Dietary citric acid enhances absorption of aluminum in antacids.

Slanina, Premysl; Frech, Wolfgang; Ekström, Lars‐Gösta; Lööf, L; Slorach, S. A.; Cedergren, Anders

doi:10.1093/clinchem/32.3.539

Cited by 196 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…These may be due either to contamination, the source of which we were unable to determine, or more likely to high gastrointestinal absorption. Some predisposing factors for increased aluminium absorption, such as acidification or high citrate levels (Kirschbaum & Schoolwerth, 1989;Slanina et al, 1986) have been identified but we found no evidence of these in our subjects.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

Plasma and urine aluminium concentrations in healthy subjects after administration of sucralfate [see comments]

Allain

Mauras

Krari

et al. 1990

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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1. Sucralfate (basic sucrose aluminium sulphate), a topical intestinal agent, was administered in suspension or granule form to 25 healthy subjects at a total dose of 4 g day‐1 for 21 days. Aluminium in plasma and 24 h urine samples was assayed before, during and after administration of sucralfate by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. 2. Sucralfate produced significant increases in plasma and urine aluminium concentrations. On average, plasma aluminium increased from about 2 micrograms 1‐1 to more than 5 micrograms 1‐1 and 24 h urine aluminium increased from less than 5 micrograms to more than 30 micrograms. Both plasma and urine aluminium concentrations decreased rapidly after sucralfate was stopped. However, urinary aluminium concentrations remained higher than normal 5 and 10 days after discontinuation of sucralfate administration. Moreover subjects receiving sucralfate granules had significantly higher average urinary excretion of aluminium than subjects receiving the suspension. 3. The small but significant increase in plasma and urine aluminium following sucralfate administration in therapeutic doses may reflect intestinal absorption of aluminium. Although such absorption would appear to be moderate in healthy subjects, it is suggested that aluminium‐based treatments should be used only intermittently, especially in patients with renal disorders.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

Plasma and urine aluminium concentrations in healthy subjects after administration of sucralfate [see comments]

Allain

Mauras

Krari

et al. 1990

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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“…43 Th e citrate ligan d form s a series of stron g com plexes th at cross a broad pH spectru m an d th at com pete su ccessfu lly to bin d free Al (Figu re 6). 60 On e of th e Al-citrate com plexes presen t u n der acid con dition s is a n on polar m olecu le an d is presu m ed to be th e m ost readily tran sportable across th e in testin al m u cosa.…”

Section: Transformations In the Gutmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drinking water aluminum and bioavailability

Reiber¹,

Kukull²,

Standish-Lee³

1995

Journal AWWA

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Aluminum solubility and chemical changes that take place in the human intestine make ready assimilation of aluminum in drinking water unlikely. This article discusses chemical considerations relative to aluminum uptake in the body and reviews aluminum concentrations, species, and distribution in natural and treated waters. The issue of bioavailability and the likelihood that aluminum in drinking water is more readily assimilated than other forms of aluminum is reviewed and rejected based on issues of solubility and likely chemical transformations that take place

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“…Abnormal accumulation of aluminium has also been detected within the brain tissue of patients with Alzheimer's disease and the Parkinsonian dementia complex of Guam Perl et al, 1982;Candy et al, 1986). Aluminium salts also induce memory impairment in susceptible experimental animals, accompanied by the formation of neuronal cytoskeletal abnormalities (Klatzo et al, 1965; (2) The growing acidification of surface waters has led to augmented aluminium absorption (Cronan et al, 1986;Slanina et al, 1986). This has been linked to an increased incidence of Alzheimer's disease (Martyn et al, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of aluminium on electrical and mechanical properties of frog atrial muscle

Meiri

Shimoni

1991

British J Pharmacology

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The effects of aluminium on membrane ionic currents were studied in single cardiac myocytes. Most of the work was done on frog atrial cells, but some experiments were also carried out on single cells isolated from rabbit ventricles and atria. The effects of aluminium on the force of contraction of frog atrial trabeculae were also investigated. Aluminium was prepared from AlCl3 as a stock 0.5 m solution which has a pH of 3.5. Before each experiment, this solution was added to the control solution, to give a final concentration of 20–100 μg ml−1 aluminium (0.75–3.75 mm AlCl3). The solutions were brought to a pH of 7.4 or 7.6, at which they consist of a mixture of amorphous aluminium hydroxides and a very small amount of soluble ionic aluminium complexes: free aluminium cations (less than 10 pm), aluminohydroxide anions (less than 8 μm). The addition of this suspension reduced the peak inward calcium currents in single rabbit atrial and ventricular cells and in frog atrial cells. In the latter, the peak current was reduced (at + 10 mV) to 45% of control (mean of 9 cells). This effect was reversible upon washout, and was obtained at all membrane potentials, with no shift of the calcium current voltage relationship along the voltage axis. Aluminium also reduced the time‐dependent potassium current IK. This reduction was observed at all membrane potentials. For example, at + 10 mV, the mean reduction of IK (n = 9) was to 69% of the control amplitude. This effect, which was very difficult to reverse, was not due to IK rundown. The fully activated current‐voltage relationships (obtained by standard ‘tail’ analysis) showed that the effect of aluminium was due mainly to a decrease in conductance and not to a shift in the activation range of IK. The mean voltage of half activation was shifted by 8 mV in the depolarizing direction (n = 5). The background potassium current IK1 was also slightly but consistently changed in a complex fashion, with an outward shift at membrane potentials positive to −60 mV. For example, at a membrane potential of −40 mV, the mean shift was by 22 ± 4 pA. At more negative potentials, there was an inward shift in the current amplitudes. For example, for steps to −100 mV the current elicited was larger (more inward) by 53 pA (mean value, n = 10). The reversal potential was slightly shifted (< 10 mV) in the hyperpolarizing direction. The force of contraction of frog atrial trabeculae was altered by aluminium in a complex manner, which showed marked seasonal variation. During most of the year, 50–100 μg ml−1 aluminium caused a biphasic change, with an early small and consistent decrease, followed by a large increase in twitch amplitude. For a short period corresponding to the (local) winter months the sensitivity to aluminium was greatly enhanced. Aluminium 100 μg ml−1 totally abolished contraction (n = 5), while a lower concentration (20 μg ml−1) produced a sustained reduction in the force of contraction. Similar biphasic and seasonal responses have been reported to be induced by lanthanum. The biph...

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Dietary citric acid enhances absorption of aluminum in antacids.

Cited by 196 publications

References 0 publications

Plasma and urine aluminium concentrations in healthy subjects after administration of sucralfate [see comments]

Plasma and urine aluminium concentrations in healthy subjects after administration of sucralfate [see comments]

Drinking water aluminum and bioavailability

Effects of aluminium on electrical and mechanical properties of frog atrial muscle

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