Diet Quality and Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection or COVID-19: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies

Sharma, Sukshma; Di Castelnuovo, Augusto; Cerletti, Chiara; Donati, Maria Benedetta; de Gaetano, Giovanni; Iacoviello, Licia; Bonaccio, Marialaura

doi:10.1016/j.advnut.2023.09.006

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…These nutrients contain dietary fiber, unsaturated fats, PUFAs, vitamins, minerals, and diverse beneficial phytochemical compounds like polyphenols, triterpenoids and flavonoids. Notably, an inverse relationship between MD adherence and the risk of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and metabolic disorders has been supported by various previous meta-analyses [53,54,81,82]. Moreover, MD can decrease the risk of sepsis and respiratory infections, and inflammation, as implied by a decrease in CRP and proinflammatory cytokines.…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 and Dietary Patternsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The MD is a plant-based diet, including a high intake of fruits, vegetables, cereals, legumes, tree nuts, seeds, and olives. Olive oil is the major source of added fat and is consumed along with an increased moderate intake of fish and seafood (approximately two servings weekly), moderate per week consumption of eggs, poultry, and dairy products (two servings weekly), a low intake of red meat (approximately a maximum of two servings weekly), and processed meat (approximately one serving weekly) [53,54,81,82].…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 and Dietary Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The MD has been considered as a sufficient approach for fighting SARS-CoV-2 infection and minimizing severity-associated concerns like obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. To the best of our knowledge, no study has thus far explicitly investigated the relationship of MD compliance with the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 pathology [53,54,81,82]. Healthcare professionals (HCPs) are mostly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection because of the nature of their job.…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 and Dietary Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Medical staff were the focus of 126,394 cases, or 3.8% of all infections in Italy. Notably, 10% of HCPs are expected to be diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection [53,54,81,82].…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 and Dietary Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 carriers had lower intakes of saturated fat and were much younger than symptomatic carriers. The limited number of HCPs who were admitted to the hospital were notably older, had noticeably worse food habits, and had a lower health status compared to asymptomatic and symptomatic patients [53,54,81,82]. The significant variables were then included in a logistic regression model through a stepwise backward selection approach.…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 and Dietary Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Evidence on the Potential Beneficial Effects of Diet and Dietary Supplements against COVID-19 Infection Risk and Symptoms’ Severity

Pavlidou,

Poulios,

Papadopoulou

et al. 2024

Medical Sciences

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Background: Diet and dietary supplements aim to add trace elements, vitamins, and minerals to the body to improve human health and boost the immune system. In the previous few years, the new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus strain has been threatening the health of individuals and public health more broadly, with rates of intensive care unit cases on the rise, while long-term COVID-19 complications are persisting until today. In the peculiar circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic, in combination with disease prevention techniques, the strengthening of the immune system is considered particularly important to enable it to effectively respond to and eliminate the SARS-CoV-2 viral pathogen in the event of infection. The purpose of the current literature review is to thoroughly summarize and critically analyze the current clinical data concerning the potential beneficial effects of diet and dietary supplements against COVID-19 infection risk and symptoms’ severity. The micronutrients/supplements examined in this study in relation to COVID-19 infection are vitamins A, B, C, and D, zinc, selenium, magnesium, iron, omega-3 fatty acids, glutamine, resveratrol, beta-glucans, and probiotics. The potential effects of dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean diet against SARS-CoV-2 infection risk and symptoms’ severity were also analyzed. Our literature review suggests that micro- and macronutrient supplementation and a healthy diet and lifestyle may provide support to immune system function, with beneficial effects both before and during SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, additional studies are recommended to draw safe conclusions and formulate dietary recommendations concerning dietary supplements and their possible effects on preventing and co-treating COVID-19 disease.

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Section: Sars-cov-2 and Dietary Patternsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Sars-cov-2 and Dietary Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sars-cov-2 and Dietary Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Medical staff were the focus of 126,394 cases, or 3.8% of all infections in Italy. Notably, 10% of HCPs are expected to be diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection [53,54,81,82].…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 and Dietary Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sars-cov-2 and Dietary Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Clinical Evidence on the Potential Beneficial Effects of Diet and Dietary Supplements against COVID-19 Infection Risk and Symptoms’ Severity

Pavlidou,

Poulios,

Papadopoulou

et al. 2024

Medical Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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A Longitudinal Investigation of the Prevalence and Incidence of Self-Reported COVID-19 Disease and the Pandemic’s Impact Among Seventh-day Adventist and Non-Adventists Living in the UK

Janko,

Haussmann,

Patel

2024

J Relig Health

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This research investigated the prevalence and incidence of COVID-19 infection among Seventh-day Adventist Christians in the UK compared to non-Adventists and assessed the pandemic’s impact on their health and dietary intake. Seventh-day Adventists and non-Adventists in the UK completed an online survey, including a Food Frequency Questionnaire, a 24-h dietary recall, and health and lifestyle questions. Participants were followed for 2 years to determine COVID-19 incidence rates. The baseline survey was completed by 170 people, 86 of whom were Adventists. The follow-up at 2 years showed a significantly lower self-reported COVID-19 incidence among Adventists (OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.2, 1.0, p = 0.05). The incidence rate among Adventists was 65.48 per 1000 person-years versus 121.79 per 1000 person-years among non-Adventists. Adventists were less likely to experience long COVID (OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.12, 0.78, p = 0.01). Despite being older, Adventists had a significantly lower COVID-19 incidence rate. The Adventist lifestyle, including healthy eating habits, fasting, a plant-based diet, and abstaining from alcohol and coffee, was prevalent in this sample. More research is needed to explore the association between the Adventist lifestyle and infectious disease.

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Did COVID-19 influence fruit and vegetable consumption? Explaining and comparing pandemic peak and post-peak periods

Chinyanga,

Britwum,

Gustafson

et al. 2024

Appetite

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Diet Quality and Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection or COVID-19: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies

Cited by 5 publications

References 64 publications

Clinical Evidence on the Potential Beneficial Effects of Diet and Dietary Supplements against COVID-19 Infection Risk and Symptoms’ Severity

Clinical Evidence on the Potential Beneficial Effects of Diet and Dietary Supplements against COVID-19 Infection Risk and Symptoms’ Severity

A Longitudinal Investigation of the Prevalence and Incidence of Self-Reported COVID-19 Disease and the Pandemic’s Impact Among Seventh-day Adventist and Non-Adventists Living in the UK

Did COVID-19 influence fruit and vegetable consumption? Explaining and comparing pandemic peak and post-peak periods

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