Dietary choline and betaine intake, choline-metabolising genetic polymorphisms and breast cancer risk: a case–control study in China

Du, Yufeng; Luo, Weiping; Lin, Fang‐Yue; Lian, Zhenqiang; Mo, Xiong-Fei; Yan, Bo; Xu, Ming; Huang, Wuqing; Huang, Jing; Zhang, Caixia

doi:10.1017/s0007114516002956

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The present study showed a robustly favorable relationship between serum choline and PLC. This was consistent with several previous studies [ 39 – 43 ] and with our previous case-control study, which reported an inverse association between dietary choline intake and PLC risk [ 11 ]. To date, only one case-control study, including 297 male HCC patients and 631 male matched controls, has reported on the relationship between serum choline and HCC risk [ 13 ], in which the favorable role of choline was also found.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Trimethylamine N-oxide, a gut microbiota-dependent metabolite of choline, is positively associated with the risk of primary liver cancer: a case-control study

Liu

Tan

et al. 2018

Nutr Metab (Lond)

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BackgroundEvidence has suggested a potential link exists between trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), a choline-derived metabolite produced by gut microbiota, and some cancers, but little is known for primary liver cancer (PLC).MethodsA case-control study was designed including 671 newly diagnosed PLC patients and 671 control subjects frequency-matched by age (±5 years) and sex, in Guangdong province, China. High-performance liquid chromatography with online electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was used to measure serum TMAO and choline. The associations between these biomarkers and PLC risk were evaluated using logistic regression models.ResultsSerum TMAO concentrations were greater in the PLC group than the control group (P = 0.002). Logistic regression analysis showed that the sex- and age-adjusted odds ratio (OR) and (95% confidence interval [CI]) was 3.43 (2.42–4.86) when comparing the top and bottom quartiles (Q4 vs Q1). After further adjusting for more selected confounders, the OR (95% CI) remained significant but was attenuated to 2.85 (1.59–5.11) (Q4 vs Q1). The multivariable-adjusted ORs (95% CIs) across quartiles of choline were 0.35–0.15 (P-trend < 0.001).ConclusionHigher serum levels of TMAO were associated with increased PLC risk. The association was stronger in those with lower serum levels of choline. Additional large prospective studies are required to confirm these findings.Trial registrationThis study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT 03297255.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Trimethylamine N-oxide, a gut microbiota-dependent metabolite of choline, is positively associated with the risk of primary liver cancer: a case-control study

Liu

Tan

et al. 2018

Nutr Metab (Lond)

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“…With the lower level in LNM-positive patients, betaine may be a potential diagnostic biomarker distinguishing LNM-positive GC patients from LNM-negative ones. Our findings together with the previous studies (Sun et al 2016 ; Du et al 2016 ) proved that betaine might play a critical role in the process of LNM of GC. Therefore, dietary choline and betaine intake with a fixed dose may alleviate GC.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

1H NMR metabolic profiling of gastric cancer patients with lymph node metastasis

et al. 2018

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IntroductionGastric cancer (GC) is a malignant tumor worldwide. As primary pathway for metastasis, the lymphatic system is an important prognostic factor for GC patients. Although the metabolic changes of gastric cancer have been investigated in extensive studies, little effort focused on the metabolic profiling of lymph node metastasis (LNM)-positive or negative GC patients.ObjectivesWe performed 1H NMR spectrum of GC tissue samples with and without LNM to identify novel potential metabolic biomarkers in the process of LNM of GC.Methods1H NMR-based untargeted metabolomics approach combined with multivariate statistical analyses were used to study the metabolic profiling of tissue samples from LNM-positive GC patients (n = 40), LNM-negative GC patients (n = 40) and normal controls (n = 40).ResultsThere was a clear separation between GC patients and normal controls, and 33 differential metabolites were identified in the study. Moreover, GC patients were also well-classified according to LNM-positive or negative. Totally eight distinguishing metabolites were selected in the metabolic profiling of GC patients with LNM-positive or negative, suggesting the metabolic dysfunction in the process of LNM. According to further validation and analysis, especially BCAAs metabolism (leucine, isoleucine, valine), GSH and betaine may be as potential factors of diagnose and prognosis of GC patients with or without LNM.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first metabolomics study focusing on LNM of GC. The identified distinguishing metabolites showed a promising application on clinical diagnose and therapy prediction, and understanding the mechanism underlying the carcinogenesis, invasion and metastasis of GC.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s11306-018-1344-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…The richest sources of total choline are foods of animal origin [ 2 ], which may not be consumed on a daily basis. The relationship between low choline, or betaine, intakes and an increased risk of adverse health outcomes has been described in several studies [ 49 , 50 , 51 , 75 , 176 , 177 ]. However, other studies have found no or only a weak association between choline or betaine intakes and these adverse health outcomes [ 73 , 96 , 178 ].…”

Section: Dietary Assessment Methods and Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Choline Intake: Current State of Knowledge Across the Life Cycle

et al. 2018

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Choline, an essential dietary nutrient for humans, is required for the synthesis of the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, the methyl group donor, betaine, and phospholipids; and therefore, choline is involved in a broad range of critical physiological functions across all stages of the life cycle. The current dietary recommendations for choline have been established as Adequate Intakes (AIs) for total choline; however, dietary choline is present in multiple different forms that are both water-soluble (e.g., free choline, phosphocholine, and glycerophosphocholine) and lipid-soluble (e.g., phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin). Interestingly, the different dietary choline forms consumed during infancy differ from those in adulthood. This can be explained by the primary food source, where the majority of choline present in human milk is in the water-soluble form, versus lipid-soluble forms for foods consumed later on. This review summarizes the current knowledge on dietary recommendations and assessment methods, and dietary choline intake from food sources across the life cycle.

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Dietary choline and betaine intake, choline-metabolising genetic polymorphisms and breast cancer risk: a case–control study in China

Cited by 16 publications

References 37 publications

Trimethylamine N-oxide, a gut microbiota-dependent metabolite of choline, is positively associated with the risk of primary liver cancer: a case-control study

Trimethylamine N-oxide, a gut microbiota-dependent metabolite of choline, is positively associated with the risk of primary liver cancer: a case-control study

1H NMR metabolic profiling of gastric cancer patients with lymph node metastasis

Dietary Choline Intake: Current State of Knowledge Across the Life Cycle

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