Dietary and hormonal evaluation of men at different risks for prostate cancer: plasma and fecal hormone-nutrient interrelationships

Pusateri, Donald J.; Roth, Walton T.; Ross, Jane; Shultz, Terry D.

doi:10.1093/ajcn/51.3.371

Cited by 44 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Chan et al (1998) found that men who subsequently developed prostate cancer had 8% higher serum IGF-I concentrations than men who remained healthy, suggesting that the 9% difference we observed is large enough to significantly alter prostate cancer risk. SHBG was significantly higher in the vegans than in the meateaters, leading to a corresponding increase in T in order to maintain constant levels of FT, a pattern which has been found in previous smaller observational studies (Key et al, 1990;Pusateri et al, 1990). The differences in SHBG concentrations between dietary groups were reduced but not eliminated by adjusting for differences in BMI, suggesting that nutritional factors specific to a vegan diet may be important determinants of circulating SHBG levels, over and above their effect on BMI.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…The nutritional determinants of circulating hormone levels in men are poorly understood; some previous studies suggested that a vegetarian diet, low in saturated fat and high in dietary fibre, might reduce androgen levels, but the results have been inconsistent and based on small numbers (Deslypere and Vermeluen, 1984;Howie and Shultz, 1985;Bélanger et al, 1989;Key et al, 1990;Pusateri et al, 1990). We are not aware of any previous data on IGF-I concentrations in vegetarian and vegan men.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Hormones and diet: low insulin-like growth factor-I but normal bioavailable androgens in vegan men

Allen¹,

Appleby²,

Davey³

et al. 2000

Br J Cancer

104

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Summary Mean serum insulin-like growth factor-I was 9% lower in 233 vegan men than in 226 meat-eaters and 237 vegetarians (P = 0.002). Vegans had higher testosterone levels than vegetarians and meat-eaters, but this was offset by higher sex hormone binding globulin, and there were no differences between diet groups in free testosterone, androstanediol glucuronide or luteinizing hormone. (2000) 83(1), 95-97 © 2000 Cancer Research Campaign doi: 10.1054/ bjoc.2000.1152, available online at http://www.idealibrary.com on lower weight and body mass index (BMI) than meat-eaters. Examination of nutrient intakes showed that vegetarians and vegans had lower intakes of energy, protein, total fat, saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, and alcohol (each as percent energy) and lower intakes of dietary cholesterol compared to meat-eaters. Conversely, vegans had higher intakes of polyunsaturated fatty acids (% energy), polyunsaturated:saturated fatty acid ratio and non-starch polysaccharides than meat.All mean hormone concentrations are adjusted for age, smoking status, vigorous exercise, time of day of venipuncture, time since last eaten at venipuncture and time between venipuncture and blood processing. Mean hormone concentrations are presented with and without adjustment for BMI (Table 2). Vegan men had on average 9% lower IGF-I levels than meat-eaters (P < 0.01) and 8% lower levels than vegetarians (P < 0.01); adjustment for BMI made little difference to these values. Prior to adjustment for BMI, SHBG levels in vegans were 16% higher than in meat-eaters (P < 0.0001), and 12% higher than in vegetarians (P = 0.0008); adjustment for BMI reduced these differences to 6% (P = 0.02) and 10% (P = 0.004), respectively. Vegans had 13% higher T concentration than meat-eaters (P = 0.0001) and 8% higher than vegetarians (P = 0.001); adjustment for BMI reduced these differences to 6% (P = 0.07) and 7% (P = 0.02), respectively. Since an increase in SHBG generally causes an increase in total T, we examined differences in mean T concentration after additionally adjusting for SHBG. This adjustment substantially reduced the difference in T between 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, 70+), smoking status (never, past, < 10 cigarettes/day, 10+ cigarettes/day), vigorous exercise (< 2, 2-4 5+ hours/week), time of day of venipuncture (< 10, 10-13.29, 13.30+ hours), time since last meal at venipuncture (< 1.5, 1.5-3, 3+ hours) and time between blood draw and processing (1, 2, 3, 4+ days). a Insufficient serum led to IGF-I measurement being unavailable in 1 subject, SHBG in 9 subjects, T in 20 subjects, FT in 25 subjects, A-diol-g in 5 subjects, LH in 20 subjects and total cholesterol in 8 subjects. b P value is test of heterogeneity.the three diet groups (adjusted means were 20.3, 20.5 and 21.2 nmol/l in meat-eaters, vegetarians and vegans respectively, test for heterogeneity; P = 0.312). There were no significant differences in calculated FT, A-diol-g or LH between dietary groups. There were substantial differences in plasma total choles...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormones and diet: low insulin-like growth factor-I but normal bioavailable androgens in vegan men

Allen¹,

Appleby²,

Davey³

et al. 2000

Br J Cancer

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Furthermore, the differences in diet of both populations could potentially have affected the fGCM concentration levels measured in this study. Differences in diet patterns have been shown to affect the composition and abundance of various gut bacteria in wildlife species (Pusateri et al 1990) and could have therefore an effect on the degree of hormone metabolism performed and subsequently an influence on the hormone metabolite concentration excreted (Gorbach and Goldin 1987;Morrow et al 2002). Although there are contradicting findings on the effect of diet on hormone metabolism and excretion (Dantzer et al 2011;Goymann 2012), the use of anthropogenic food sources could be an important factor when quantifying fGCM excretion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The hustle and bustle of city life: monitoring the effects of urbanisation in the African lesser bushbaby

Scheun

Bennett

Ganswindt

et al. 2015

Sci Nat

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Urbanisation has become a severe threat to pristine natural areas, causing habitat loss and affecting indigenous animals. Species occurring within an urban fragmented landscape must cope with changes in vegetation type as well as high degrees of anthropogenic disturbance, both of which are possible key mechanisms contributing to behavioural changes and perceived stressors. We attempted to elucidate the effects of urbanisation on the African lesser bushbaby, Galago moholi, by (1) recording activity budgets and body condition (body mass index, BMI) of individuals of urban and rural populations and (2) further determining adrenocortical activity in both populations as a measure of stress via faecal glucocorticoid metabolite (fGCM) levels, following successful validation of an appropriate enzyme immunoassay test system (ACTH challenge test). We found that both sexes of the urban population had significantly higher BMIs than their rural counterparts, while urban females had significantly higher fGCM concentrations than rural females. While individuals in the urban population fed mainly on provisioned anthropogenic food sources and spent comparatively more time resting and engaging in aggressive interactions, rural individuals fed almost exclusively on tree exudates and spent more time moving between food sources. Although interactions with humans are likely to be lower in 2 nocturnal than in diurnal species, our findings show that the impact of urbanisation on nocturnal species is still considerable, affecting a range of ecological and physiological aspects.

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“…Several studies have evaluated the relationships between diet and serum androgens and estrogens in men (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17), but none of the studies have assessed the association of the hormones with dietary soy. Here we present a study of the cross-sectional relationships of soy product intake to serum androgens and estrogens in Japanese men.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inverse Association of Soy Product Intake With Serum Androgen and Estrogen Concentrations in Japanese Men

Nagata¹,

Inaba²,

Kawakami³

et al. 2000

Nutrition and Cancer

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The cross-sectional relationships of soy product intake and serum testosterone, estrone, estradiol, sex hormone-binding globulin, and dihydrotestosterone were examined in 69 Japanese men. Soy product intake was estimated from a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Serum estradiol concentration was significantly inversely correlated with soy product intake (r = -0.32, p = 0.009), and serum estrone concentration was nonsignificantly inversely correlated with soy product intake (r = -0.24, p = 0.05) after controlling for age, body mass index, smoking status, and ethanol intake. Total and free testosterone concentrations were inversely correlated with soy product intake after controlling for the covariates, but these correlations were of border line significance (r = -0.25, p = 0.05 and r = -0.25, p = 0.06, respectively). Similar correlations were observed for these hormones with isoflavone intake from soy products. The data suggest that soy product intake may be associated with the endogenous hormone levels in Japanese men.

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Dietary and hormonal evaluation of men at different risks for prostate cancer: plasma and fecal hormone-nutrient interrelationships

Cited by 44 publications

References 37 publications

Hormones and diet: low insulin-like growth factor-I but normal bioavailable androgens in vegan men

Hormones and diet: low insulin-like growth factor-I but normal bioavailable androgens in vegan men

The hustle and bustle of city life: monitoring the effects of urbanisation in the African lesser bushbaby

Inverse Association of Soy Product Intake With Serum Androgen and Estrogen Concentrations in Japanese Men

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