 ng/g plasma lipids) and dioxin-like compounds measured by DR-CALUX® (23 pg CALUX-TEQ/g lipids) were above detection limit in more than 75% of the samples. Age and smoking habits of the mothers, did not influence the cord blood Pb and Cd levels. The organochlorines increased 4 to 9% per year of the mother's age (partial R 2 = 0.05 to 0.22). Mothers had 2.6% less PCBs in cord blood (partial R 2 = 0.02) for each unit increase in pre-pregnancy BMI. Season of delivery, breastfeeding previous children or consumption of local dairy products, were minor determinants. Up to 20% of the variability in organochlorine concentrations was explained by residence area. It was concluded that the place of birth in Flanders is an important determinant of the load of pollutants measured at the start of life. This underlines the validity of human biomonitoring on (relatively) small geographical scale.

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“…Fetuses and nursing infants receive significant exposures to POPs as well as the largest body burdens (Hooper and McDonald 2000). Prenatal and lactation exposure appears to be an important source of the adverse health effects of POPs seen in infants, such as cognitive motor deficits (Patandin et al 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls, hexachlorobenzene, and chlordanes in mothers of men with testicular cancer.

Hardell

Bavel

Lindström

et al. 2003

Environ Health Perspect

195

163

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An increasing incidence of testicular cancer has been reported from several countries in the Western world during the last decades. According to current hypothesis, testicular cancer is initiated during the fetal period, and exposure to endocrine disruptors, i.e., xenoestrogens, has been of concern. In this investigation we studied the concentrations of the sum of 38 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), p,p´-dichlorodiphenyl-dichloroethylene, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and chlordanes, in 61 cases with testicular cancer and 58 age-matched controls. Furthermore, case and control mothers were also asked to participate, and 44 case mothers and 45 control mothers agreed. They were of similar age. In cases only the concentration on lipid basis of cis-nonachlordane was significantly increased, whereas case mothers showed significantly increased concentrations of the sum of PCBs, HCB, trans-and cis-nonachlordane, and the sum of chlordanes. Among case mothers the sum of PCBs yielded an odds ratio (OR) of 3.8; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.4-10 was calculated using the median concentration for the control mothers as cutoff value. For HCB, OR = 4.4 (95% CI, 1.7-12); for trans-nonachlordane, OR = 4.1 (95% CI, 1.5-11); for cis-nonachlordane, OR = 3.1 (95% CI, 1.2-7.8); and for sum of chlordanes, OR = 1.9 (95% CI, 0.7-5.0). No consistent different risk pattern was found for seminoma or nonseminoma testicular cancer.

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Dietary Exposure to Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Dioxins from Infancy Until Adulthood: A Comparison between Breast-Feeding, Toddler, and Long-Term Exposure

Cited by 39 publications

References 22 publications

Host and environmental determinants of polychlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons in serum of adolescents.

Host and environmental determinants of polychlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons in serum of adolescents.

Organochlorine and heavy metals in newborns: Results from the Flemish Environment and Health Survey (FLEHS 2002–2006)

Increased concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls, hexachlorobenzene, and chlordanes in mothers of men with testicular cancer.

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