Dietary Energy Concentration Effect on Performance of White Leghorn Hens at Various Densities in Cages

Carew, L. B.; Foss, D. C.; Bee, David E.

doi:10.3382/ps.0591090

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…by 9.0% in laying hens fed the low-energy and low-nutrient-density diets compared with hens fed the high-energy and high-nutrient-density diets, which is in agreement with Harms et al (2000), who reported that hens fed the low-energy diet (2,519 kcal ME/kg) consumed 8.5% more feed than hens fed the control diet (2,798 kcal ME/kg). Similar results that showed a decrease in feed intake as ME levels increased were reported by Carew et al (1980) and Jackson and Waldrup (1988). In contrast, Jalal et al (2006) reported no effects of dietary ME level on feed intake in laying hens.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Effects of probiotic supplementation in different energy and nutrient density diets on performance, egg quality, excreta microflora, excreta noxious gas emission, and serum cholesterol concentrations in laying hens

Zhang

Kim

2013

Journal of Animal Science

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This 6-wk study was conducted to determine the effects of probiotic (Enterococcus faecium DSM 7134) supplementation of different energy and nutrient density diets on performance, egg quality, excreta microflora, excreta noxious gas emission, and serum cholesterol concentrations in laying hens. A total of 432 Hy-Line brown layers (40 wk old) were allotted into 4 dietary treatments with 2 levels of probiotic supplementation (0 or 0.01%) and 2 levels of energy (2,700 or 2,800 kcal ME/kg) and nutrient density. Weekly feed intake, egg quality, and daily egg production were determined. Eighteen layers per treatment (2 layers/replication) were bled to determine serum cholesterol concentrations at wk 3 and 6. Excreta microbial shedding of Lactobacillus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella and noxious gas emission were determined at the end of the experiment. Hens fed the high-energy and high-nutrient-density diets had less (P < 0.01) ADFI than those fed the low-energy and low-nutrient-density diets throughout the experimental period. During wk 4 to 6 and overall, hens fed the diets supplemented with the probiotic had greater (P < 0.01) egg production, egg weight, and eggshell thickness than hens fed the diets without the probiotic. Dietary supplementation of the probiotic increased (P = 0.01) excreta Lactobacillus counts and decreased (P = 0.02) Escherichia coli counts compared with hens fed the diets without the probiotic. The excreta ammonia emission was decreased (P = 0.02) in hens fed the probiotic diets compared with hens fed the diets without the probiotic. Serum total cholesterol concentration was decreased (P < 0.01) by feeding hens with the probiotic at wk 3 and 6. Layers fed the probiotic-incorporated diets had greater (P < 0.01) high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and lower (P = 0.03) low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentrations than hens fed the nonsupplemented diets at wk 6. Interactive effects (P < 0.05) of energy and nutrient density and the probiotic on excreta Lactobacillus counts and serum HDL cholesterol concentration were observed at wk 6. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of 0.01% probiotic improved egg production and egg quality and decreased excreta ammonia emission. The use of a probiotic in the high-energy and high-nutrient-density diets may be more favorable than the low-energy and low-nutrient-density diets in laying hens.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Effects of probiotic supplementation in different energy and nutrient density diets on performance, egg quality, excreta microflora, excreta noxious gas emission, and serum cholesterol concentrations in laying hens

Zhang

Kim

2013

Journal of Animal Science

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“…Por outro lado, SUGAHARA (1993), utilizando níveis inferiores de EM, não verificou diferença no consumo de ração. De forma semelhante ao ocorrido nesse trabalho, CAREW et al (1980) não verificaram variações significativas no consumo de EM, embora o consumo Tabela 1 -Composição percentual e níveis nutricionais das dietas experimentais A produção de ovos (Tabela 2) apresentou interação entre os níveis de EM e vitamina D no primeiro período experimental, cujo desdobramento dos tratamentos (não demonstrado) evidenciou efeito benéfico sobre essa característica, quando as galinhas receberam 2500 UI de vitamina D em associação com 3100 kcal de EM/kg de ração. Para todo o período experimental, observou-se que não ocorreram interação, nem diferenças entre os tratamentos.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Alguns trabalhos foram desenvolvidos com a finalidade de avaliar a influência de diferentes níveis de EM sobre o desempenho e a qualidade da casca dos ovos de poedeiras. CAREW et al (1980) administraram ra-ções contendo 2737, 3003 e 3322 kcal de EM/kg para poedeiras de 21 até 73 semanas de idade, verificando decréscimo no consumo de ração, à medida que aumentava o nível energético da ração, embora o consumo de EM tenha sido similar. As características produção e peso dos ovos e resistência à quebra também não foram afetadas.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Influência de diferentes níveis de energia, vitamina D3 e relação sódio:cloro sobre o desempenho e a qualidade da casca dos ovos de poedeiras comerciais

et al. 2000

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RESUMO - Este experimento foi realizado com o objetivo de verificar a influência de diferentes níveis de energia, vitamina D3 e relação sódio:cloro sobre o desempenho e a qualidade da casca dos ovos e de determinados constituintes sangüíneos, em 192 galinhas Hy-Line W36, com 72 semanas de idade, distribuídas em 48 unidades experimentais com quatro aves cada. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente ao acaso em arranjo fatorial (3 x 2 x 2), níveis de energia metabolizável (2900, 3000 e 3100 kcal/kg), níveis de vitamina D3 (500 e 2500 UI/kg) e relação sódio:cloro (0,74:1 e 1,2:1), totalizando 12 tratamentos com quatro repetições cada. As rações experimentais foram isoprotéicas (17% PB), isocálcicas (4,4% Ca), isofosfóricas (0,5% P total) e isosódicas (0,16% Na). Os resultados evidenciaram que o peso dos ovos foi reduzido com o nível de 3100 kcal de EM/kg; a porcentagem de casca e a densidade aparente foram melhoradas com a utilização da relação sódio:cloro 1,2:1; e as características de desempenho e qualidade de casca não foram influenciadas pelos níveis de vitamina D3. Os níveis mais elevados de EM não melhoraram a qualidade da casca dos ovos de poedeiras, na fase final de produção; a relação sódio:cloro 1,2:1 se mostrou efetiva em melhorar essa característica.

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“…Birds that were held two/cage consistently consumed, an a per bird basis more, of the complete feed and summed components with the cafeteria regimen than if one/cage. Reduced production and increased feed consumption are known to occur as hen density becomes greater (Jensen etal., 1976;Carew et al, 1980).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Egg Quality and Hen Performance Responses to Protein-Calcium Deficiency, Cafeteria Feeding, and Cage Density

Moran

1986

Poultry Science

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Single Comb White Leghorn (SCWL) hens were given feeds (2975 kcal ME/kg) that were marginally deficient in protein (15%) and calcium (3.0%). Negative control was as a mash, whereas an experimental mixture had the same formulation, but 5 of the 15% protein was soybean pellets in place of the meal and 2 of the 3% calcium was oyster shell flakes. A complete cafeteria system acted as a positive control and provided pellets, oyster shell, and a 10% protein-1% calcium mash (2975 kcal ME/kg) separately in a three-compartment trough. Feed treatments were imposed from 24 to 40 weeks of age on hens kept one and two/cage. Performance effects, because of the feed treatments, were not apparent until after 8 weeks of experimentation. Production was sustained by the pellet-oyster shell feed mixture when birds given the complete mash declined. Feeds had immediate effects on egg quality. Egg shell deformation and albumen Haugh values were highest with the complete mash and lowest for the cafeteria system, while the complete mixture was generally between these extremes. Hens kept two/cage consumed more feed than those one/cage and responded similarly to each treatment, but the reduced performance associated with increased density was not alleviated.

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Dietary Energy Concentration Effect on Performance of White Leghorn Hens at Various Densities in Cages

Cited by 10 publications

References 17 publications

Effects of probiotic supplementation in different energy and nutrient density diets on performance, egg quality, excreta microflora, excreta noxious gas emission, and serum cholesterol concentrations in laying hens

Effects of probiotic supplementation in different energy and nutrient density diets on performance, egg quality, excreta microflora, excreta noxious gas emission, and serum cholesterol concentrations in laying hens

Influência de diferentes níveis de energia, vitamina D3 e relação sódio:cloro sobre o desempenho e a qualidade da casca dos ovos de poedeiras comerciais

Egg Quality and Hen Performance Responses to Protein-Calcium Deficiency, Cafeteria Feeding, and Cage Density

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