Dietary curcumin nanoparticles promoted the performance, antioxidant activity, and humoral immunity, and modulated the hepatic and intestinal histology of Nile tilapia fingerlings

Abstract

The current study investigated the effects of dietary curcumin nanoparticles (C-NPs) on the performance, hemato-biochemical profile, digestive enzymes activities, antioxidant status, humoral immunity, and liver and intestinal histology of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Fish (4.3 ± 0.5 g) were fed with diets enriched with 0.0 (control), 15, 30, 45, and 60 mg C-NPs/kg diet up to apparent satiety thrice a day for 60 days. The growth-stimulating effects of dietary C-NPs were significantly observed in terms of final weight, weight gain %, specific growth rate, and feed intake. Compared with the control group, serum amylase, lipase, and proteases activities of Nile tilapia significantly (P < 0.05) increased alongside the increase in dietary levels of C-NPs in a dose-dependent manner. The counts of red blood cells and white blood cells as well as hemoglobin and hematocrit levels of Nile tilapia fed with 30–60 mg C-NPs/kg diet were statistically (P < 0.05) higher than fish in the control group with no significant differences among them (P > 0.05). Moreover, lymphocytes and monocytes significantly (P > 0.05) increased; meanwhile neutrophils significantly (P > 0.05) decreased as C-NPs levels in diets increased. In a similar trend, antioxidant (malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) and humoral immunity (lysozyme and total immunoglobulin) biomarkers were significantly higher in C-NPs-fed fish. Liver histology showed improvements in the cell architecture of fish fed with C-NPs containing diets up to 45 mg/kg diet. Compared with the control diet, feeding Nile tilapia with C-NPs diets resulted in a higher villi length/width and absorption area. According to the regression curves, the current study recommends using the dietary C-NP with optimum values of 45–55 mg/kg diet to improve the performance, digestive enzymes, antioxidant activities, and immunity response of Nile tilapia.

Effective role of dietary curcumin nanoparticles and Spirulina platensis supplementation on growth, digestive enzymes, hematological, serum biochemical parameters, antioxidant status, immune responses, and histological examination in Nile tilapia fingerlings

“…The highest lysozyme activity was detected in rainbow trout fed curcumin supplemented diets (Kohshahi et al, 2019). Curcumin nanomicellesenriched diets displayed higher levels of lysozyme in L. vannamei (Moghadam et al, 2021), and in Nile tilapia (Abdel-Tawwab et al, 2022). Furthermore, a signi cant increment in the lysozyme mRNA expression was observed in the Cu-NPs fed L. vannamei shrimp (Bhoopathy et al, 2021).…”

“…A previous report clari ed that dietary intake of 0.2% nano-curcumin signi cantly enhanced the mucosal immune system, antioxidant capacity, and glucose metabolism of largemouth bass (Bao et al, 2022). Moreover, Nile tilapia ngerlings′ antioxidant potential, humoral immunity, as well as hepatic and intestinal histology were all improved by dietary supplementation of curcumin nanoparticles (Abdel-Tawwab et al, 2022). However, research on nano-curcumin in sh is still needed and requires additional investigation, especially in Nile tilapia.…”

Dual effect of dietary seaweed of extract nanoparticles (GNS) with bionanocomposite cellulose acetate membranes (CA/bio-AgNps) on growth performance and health status of the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Specification on feed utilization, immune system, and antiparasitic action

“…Furthermore, steroidal and saponins help in increasing nutrient absorption by enhancing intestinal barriers' permeability (Dawood et al, 2021). Increases in the enzymatic amylase, lipase, and protease can be achieved because the algal cells improved the secretion of digestive enzymes after rupture and/or increase feeding consumption (Abdel-Tawwab et al, 2022a). Moreover, Silva et al (2015) and Ashour et al (2021) reported that using…”

The Impact of Curcumin on Immune Response: An Immunomodulatory Strategy to Treat Sepsis

“…Another in vivo study, also performed in an animal experimental model, evaluated the consequences of dietary curcumin nanoparticle (C-NP) administration on the antioxidant condition and humoral immunity of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) [ 98 ]. The fish were given food supplemented with C-NPs for 60 days.…”

“…Similarly, antioxidant components such as catalase, glutathione peroxidase, malondialdehyde, and superoxide dismutase, and humoral immunity evaluated as lysozyme production and total immunoglobulins were significantly greater in C-NPs-fed fish. This suggests that the administration of 45–55 mg/kg of C-NP can be used to enhance antioxidant factors and the immune response [ 98 ].…”