Dietary deprivation of each essential amino acid induces differential systemic adaptive responses in mice

Kamata, Shinkichi; Yamamoto, Junya; Kamijo, Kenta; Ochiai, Takahito; Morita, Tamako; Yoshitomi, Yurika; Hagiya, Yoshifumi; Kubota, Masashi; Ohkubo, Rika; Kawaguchi, Maiko; Himi, Toshiyuki; Kimura, Tadashi; Ishii, Isao

doi:10.1002/mnfr.201300758

Cited by 23 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In growing pigs, the suppressive effect on growth after valine-or tryptophan-deficiency treatment is mainly associated with a reduction in feed intake (14)(15)(16)34) . Recent studies with mice have shown that dietary deficiency in isoleucine, valine and leucine causes the most dramatic decrease in feed intake (17) . In this study, we reported that the deficiency of valine and isoleucine in diet (NC group) for 4 weeks reduced the feed intake of piglets, which was restored to the level of the PC group after dietary supplementation with BCAA (Tables 3 and 4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous studies have suggested that branched-chain AA (BCAA), particularly valine and isoleucine, are the next-limiting AA for growth of piglets, and supplementation with these AA makes it possible to maintain growth performance of piglets fed reduced-protein diets (10,12,13) . Moreover, it has been demonstrated that dietary deficiency of AA causes a rapid decline in animal feed intake, which is particularly the case for BCAA in pigs (14)(15)(16) and mice (17) . In pigs, the suppressive effect of valine deficiency on feed intake is aggravated by an excess supply of leucine due to the shared enzymes in their catabolic pathways, which thereby increases the catabolism of valine (18) .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Supplementation of branched-chain amino acids to a reduced-protein diet improves growth performance in piglets: involvement of increased feed intake and direct muscle growth-promoting effect

et al. 2016

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The aim of this study was to investigate whether supplementing branched-chain amino acids (AA) (BCAA) along with a reduced-protein diet increases piglet growth, and whether elevated feed intake and muscle growth-promoting effect contribute to this improvement. In Expt 1, twenty-eight weanling piglets were randomly fed one of the following four diets: a positive control (PC) diet, a reduced-protein negative control (NC) diet, an NC diet supplemented with BCAA to the same levels as in the PC diet (test 1 (T1)) and an NC diet supplemented with a 2-fold dose of BCAA in T1 diet (test 2 (T2)) for 28 d. In Expt 2, twenty-one weanling piglets were randomly assigned to NC, T1 and pair-fed T1 (P) groups. NC and T1 diets were the same as in Expt 1, whereas piglets in the P group were individually pair-fed with the NC group. In Expt 1, the NC group had reduced piglet growth and feed intake compared with the PC group, which were restored in T1 and T2 groups, but no differences were detected between T1 and T2 groups. In Expt 2, T1 and P groups showed increases in growth and mass of some muscles compared with the NC group. Increased feed intake after BCAA supplementation was associated with increased mRNA expressions of agoutirelated peptide and co-express neuropeptide Y (NPY) and phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1), as well as decreased mRNA expressions of melanocortin-4 receptor and cocaine-and amphetamine-regulated transcript and phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2α in the hypothalamus. No differences were observed among PC, T1 and T2 groups except for higher NPY mRNA expression in the T2 group than in the PC group (Expt 1). Phosphorylation of mTOR and S6K1 in muscle was enhanced after BCAA supplementation, which was independent of change in feed intake (Expt 2). In conclusion, supplementing BCAA to reduced-protein diets increases feed intake and muscle mass, and contributes to better growth performance in piglets.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Supplementation of branched-chain amino acids to a reduced-protein diet improves growth performance in piglets: involvement of increased feed intake and direct muscle growth-promoting effect

et al. 2016

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“…For real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), 2 μg total RNA was used to produce first-strand complementary DNA (cDNA) with a ReverTra Ace qPCR RT kit (Toyobo), and 10 ng cDNA from each sample was amplified via PCR using KOD SYBR qPCR Mix (Toyobo), primer sets (Supplementary Table S1), and a CFX96 Touch Real-Time PCR Detection System (Bio-Rad). The messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were quantified using the comparative CT method with hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (Hprt, a housekeeping gene) levels for normalization [31].…”

Section: Microarray and Rt-pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperhomocysteinemia abrogates fasting-induced cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion by limiting bioavailability of hydrogen sulfide anions

et al. 2015

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Two-day fasting of mice ameliorates ischemia/reperfusion injury in Langendorff hearts. H2S-producing enzymes, CBS and CTH, are essential in fasting-induced cardioprotection. Administration of a H2S donor (NaHS) confers cardioprotection against IR injury. NaHS effects are absent in Cth (-/-), Cbs (-/-), and dietary hyperhomocysteinemic mice. Homocysteine captures cardioprotective HS(-) to form homocysteine persulfide.

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“…1), particularly those under the control of the GCN2/eIF2a pathway, including SLC38A2 (SNAT2/System A) and the aforementioned CAT1 (Malmberg and Adams 2008;Fernandez et al 2002;Kamata et al 2014). However, chronic starvation of amino acids can also decrease the expression of these transporters in a tissue-specific manner (Kamata et al 2014), demonstrating complex regulation of these transporters.…”

Section: Extracellular Amino Acid Influxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amino acids and autophagy: cross-talk and co-operation to control cellular homeostasis

2014

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Maintenance of amino acid homeostasis is important for healthy cellular function, metabolism and growth. Intracellular amino acid concentrations are dynamic; the high demand for protein synthesis must be met with constant dietary intake, followed by cellular influx, utilization and recycling of nutrients. Autophagy is a catabolic process via which superfluous or damaged proteins and organelles are delivered to the lysosome and degraded to release free amino acids into the cytoplasm. Furthermore, autophagy is specifically activated in response to amino acid starvation via two key signaling cascades: the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 (mTORC1) and the general control nonderepressible 2 (GCN2) pathways. These pathways are key regulators of the integration between anabolic (amino acid depleting) and catabolic (such as autophagy which is amino acid replenishing) processes to ensure intracellular amino acid homeostasis. Here, we discuss the key roles that amino acids, along with energy (ATP, glucose) and oxygen, are playing in cellular growth and proliferation. We further explore how sophisticated methods are employed by cells to sense intracellular amino acid concentrations, how amino acids can act as a switch to dictate the temporal and spatial activation of anabolic and catabolic processes and how autophagy contributes to the replenishment of free amino acids, all to ensure cell survival. Relevance of these molecular processes to cellular and organismal physiology and pathology is also discussed.

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Dietary deprivation of each essential amino acid induces differential systemic adaptive responses in mice

Abstract: Dietary deprivation of individual EAAs induced systemic adaptive responses that differed in magnitude and molecular machinery.

Cited by 23 publications

References 36 publications

Supplementation of branched-chain amino acids to a reduced-protein diet improves growth performance in piglets: involvement of increased feed intake and direct muscle growth-promoting effect

Supplementation of branched-chain amino acids to a reduced-protein diet improves growth performance in piglets: involvement of increased feed intake and direct muscle growth-promoting effect

Hyperhomocysteinemia abrogates fasting-induced cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion by limiting bioavailability of hydrogen sulfide anions

Amino acids and autophagy: cross-talk and co-operation to control cellular homeostasis

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