Dietary arginine requirement in diets of GIFT strain of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus : Effects on growth performance, whole‐body composition, growth‐related gene expression and haemato‐biochemical responses

Abstract

Arginine is one of the essential amino acids for fish (NRC, 2011) with several physiologically functional roles (Li et al., 2009). Arginine is the most abundant nitrogen carrier for tissue proteins and used in several biosynthetic pathways, involving key regulatory enzymes, such as arginase, nitric oxide synthase and arginyl-tRNA synthetase. Furthermore, arginine serves as the precursor for the synthesis of protein, nitric oxide, urea, polyamines, proline, glutamate, creatine, ornithine and agmatine in terrestrial animals (Dai et al., 2012) and in fish (Pohlenz et al., 2014). It is required to improve the growth performance, enhance immunity and reduce environmental stress of fish species, such as Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Yue et al., 2015), channel cat fish, Ictalurus punctatus (Pohlenz et al., 2014), juvenile blunt snout bream, Megalobrama amblycephala (Liang et al., 2016) and hybrid striped bass, Morone chrysops × Morone saxatilis (Cheng et al., 2012).

Utilization of marine diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii as a feed additive in seawater-tolerant Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, Linnaeus 1758) strain

“…During the development of fish muscle, MyoG regulates cell differentiation while MyoD controls satellite cell activation and proliferation (Watabe, 2000). Similar to the present study, upregulation of MyoD and MyG correlates with growth improvement in Nile tilapia when algae was supplemented in the diet (Asaduzzaman et al, 2017;Prabu et al, 2021). GDF-8 or myostatin expression regulates muscle growth as well.…”

Effects of dietary protein substitution of fishmeal with black soldier fly larval meal on growth and physiological responses of juvenile striped catfish, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus

“…Following the manufacturer's procedure, the first‐strand complementary DNA (cDNA) was produced from 2 µg of total RNA using the first‐strand cDNA synthesis kit (Thermo Scientific). For relative gene expression investigations, Prabu et al’s (2021) methods were used (Table 3). 20 ng of cDNA template, 10 μM of each primer (forward and reverse) and 1x SYBR Green PCR Master Mix Kit (Takara Bio) were used in a 20 μl quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR).…”

Replacement of fish oil with black soldier fly larvae oil and vegetable oils: Effects of growth, whole‐body fatty acid profile, digestive enzyme activity, haemato‐biochemical responses and muscle growth‐related gene expression of juvenile striped catfish, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus

“…Following the manufacturer's procedure, first‐strand complementary DNA (cDNA) was produced from 2 µg of total RNA using the first‐strand cDNA synthesis kit (Thermo Scientific). For relative gene expression investigations, Prabu et al (2021) methods were used (Table 3). 20 ng of cDNA template, 10 μM of each primer (forward and reverse) and 1x SYBR Green PCR Master Mix Kit (Takara Bio) were used in a 20 μl total volume quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR).…”