Dietary diversity score and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Salehi‐Abargouei, Amin; Akbari, Faezeh; Bellissimo, Nick; Azadbakht, Leila

doi:10.1038/ejcn.2015.118

Cited by 90 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Finally, the positive association between dietary diversity and energy intake [2, 26] is reflected in previous studies reporting positive associations between DDS and body weight/BMI among Brazilian and Iranian women [29, 30]. Meanwhile, regression analysis showed no significant association between dietary diversity and BMI in our population, consistent with a recent meta-analysis of observational studies where no associations between DDS and BMI were found [31]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Dietary diversity is related to socioeconomic status among adult Saharawi refugees living in Algeria

et al. 2017

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BackgroundThere is limited knowledge about dietary quality among the adult population in low- and middle income countries (LMICs). This study aims to describe dietary quality among the adult Saharawi refugee population and to investigate whether dietary quality is associated with socioeconomic status.MethodsIn 2014, a cross-sectional survey was carried out in the Saharawi refugee camps, Algeria. A three-staged cluster sampling was performed and 180 women and 175 men, aged 18–82 years, were randomly selected. The dietary intake was assessed by 24-h dietary recall and dietary diversity score (DDS) was calculated. Socioeconomic status was assessed using the WAMI index (sanitation, assets, education and income).ResultsThe mean DDS among the total sample was 3.8 ± 1.4 and 2/3 of participant were at risk of low dietary adequacy. The main food groups consumed were starchy staple foods, flesh foods, and dairy. Vitamin A-rich dark green leafy vegetables, nuts and seeds and eggs were the food groups least consumed. The multiple regression model showed a positive association between DDS and the WAMI index (P < 0.001) and a negative association between DDS and age (p = 0.01).ConclusionsLow DDS was associated with low socioeconomic status. Programmes to improve the dietary quality among the Saharawi refugees should be implemented.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4527-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Dietary diversity is related to socioeconomic status among adult Saharawi refugees living in Algeria

et al. 2017

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“…In our study population, we failed to find the relationship between DDS and overweight or obesity, nor that between SDDS and overweight or obesity, nor that between FVS and overweight or obesity, similar to previous studies [16, 17]. Though in other researches, they do find relationship between dietary diversity and obesity [33, 34].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…The positive results in subgroup analysis are in accordance with the two opinions in part. In children of higher socio-economic status or living in urban areas, obesity children tend to have low dietary diversity [16]. However, the opposite trend of DDS, SDDS and FVS changing with obesity status in the two age groups called for more in-depth researches.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering the increasing prevalence of obesity in children, circumspect decision should be made to improve their health. There are some researches focusing on relationship between dietary diversity and obesity, though the results vary a lot [16–18]. The latest Chinese Dietary Guidelines published in 2016 stress the importance of food dietary, and make a recommendation of consuming at least 12 food groups per day and 25 food groups per week.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary diversity scores: an indicator of micronutrient inadequacy instead of obesity for Chinese children

et al. 2017

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BackgroundMicronutrient malnutrition affects the well-being of both adults and children. Dietary diversity score (DDS) is a useful evaluation index with a relatively well-developed guideline by FAO. It’s meaningful to assess and predict inadequate micronutrient intakes using DDS in Chinese children, after ruling out the risk of obesity coming with more dietary diversity.MethodsData for evaluation were extracted from the Nutrition Study of Preschool Children and School Children, which is a cross-sectional study covering 8 cities of China, including 1694 children in kindergartens and primary schools. This study applied DDS to Chinese children to test the validity for micronutrient inadequacy, and then explored the relationship between dietary diversity and obesity.ResultsIt reveals that dietary diversity varied with age and place of residence; the older ones and the ones living in rural areas tend to have poorer dietary diversity. Another discovery is that DDS is positively correlated with indicators of micronutrient adequacy, with a score of 6–8 indicating the lowest risk of micronutrient inadequacy in different groups of children. In our study population, dietary diversity is not related with obesity.ConclusionsDietary diversity score is a valid indicator to evaluate micronutrient inadequacy in Chinese children, though there is still room for improvement of the method. Besides, the relationship between increase of dietary diversity and risk of obesity should be treated circumspectly.

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“…Asian women generally have a lower BMI and a smaller GWG than those reported in North America16. However, a recent systematic review and meta-analysis found no significant association between dietary diversity and BMI status36. Furthermore, in the context of globalization, the Western fast food diet had become a major dietary pattern in modern China37.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain with birth outcomes in Shanghai, China

Xiao

Ding

Vinturache

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Recent data suggests that abnormal maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) or gestational weight gain (GWG) is associated with unfavorable delivery outcomes. However, limited clinical evidence is available to support this correlation in China. Participating 510 mother-infant pairs were recruited from the Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, China, between January 1st and 30th 2016. Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI was categorized according to the China’s classification and GWG according to the 2009 Institute of Medicine recommendations (IOM). Linear regression tested the associations between pre-pregnancy BMI or GWG and length of gestation, birthweight, length, and head circumference. Logistic regression assessed the associations between pre-pregnancy BMI or GWG and macrosomic, small- (SGA) and large- (LGA) for-gestational-age infants. Overweight/obese women showed increased length of gestation and birthweight, but did not have a higher risk of macrosomic and LGA infants compared with normal weight women. Women with excessive GWG showed increased length of gestation, birthweight, length, and head circumference, and were more likely to deliver macrosomic and LGA infants compared with women with adequate GWG. Although a relatively low proportion of women from Shanghai area are overweight/obese or exhibit excessive GWG, both high pre-pregnancy BMI and excessive GWG influence perinatal outcomes.

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Dietary diversity score and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Cited by 90 publications

References 39 publications

Dietary diversity is related to socioeconomic status among adult Saharawi refugees living in Algeria

Dietary diversity is related to socioeconomic status among adult Saharawi refugees living in Algeria

Dietary diversity scores: an indicator of micronutrient inadequacy instead of obesity for Chinese children

Associations of maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain with birth outcomes in Shanghai, China

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