Diet quality and the risk of cardiovascular disease: the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI)

Belin, Rashad J.; Greenland, Philip; Allison, Matthew A.; Martin, Lisa W.; Shikany, James M.; Larson, Joseph C.; Tinker, Lesley F.; Howard, Barbara V.; Lloyd‐Jones, Donald M.; Horn, Linda Van

doi:10.3945/ajcn.110.011221

Cited by 117 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In Nordic countries, local recommendations and adherence to them might have a beneficial effect on abdominal obesity (28) and health (29)(30)(31) . In cross-sectional studies, the Healthy Eating Index (HEI), AHEI and the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet have been related with a lower risk of abdominal adiposity (32)(33)(34) and with a lower risk of CVD and heart failure (5,6,(35)(36)(37) . Also longitudinal studies have shown that dietary scores are related to lower incidence of overweight and obesity and weight reduction in adults (38,39) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A diet following Finnish nutrition recommendations does not contribute to the current epidemic of obesity

Kanerva¹,

Kaartinen²,

Ovaskainen³

et al. 2012

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: Recently, the general public opinion is that nutritional recommendations promote obesity rather than prevent it. We created the Recommended Finnish Diet Score (RFDS) that illustrates the Finnish nutrition recommendations and assessed whether this score is associated with BMI, waist circumference (WC) and body fat percentage (BF%). Design: Cross-sectional study included two phases of the National FINRISK 2007 Study. Diet was assessed using a validated FFQ. Height, weight, WC and BF% were measured, and BMI values were calculated. The RFDS was developed based on the national nutrition recommendations. Conclusions: A diet following nutrition recommendations is likely to help to maintain normal WC and BF%. These findings could be useful for dietary counselling and the prevention of obesity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A diet following Finnish nutrition recommendations does not contribute to the current epidemic of obesity

Kanerva¹,

Kaartinen²,

Ovaskainen³

et al. 2012

Public Health Nutr.

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“…Despite an already elevated risk of type 2 diabetes in this group, it is plausible that poor diet quality, as found in this study, may further increase their risk for long-term chronic disease risk including both type 2 diabetes 14,32,33 and cardiovascular disease. 34 This highlights a need to target specific dietary changes for women with previous GDM to prevent subsequent chronic disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postpartum diet quality in Australian women following a gestational diabetes pregnancy

et al. 2012

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BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:To describe the diet quality of a national sample of Australian women with a recent history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and determine factors associated with adherence to national dietary recommendations. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A postpartum lifestyle survey with 1499 Australian women diagnosed with GDM p3 years previously. Diet quality was measured using the Australian recommended food score (ARFS) and weighted by demographic and diabetes management characteristics. Multinominal logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between diet quality and demographic characteristics, health seeking behaviours and diabetes-related risk factors. RESULTS: Mean (±s.d.) ARFS was 30.9±8.1 from a possible maximum score of 74. Subscale component scores demonstrated that the nuts/legumes, grains and fruits were the most poorly scored. Factors associated with being in the highest compared with the lowest ARFS quintile included age (odds ratio (OR) 5-year increase ¼ 1.40; 95% (confidence interval) CI:1.16-1.68), tertiary education (OR ¼ 2.19; 95% CI:1.52-3.17), speaking only English (OR ¼ 1.92; 95% CI:1.19-3.08), being sufficiently physically active (OR ¼ 2.11; 95% CI:1.46-3.05), returning for postpartum blood glucose testing (OR ¼ 1.75; 95% CI:1.23-2.50) and receiving risk reduction advice from a health professional (OR ¼ 1.80; 95% CI:1.24-2.60). CONCLUSIONS: Despite an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, women in this study had an overall poor diet quality as measured by the ARFS. Women with GDM should be targeted for interventions aimed at achieving a postpartum diet consistent with the guidelines for chronic disease prevention. Encouraging women to return for follow-up and providing risk reduction advice may be positive initial steps to improve diet quality, but additional strategies need to be identified.

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“…Overall diet can be assessed by using composite evidence-based scores that comprise multiple nutrients and food groups, such as the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI). There is strong evidence of associations between higher AHEI (which reflects better diet quality, based on current evidence) and lower risk of diabetes, CVD, and MetS (11)(12)(13)(14)(15). Some of these studies reported stronger associations with chronic disease risk with the AHEI than with other diet quality scores (12,13,15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Diet Quality and Its Association with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Vary by Hispanic and Latino Ethnic Background in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos

Mattei

Sotres-Álvarez

Daviglus

et al. 2016

The Journal of Nutrition

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Diet quality and the risk of cardiovascular disease: the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI)

Abstract: Overall, adherence to current nutrient guidelines (as indexed by the DMI) are associated with lower total CVD risk, and additional dietary factors (as indexed by the AHEI) were associated with a lower risk of CVD and HF.

Cited by 117 publications

References 24 publications

A diet following Finnish nutrition recommendations does not contribute to the current epidemic of obesity

A diet following Finnish nutrition recommendations does not contribute to the current epidemic of obesity

Postpartum diet quality in Australian women following a gestational diabetes pregnancy

Diet Quality and Its Association with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Vary by Hispanic and Latino Ethnic Background in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos

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