Dietary cholesterol does not increase biomarkers for chronic disease in a pediatric population from northern Mexico

Ballesteros, Martha Nydia; Cabrera, Rosa M.; Saucedo, Maria del Socorro; Fernández, María Luz

doi:10.1093/ajcn/80.4.855

Cited by 68 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Although data on dietary habits and physical activity were not collected. Results from others studies [36][37][38] in urban locations of the same region showed that children consumed a hypercaloric diet, with adequate quantities of protein and fiber but excessive amounts of simple carbohydrates and saturated fat and a low quantity of polyunsaturated fat. Those studies also showed that most of the children were sedentary [36,38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results from others studies [36][37][38] in urban locations of the same region showed that children consumed a hypercaloric diet, with adequate quantities of protein and fiber but excessive amounts of simple carbohydrates and saturated fat and a low quantity of polyunsaturated fat. Those studies also showed that most of the children were sedentary [36,38]. The development of obesity secondary to genetic or excessive consumption of food has been proposed as a risk factor for developing metabolic alterations including insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus [39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome Diagnosed by Three Different Criteria in School-Aged Children from Rural and Urban Areas of Northwest Mexico

Ramírez-Murillo¹,

Guillot-Sánchez²,

B³

et al. 2015

J Metabolic Synd

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The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) does not justify the evaluation of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in children aged less than 10 years, unless they have a family history of risk factors. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in the Northwest of Mexico has increased in recent decades, making it possible to consider that MetS is already present in this group of population. Objective:The primary objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in children aged 6 to 9 years living in rural (RA) or urban (UA) areas of Northwest of Mexico. A secondary objective was to find adequate criteria to diagnose the prevalence of MS in children.Methods: Participated 268 school-aged children in a random-selected cross sectional study. Anthropometric and blood pressure measurement were performed, and biochemical indicators were analyzed. MetS was defined as the presence of three or more risk factors and diagnosed using three different criteria. One of them according to what was proposed by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) for children and two additional criteria proposed by this study considering suitable cutoffs for age for lipids and blood pressure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome Diagnosed by Three Different Criteria in School-Aged Children from Rural and Urban Areas of Northwest Mexico

Ramírez-Murillo¹,

Guillot-Sánchez²,

B³

et al. 2015

J Metabolic Synd

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“…24a That these findings are highly relevant to humans is indicated by situations in which dietary cholesterol and saturated fat feeding result in larger LDL particles. 25,26 The authors of these manuscripts focused on the potential increase in atherogenicity of small dense LDL. However, the likelihood that saturated fat-rich diet induces accumulation of larger, more cholesteryl ester-rich LDL, probably as a result of increased hepatic secretion of ACAT2-derived cholesteryl esters, seems more likely to indicate a state of increased, not decreased, atherogenicity, analogous to that repeatedly documented in studies in nonhuman primates.…”

Section: Cellular Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ACAT2 Is a Target for Treatment of Coronary Heart Disease Associated With Hypercholesterolemia

Rudel

Lee

Parini

2005

ATVB

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Previous Brief Reviews in this Series:• Chen HC, Farese RV Jr. Inhibition of triglyceride synthesis as a treatment strategy for obesity: lessons from DGAT1-deficient mice. 2005;25:482-486.• Zalewski A, Macphee C. Role of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A 2 in atherosclerosis: biology, epidemiology, and possible therapeutic target. 2005;25:923-931. ACAT2 Is a Target for Treatment of Coronary HeartDisease Associated With HypercholesterolemiaAbstract-The inhibition of intracellular cholesterol esterification as a means to prevent atherosclerosis has been considered to have potential for many years. Two different ACAT enzymes were discovered about 7 years ago, and it has become clear that the two enzymes provide separate physiologic functions. Much has been learned from mice with gene deletions for either ACAT1 or ACAT2. Deletion of ACAT2 has consistently been atheroprotective whereas deletion of ACAT1 has been varyingly problematic. ACAT1 functions in converting cellular cholesterol into cholesteryl ester in response to cholesterol abundance inside the cells. In atherosclerotic lesions, where macrophages ingest excess cholesterol, the ability to esterify the newly-acquired cholesterol seems important for cell survival. Inhibition of ACAT1 may bring undesired consequences with destabilization of cellular membrane function upon cholesterol accumulation leading to macrophage cell death. In contrast, ACAT2 is expressed only in hepatocytes and enterocytes, where ACAT1 is silent, and appears to provide cholesteryl esters for transport in lipoproteins. These two cell types have an abundance of additional mechanisms for disposing of cholesterol so that depletion of ACAT2 does not signal apoptosis. At the present time, the bulk of the available data suggest that the strategy seeming to bear the most potential for treatment of coronary heart disease associated with hypercholesterolemia would be to specifically inhibit ACAT2.

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“…7,10,11 The relation between dietary and serum cholesterol is complicated by the large variability in individual response to dietary cholesterol. [11][12][13] Despite the fact that some studies have shown an association between egg consumption and CHD, 14 no previous study has examined whether egg consumption is associated with the risk of HF in a community setting.…”

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confidence: 99%

Egg Consumption and Risk of Heart Failure in the Physicians’ Health Study

Djoussé

Gaziano

2008

Circulation

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Background-Reduction in dietary cholesterol is widely recommended for the prevention of cardiovascular disease.Although eggs are important sources of dietary cholesterol and other nutrients, little is known about the association between egg consumption and heart failure (HF) risk. Methods and Results-In a prospective cohort study of 21 275 participants from the Physicians' Health Study I, we examined the association between egg consumption and the risk of HF. Egg consumption was assessed with the use of a simple abbreviated food questionnaire, and we used Cox regression to estimate relative risks of HF. After an average follow-up of 20.4 years, a total of 1084 new HF cases occurred in this cohort. Although egg consumption up to 6 times per week was not associated with incident HF, egg consumption of Ն7 per week was associated with an increased risk of HF. Compared with subjects who reported egg consumption of Ͻ1 per week, hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for HF were 1.28 (1.02 to 1.61) and 1.64 (1.08 to 2.49) for egg consumption of 1 per day and Ն2 per day, respectively, after adjustment for age, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, exercise, and history of atrial fibrillation, hypertension, valvular heart disease, and hypercholesterolemia. Similar results were obtained for HF without antecedent myocardial infarction. Conclusions-Our data suggest that infrequent egg consumption is not associated with the risk of HF. However, egg consumption of Ն1 per day is related to an increased risk of HF among US male physicians. (Circulation. 2008;117: 512-516.)

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Dietary cholesterol does not increase biomarkers for chronic disease in a pediatric population from northern Mexico

Abstract: Intake of 2 eggs/d results in the maintenance of LDL:HDL and in the generation of a less atherogenic LDL in this population of Mexican children.

Cited by 68 publications

References 40 publications

Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome Diagnosed by Three Different Criteria in School-Aged Children from Rural and Urban Areas of Northwest Mexico

Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome Diagnosed by Three Different Criteria in School-Aged Children from Rural and Urban Areas of Northwest Mexico

ACAT2 Is a Target for Treatment of Coronary Heart Disease Associated With Hypercholesterolemia

Egg Consumption and Risk of Heart Failure in the Physicians’ Health Study

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