Dietary Changes and Gut Dysbiosis in Children With Type 1 Diabetes

Mejía-León, María Esther; López-Domínguez, Lorena; Aguayo-Patrón, Sandra V; Caire-Juvera, Graciela; Barca, Ana María Calderón de la

doi:10.1080/07315724.2018.1444519

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The majority of participants did not meet the Australian recommended daily intake of micronutrients and consumed excess saturated fat and sodium, also consistent with our previous research 54,55 . Fiber intake was relatively high in both groups (Table 1), and it is recognized that FFQs may over report fiber intake 56 . The FFQ was administered at least 3 months after clinical presentation of T1D in the diabetes group so as to limit any influence of systematic nutrition advice that had been provided at the time of their clinical presentation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Associations between diet, the gut microbiome and short chain fatty acids in youth with islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes

et al. 2021

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Aim We aimed to characterize associations between diet and the gut microbiome and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) products in youth with islet autoimmunity or type 1 diabetes (IA/T1D) in comparison with controls. Research design and methods Eighty participants (25 diagnosed with T1D, 17 with confirmed IA, 38 sibling or unrelated controls) from the Australian T1D Gut Study cohort were studied (median [IQR] age 11.7 [8.9, 14.0] years, 43% female). A Food Frequency Questionnaire characterized daily macronutrient intake over the preceding 6 months. Plasma and fecal SCFA were measured by gas chromatography; gut microbiome composition and diversity by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results A 10 g increase in daily carbohydrate intake associated with higher plasma acetate in IA/T1D (adjusted estimate +5.2 (95% CI 1.1, 9.2) μmol/L p = 0.01) and controls (adjusted estimate +4.1 [95% CI 1.7, 8.5] μmol/L p = 0.04). A 5 g increase in total fat intake associated with lower plasma acetate in IA/T1D and controls. A 5% increase in noncore (junk) food intake associated with reduced richness (adjusted estimate −4.09 [95%CI –7.83, −0.35] p = .03) and evenness (−1.25 [95% CI –2.00, −0.49] p < 0.01) of the gut microbiome in IA/T1D. Fiber intake associated with community structure of the microbiome in IA/T1D. Conclusions Modest increments in carbohydrate and fat intake associated with plasma acetate in all youth. Increased junk food intake associated with reduced diversity of the gut microbiome in IA/T1D alone. These associations with the gut microbiome in IA/T1D support future efforts to promote SCFA by using dietary interventions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Associations between diet, the gut microbiome and short chain fatty acids in youth with islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes

et al. 2021

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“…We found no significant differences in nutrient or fiber intake between children with type 1 diabetes, islet autoimmunity or controls, apart from lower saturated fat intake in type 1 diabetes. The latter, previously reported, is most likely because of systematic nutrition advice at the time of clinical presentation of type 1 diabetes. The food frequency questionnaire was administered to the type 1 diabetes children 6 months after their dietary education at clinical presentation to standardize for this.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Gut microbiome dysbiosis and increased intestinal permeability in children with islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes: A prospective cohort study

et al. 2019

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Aims/hypothesis: To investigate the longitudinal relationship between the gut microbiome, circulating short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and intestinal permeability in children with islet autoimmunity or type 1 diabetes and controls. Methods:We analyzed the gut bacterial microbiome, plasma SCFAs, small intestinal permeability and dietary intake in 47 children with islet autoimmunity or recentonset type 1 diabetes and in 41 unrelated or sibling controls over a median (range) of 13 (2-34) months follow-up.Results: Children with multiple islet autoantibodies (≥2 IA) or type 1 diabetes had gut microbiome dysbiosis. Anti-inflammatory Prevotella and Butyricimonas genera were less abundant and these changes were not explained by differences in diet. Small intestinal permeability measured by blood lactulose:rhamnose ratio was higher in type 1 diabetes. Children with ≥2 IA who progressed to type 1 diabetes (progressors), compared to those who did not progress, had higher intestinal permeability (mean [SE] difference +5.14 [2.0], 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21, 9.07, P = .006), lower within-sample (alpha) microbial diversity (31.3 [11.2], 95% CI 9.3, 53.3, P = .005), and lower abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria. Alpha diversity (observed richness) correlated with plasma acetate levels in all groups combined (regression coefficient [SE] 0.57 [0.21], 95% CI 0.15, 0.99 P = .008). Conclusions/Interpretation: Children with ≥2 IA who progress to diabetes, like those with recent-onset diabetes, have gut microbiome dysbiosis associated with increased intestinal permeability. Interventions that expand gut microbial diversity, in particular ABBREVIATIONS: ACAES, Australian child and adolescent eating survey; CSS, cumulative sum scaling; IA, islet autoantibody; IAA, insulin autoantibody; IA2, tyrosine phosphatase-like insulinoma antigen; GAD, glutamic acid decarboxylase 65; PCoA, principal coordinates analysis; SCFA, short chain fatty acid; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism; TGAb, transglutaminase autoantibody.

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“…Considering the interplay between the ntestinal microbiota and the developing immunity, several key findings have been observed (Table 1). Comparisons between these findings and those observed in man (Table 2) will be discussed in the next paragraphs [[9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31]]. While interpreting the results, one should bear in mind that autoimmune diabetes observed in NOD mice is not identical with T1D in humans [32].…”

Section: Intestinal Bacterial Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 94%

“…MODY2 associated with higher Prevotella abundance and a lower Ruminococcus and Bacteroides abundance. Intestinal permeability was increased both in T1D and in MODY2 cases.[29]Mejía-León ME et al 20189–14Children with newly diagnosed T1D (n = 10)The increasing Bacteroides proportion (during the first months after diagnosis) correlated with the consumption of saturated fat and carbohydrates at 3 months. After adjusting for HbA1C, consumption of carbohydrates associated with decreased Bacteroides abundance over time.[30]Stewart CJ et al 20180–4Young children ( n = 903) with high risk HLA genotype; Finland, Sweden, Germany, and USAFeeding with breast milk was the most significant factor associated with the microbiome structure.…”

Section: Intestinal Bacterial Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome and type 1 diabetes

2019

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The steep increase in the incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D), in the Western world after World War II, cannot be explained solely by genetic factors but implies that this rise must be due to crucial interactions between predisposing genes and environmental changes. Three parallel phenomena in early childhood – the dynamic development of the immune system, maturation of the gut microbiome, and the appearance of the first T1D-associated autoantibodies – raise the question whether these phenomena might reflect causative relationships. Plenty of novel data on the role of the microbiome in the development of T1D has been published over recent years and this review summarizes recent findings regarding the associations between islet autoimmunity, T1D, and the intestinal microbiota.

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Dietary Changes and Gut Dysbiosis in Children With Type 1 Diabetes

Abstract: Besides autoimmunity, diet appears to have a central role determining the T1D-associated dysbiosis evolution.

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

Associations between diet, the gut microbiome and short chain fatty acids in youth with islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes

Associations between diet, the gut microbiome and short chain fatty acids in youth with islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes

Gut microbiome dysbiosis and increased intestinal permeability in children with islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes: A prospective cohort study

Microbiome and type 1 diabetes

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