Dietary and pharmacological compounds altering intestinal calcium absorption in humans and animals

Areco, Vanessa Andrea; Rivoira, M.A.; Rodríguez, Victoria Eli; Marchionatti, Ana Maria Estivalete; Carpentieri, Ágata Rita; Talamoni, Nori Tolosa de

doi:10.1017/s0954422415000050

Cited by 55 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 225 publications

(235 reference statements)

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“…The intestinal Ca 2+ absorption is an active process (ATP dependent) that mainly occurs in the small intestine, which is responsible for approximately 90% of overall Ca 2+ absorption[62]. The sojourn time in each intestinal segment and the Ca 2+ solubility are important factors affecting the intestinal Ca 2+ absorption.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Intestinal Calcium Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative stress, antioxidants and intestinal calcium absorption

Barboza¹,

Guizzardi²,

Moine³

et al. 2017

WJG

Self Cite

107

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The disequilibrium between the production of reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species and their elimination by protective mechanisms leads to oxidative stress. Mitochondria are the main source of ROS as by-products of electron transport chain. Most of the time the intestine responds adequately against the oxidative stress, but with aging or under conditions that exacerbate the ROS and/or RNS production, the defenses are not enough and contribute to developing intestinal pathologies. The endogenous antioxidant defense system in gut includes glutathione (GSH) and GSH-dependent enzymes as major components. When the ROS and/or RNS production is exacerbated, oxidative stress occurs and the intestinal Ca2+ absorption is inhibited. GSH depleting drugs such as DL-buthionine-S,R-sulfoximine, menadione and sodium deoxycholate inhibit the Ca2+ transport from lumen to blood by alteration in the protein expression and/or activity of molecules involved in the Ca2+ transcellular and paracellular pathways through mechanisms of oxidative stress, apoptosis and/or autophagy. Quercetin, melatonin, lithocholic and ursodeoxycholic acids block the effect of those drugs in experimental animals by their antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and/or anti-autophagic properties. Therefore, they may become drugs of choice for treatment of deteriorated intestinal Ca2+ absorption under oxidant conditions such as aging, diabetes, gut inflammation and other intestinal disorders.

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Section: Mechanisms Of Intestinal Calcium Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative stress, antioxidants and intestinal calcium absorption

Barboza¹,

Guizzardi²,

Moine³

et al. 2017

WJG

Self Cite

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…30 Moreover, children with low calcium intakes also reduce their renal excretion of calcium. 30 Calcium requirements vary depending on dietary factors, such as the intake of vitamin D, 31 sodium, 4 and caffeine 32 the presence of molecules modifying intestinal calcium absorption, such as lactose 33 and other factors, such as physical activity. 4,5 Calcium excretion increases with sodium intake because these minerals share some of the same transport systems in the proximal tubule.…”

Section: How Much Is Adequate Calcium?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Child Nutrition and Bone Health

Redondo‐Cuevas

Sanchis-Chordà

Codoñer‐Franch

2018

JCS

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Nutrition is one of the modifiable factors that contributes to bone accrual during childhood and adolescence, a critical period to prevent adult osteoporosis. Calcium and vitamin D seem to be the most important nutrients for optimal bone growth. Requirements for calcium intake are different among countries and organizations, and exact recommendations are difficult to determine since other dietary factors directly affect calcium metabolism, such as salt intake and vitamin D levels. Some scientists have suggested that the actual calcium requirements are overestimated and that increased dairy intake does not necessarily translate to better bone health in adults. Moreover, calcium can be obtained from other natural foods, such as cruciferous vegetables (turnip greens, broccoli rabe, kale, broccoli, and cabbage), endive, sesame seeds, legumes, almonds, calcium-fortified vegetable beverages, and canned sardines. Vitamin D should be obtained from food combined with appropriate sun exposure, and if that is not enough, vitamin D supplements can be used. Diets comprised a complex combination of nutrients and foods, and dietary patterns in children and adolescents play a key role in bone formation. A dietary pattern that is high in vegetables and fruits and low in processed foods (containing large amounts of added sugar and salt) is necessary to achieve optimal bone formation. Finally, physical activity, particularly activities that apply large forces, is even more important than dietary factors to contribute to bone accrual.

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“…Using streptozotocin (40 mg/kg for 5 consecutive days) treated DBA/2J mice, Zhang et al [ 66 ] demonstrated that FLL-WF inhibited hypercalciuria and improved trabecular bone microstructures by increasing serum levels of PTH and fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23), and upregulating mRNA expression of TRPV6 and CaBP-9k in the duodenum as well as decreasing mRNA and protein expression of calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) in the kidney of diabetic mice. It is well known that PTH stimulates transcription and secretion of FGF-23, which further increases circulating Ca level [ 82 , 83 , 84 ]. Additionally, CaSR serves as a sensor controlling extracellular calcium homeostasis and may have an inhibitory effect on PTH secretion [ 85 ].…”

Section: Anti-bone Resorption and Pro-anabolic Activities Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fructus Ligustri Lucidi in Osteoporosis: A Review of its Pharmacology, Phytochemistry, Pharmacokinetics and Safety

et al. 2017

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Background: Fructus Ligustri Lucidi (FLL) has now attracted increasing attention as an alternative medicine in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. This study aimed to provide a general review of traditional interpretation of the actions of FLL in osteoporosis, main phytochemical constituents, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology in bone improving effect, and safety. Materials and Methods: Several databases, including PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, National Science and Technology Library, China Science and Technology Journal Database, and Web of Science were consulted to locate publications pertaining to FLL. The initial inquiry was conducted for the presence of the following keywords combinations in the abstracts: Fructus Ligustri Lucidi, osteoporosis, phytochemistry, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, salidroside. About 150 research papers and reviews were consulted. Results: FLL is assumed to exhibit anti-osteoporotic effects by improving liver and kidney deficiencies and reducing lower back soreness in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). The data from animal and cell experiments demonstrate that FLL is able to improve bone metabolism and bone quality in ovariectomized, growing, aged and diabetic rats through the regulation of PTH/FGF-23/1,25-(OH)2D3/CaSR, Nox4/ROS/NF-κB, and OPG/RANKL/cathepsin K signaling pathways. More than 100 individual compounds have been isolated from this plant. Oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, salidroside, and nuzhenide have been reported to exhibit the anti-osteoporosis effect. The pharmacokinetics data reveals that salidroside is one of the active constituents, and that tyrosol is hard to detect under physiological conditions. Acute and subacute toxicity studies show that FLL is well tolerated and presents no safety concerns. Conclusions: FLL provides a new option for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, which attracts rising interests in identifying potential anti-osteoporotic compounds and fractions from this plant. Further scientific evidences are expected from well-designed clinical trials on its bone protective effects and safety.

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Dietary and pharmacological compounds altering intestinal calcium absorption in humans and animals

Cited by 55 publications

References 225 publications

Oxidative stress, antioxidants and intestinal calcium absorption

Oxidative stress, antioxidants and intestinal calcium absorption

Child Nutrition and Bone Health

Fructus Ligustri Lucidi in Osteoporosis: A Review of its Pharmacology, Phytochemistry, Pharmacokinetics and Safety

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