Dieta de murciélagos filostómidos del valle de Kosñipata, San Pedro, Cusco - Perú

Abstract

ResumenEn el presente estudio se evaluó la dieta de murciélagos filostómidos de los bosques montanos del valle de Kosñipata (San Pedro, Cusco). Las especies evaluadas pertenecieron a los géneros Carollia, Sturnira y Anoura. Se analizó la dieta en base a la presencia de polen y semillas en muestras fecales. Se realizó un análisis de la importancia de las plantas consumidas, la amplitud del nicho alimenticio y el nivel de superposición del nicho alimenticio. Los resultados mostraron que la dieta de los murciélagos está compuesta en su mayoría por frutos y néctar-polen de las plantas. Los principales recursos registrados pertenecieron a los géneros Piper (registrado en 23,08% de las muestras), Cecropia (en 21,15%) y Abutilon (en 13,46%), los cuales fueron los recursos más importantes para la comunidad de murciélagos evaluada. La amplitud de nicho alimenticio para las 6 especies analizadas indicó que son especialistas en su dieta en el área de estudio. Por otro lado, los mayores niveles de superposición de nicho alimenticio ocurre entre las especies C. brevicauda, C. perspicillata y S. erythromos.Palabras clave: Phyllostomidae; murciélago; frugívoro; nectarívoro; dieta. AbstractIn this study had been evaluated the diet of phyllostomids bats of the montane forest of the Kosñipata Valley (San Pedro, Cusco). The species of bats evaluated belong to the genus Carollia, Sturnira and Anoura. The diet was evaluated regarding the presence of pollen and seeds in fecal samples. Also, it was analyzed the importance of the plants consumed, the food niche breath and the food niche overlap. The results showed that the diet of the bats is mostly compounded of fruit and nectar-pollen of the plants. The principal resources registered belong to the genus Piper (registered in 23,08% of the samples), Cecropia (in 21,15%) and Abutilon (in 13,46%), which was the most important resources for the community of bats evaluated. The food niche breath of the six species analyzed showed that they are specialist in their diet in the study zone. The highest level of food niche overlap occurs between the species C. brevicauda, C. perspicillata and S. erythromos.

First Detection of Toxoplasma gondii DNA in a Wild Bat from Colombia

“…The warm and humid environments, like the one from the natural reserve in which we captured the positive bat individual, are more suitable for survival of T. gondii oocysts [24]. Across Carollia brevicauda geographic distribution (from Panama to Southern Bolivia and Brasil), the species presents a wide array of plant items in its diet, which significantly overlaps those found in some congeneric species [29], as well as in other phyllostomid bat species such as Sturnira erythromos and S. ludovici [26]. The overlap in diets and the possibility of food items as a source of infection likely exposed other frugivorous bats to T. gondii acquisition.…”

Assemblage of Nectarivorous Birds and Their Floral Resources in an Elfin Forest of the Central Andes of Peru

“…Even though we did not observe bats visiting flowers, it is probable that nectarivorous bats of genus Anoura, observed in the upper montane forest of Yanachaga-Chemillen National Park (90 km southeast) reach the elevation of the elfin forest (Vivar, 2006); and pollinate Macrocarpaea flowers (Renner, 1989b); this tree has populations limiting the elfin forest. There are records in the Kosnipata valley in Cusco (1 600 m. elevation) of Rubus pollen transported by bats (Maguina et al, 2012) and of Passiflora pollen in a montane forest in Ecuador (Muchhala & Jarrin-V, 2002). Insects visited some plants that birds also visit; in the dry season of 2014 a total of 29 % of the flower visitors of Gentianella violacea were insects (O.…”

Dieta y estructura trófica de un ensamblaje de murciélagos en los bosques montanos del Santuario Nacional Pampa Hermosa, Junín, Perú

“…consume principalmente Fabaceae, Bombacaceae y Marcgraviaceae (Sazima et al 1999, Geiselman 2010, Barros et al 2013, y en bosques montanos Anoura spp. consumen principalmente Bromeliaceae, Campanulaceae, Marcgraviaceae, Malvaceae y Flaucortiaceae (Mucchala & Jarrín 2002, Maguiña et al 2012; en este contexto, los nectarívoros mantienen una dieta generalista dentro de las familias en mención.…”