Dietary choline and betaine intake, cardio-metabolic risk factors and prevalence of metabolic syndrome among overweight and obese adults

Abbasi, Mohammad Sadegh Pour; Tousi, Ayda Zahiri; Yazdani, Yalda; Vahdat, Sahar; Gharebakhshi, Farshad; Nikrad, Negin; Manzouri, Ali; Ardekani, Abnoos Mokhtari; Jafarzadeh, Faria

doi:10.1186/s12902-023-01323-4

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…This finding suggests that betaine deficiency could contribute to cardiovascular risk by disrupting cholesterol homeostasis. Consistently, higher betaine/choline intake was associated with lower blood pressure and LDL-c concentrations in obese individuals [17]. According to epidemiological studies, long-term choline and betaine intakes may decrease cardiovascular mortality by lowering inflammation and homocysteine levels [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Meanwhile, it has been postulated that long-term betaine intake could be a protective factor for cardiovascular mortality [16]. Similarly, lower serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) concentrations were associated with higher betaine intake in obese individuals [17]. Hence, further studies are needed to clarify the role of betaine consumption in these lipid changes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low Dietary Betaine Intake Is Associated with Increased Blood Cholesterol in Mexican Subjects

Ramos-Lopez,

Santuario-Loera

2024

Healthcare

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Background: Betaine, an osmolyte derivative of the metabolite choline and the amino acid glycine, acts as a methyl donor in the conversion of homocysteine to methionine and is involved in the maintenance of adequate lipid metabolism. There is growing evidence for the role of betaine in the development of various lipid-related diseases, including dyslipidemia and cardiovascular risk. This study aimed to analyze associations between betaine intake and blood lipid profiles in Mexican subjects. Methods: A total of 212 adults were randomly recruited in the city of Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico. Betaine intake was estimated using Nutritionist Pro software. Body composition and metabolic measurements were obtained by conventional methods. In the total sample, the average intake of betaine was 14.32 mg/d. Individuals were categorized into three groups according to tertiles of betaine consumption: tertile/group 1 (<4.16 mg/d), tertile/group 2 (4.16–12.02 mg/d), and tertile/group 3 (>12.02 mg/d). Results: Compared to group 3, subjects within group 1 had higher serum levels of total cholesterol (p = 0.001), LDL-c (p = 0.026), and non-HDL-c (p = 0.021). In addition, significant negative Pearson correlations were found between betaine intake and the serum levels of total cholesterol (r = −0.432, 95% CI, −0.684, −0.185, p = 0.001), LDL-c (r = −0.370, 95% CI, −0.606, −0.134, p = 0.002), and non-HDL-c (r = −0.351, 95%CI, −0.604, −0.098, p = 0.007). Conclusions: Our results show that a low intake of betaine is associated with elevated blood cholesterol levels in Mexican subjects. On this basis, betaine consumption could be used as an additional dietary measure for cardiovascular care. However, additional studies are required to confirm our results in other Mexican regions as well as in other populations worldwide.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Dietary Betaine Intake Is Associated with Increased Blood Cholesterol in Mexican Subjects

Ramos-Lopez,

Santuario-Loera

2024

Healthcare

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Homocysteine, hyperhomocysteinemia, and H-type hypertension

Wu,

Yin,

Deng

2024

European Journal of Preventive Cardiology

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Homocysteine (Hcy) is a sulfur-containing nonessential amino acid derived from the intermediate metabolites of methionine. Methionine is obtained from dietary proteins, such as poultry, meat, eggs, seafood, and dairy products. Abnormalities in Hcy metabolic pathways, deficiencies in dietary methionine, folate, and vitamins B12, B6 and B2 and genetic defects, polymorphisms, or mutations in Hcy metabolism-related enzymes may lead to an increase in plasma Hcy levels. Generally, a plasma Hcy level higher than 10 μmol/L or 15 μmol/L has been defined as hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy). An individual with essential hypertension complicated with HHcy is considered to have H-type hypertension (HTH). Currently, HHcy is considered a novel independent risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases. To provide a useful reference for clinicians, the research progress on Hcy, HHcy and HTH in recent years was systematically reviewed here, with a focus on the source and metabolic pathways of Hcy, plasma Hcy levels and influencing factors, detection methods for plasma Hcy levels, relationship between Hcy concentration and hypertension, pathogenesis of HTH, cardiovascular complications of HTH, and treatment of HTH.

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An inverse association of dietary choline with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease among US adults: a cross-sectional NHANES analysis

Lin,

Zhong,

Zhang

et al. 2024

BMC Public Health

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Background The role of diet choline in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is uncertain. Findings from animal experiments are contradictory while there is a lack of clinical investigations. This study aimed to investigate the association between choline intake and ASCVD based on individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in 5525 individuals from the NHANES between 2011 and 2018. Participants were categorized into the ASCVD (n = 5015) and non-ASCVD (n = 510) groups. Univariable and multivariable-adjusted regression analyses were employed to investigate the relationship between diet choline and pertinent covariates. Logistic regression analysis and restricted cubic spline analysis were used to evaluate the association between choline intake and ASCVD. Results ASCVD participants had higher choline intake compared to those without ASCVD. In the higher tertiles of choline intake, there was a greater proportion of males, married individuals, highly educated individuals, and those with increased physical activity, but a lower proportion of smokers and drinkers. In the higher tertiles of choline intake, a lower proportion of individuals had a history of congestive heart failure and stroke. After adjusting for age, gender, race, ethnicity, and physical activity, an inverse association between choline intake and heart disease, stroke, and ASCVD was found. A restricted cubic spline analysis showed a mirrored J-shaped relationship between choline and ASCVD, stroke and congestive heart failure in males. There was no association between dietary choline and metabolic syndrome. Conclusion An inverse association was observed between choline intake and ASVCD among U.S. adults. Further large longitudinal studies are needed to test the causal relationship of choline and ASVCD.

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Dietary choline and betaine intake, cardio-metabolic risk factors and prevalence of metabolic syndrome among overweight and obese adults

Cited by 4 publications

References 60 publications

Low Dietary Betaine Intake Is Associated with Increased Blood Cholesterol in Mexican Subjects

Low Dietary Betaine Intake Is Associated with Increased Blood Cholesterol in Mexican Subjects

Homocysteine, hyperhomocysteinemia, and H-type hypertension

An inverse association of dietary choline with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease among US adults: a cross-sectional NHANES analysis

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