Dietary Aloe vera improves plasma lipid profile, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective enzyme activities in GIFT-tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) after Streptococcus iniae challenge

Abstract

The current study investigated the effects of dietary Aloe vera on plasma lipid profile status, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective enzyme activities of GIFT-tilapia juveniles under Streptococcus iniae challenge. Five dietary groups were designed including a control and 100 % Aloe powder incorporated into a tilapia feed at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 %/kg feed, which were administered for 8 weeks. Fish fed dietary Aloe at 4 %/kg feed significantly reduced in total cholesterol, while triacylglycerol reduced (P < 0.05) in those fed 0.5, 2, and 4 % Aloe/kg feed compared to unsupplemented ones. High-density lipoprotein was significantly elevated in fish fed 0.5 and 1 % Aloe/kg feed compared to unsupplemented ones, and no significant changes (P > 0.05) were noted in low-density lipoprotein among test groups. Furthermore, high activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxide in liver tissues were observed in Aloe-supplemented fish compared to unsupplemented ones, before and after S. iniae challenge (7.7 × 10(6) CFU cells/mL). Variations were also noted in malondialdehyde activity throughout the trial, but no significant difference (P > 0.05) was observed between groups. Meanwhile, Aloe-supplemented fish reduced serum aspartate and alanine aminotransferase (AST and ALT) activities before and after challenge. Based on the second-order polynomial regression analysis, dietary Aloe inclusion levels less than or equal to 1.88, 1.86, and 2.79 %/kg feed were determined to be suitable in improving plasma lipid profile status, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective enzyme activities in GIFT-tilapia in this study, respectively. Thus, A. vera extracts may be recommended as a tilapia feed supplement to enhance fish antioxidant and hepatoprotective capacities, especially during disease outbreaks.

Effect of dietary Aloe vera polysaccharides supplementation on growth performance, feed utilization, hemato-biochemical parameters, and survival at low pH in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fingerlings

“…Furthermore, the present study also observed lower TG and TCHO levels in A. vera-supplemented fish when compared to those fed a control diet (but not significant). The same was reported in our previous study (Gabriel et al 2015b). This signifies antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties of A. vera, which have been reported to promote lipid metabolism, efficient protein accumulation, and better growth in animals (Ji et al 2007).…”

“…Enzyme activities, such as for AST and ALT, aid in the diagnosis of liver disease (Zodape 2010). 100% A. vera crude powder was reported to protect GIFT O. niloticus juveniles from liver damage against Streptococcus iniae pathogenic bacterium, and the optimum dosage was estimated to be less than or equal to 2.79%/kg diet (Gabriel et al 2015b). In the same line, the present study observed that ALT and AST levels were lower in A. vera-supplemented fish compared to unsupplemented ones, especially in those fed between 0.5 and 1.0%/kg diet.…”

Sex‐Reversal Effect of Dietary Aloe vera (Liliaceae) on Genetically Improved Farmed Nile Tilapia Fry

“…Experimental diets and experimental design.-Five isonitrogenous (31.7% crude protein), iso-energetic (672 kJ -1 ), and isolipid (7.34%) experimental diets were formulated to contain 0% (control), 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0%, and 4.0% A. vera powder crude extract per kilogram of feed via the methods described by Gabriel et al (2015aGabriel et al ( , 2015b; Table 1). All feedstuffs for each diet were powdered and were mixed mechanically in a food mixer for about 40 min.…”

Effect of polychlorinated biphenyls on oxidation stress in the liver of juvenile GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus

“…The actual total concentrations of PCBs to which groups were exposed in seawater were 0.45 ± 0.05, 4.62 ± 0.38 mg/L for the 0.5 and 5.0 mg/L groups, respectively. We chose the high concentration based on strong resistance to challenge exposures in a previous study (Gabriel et al, 2015).…”