Diet quality and osteosarcopenic obesity in community-dwelling adults 50 years and older

Kim, Jinhee; Lee, Yunhwan; Kye, Seunghee; Chung, Yoon‐Sok; Kim, Jae Hyun; Chon, Doukyoung; Lee, Jun Young

doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.08.007

Cited by 32 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…For calculating DDS, those with incomplete 24-hour recall questionnaires and/or over or under-reporting of energy (below 500 and above 3500 kcal in women, below 800 and over 4000 kcal in men) [21] were excluded from the study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Security and Its Association with Socioeconomic Status and Diet Diversity in Free Living Elderly in Tehran, Iran

Pourebrahim¹,

Omidvar²,

Rezazadeh³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Backgrounds: Food security is one of the most important factors affecting food access and diet diversity. Older age is a period when adequate and diverse dietary intake is a challenge and there is a high risk for malnutrition. This study aimed to investigate the association between food security, dietary diversity and socioeconomic factors among the free-living elderly in the city of Tehran. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 583 elderlies (279 men and 304 women) aged 60–80 years were selected through clustered systematic multi-stage sampling method from 10 districts of Tehran city. Food security status of the subjects was determined using locally validated version of the United States Household Food Security Survey Module )US-HFSSM( questionnaire. Socio-economic status was assessed by a questionnaire. Dietary intake of the subjects was evaluated using two 24-hour recalls (one weekday and one week-end) through face-to-face interviews. Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) was calculated using the FAO 2010 guideline. Multinomial logistic regression was applied for the analysis. Results The average age of participants was 67.87 ± 5.86 years. Based on US-HFSSM, 56.9% of the elderly were food secure; while 25.7%, 14.2% and 3.2% suffered from food insecurity (FI) without hunger, with moderate hunger, and with severe hunger, respectively. There was no association between FI and DDS, even after controlling for confounders. Multinomial logistic regression models suggested that after adjusting for age and gender, being illiterate increased the possibility of different levels of food insecurity [(OR = 3.107, 95% CI = 1.672–5.775), (OR = 2.736, 95% CI = 1.261–5.935) and (OR = 6.193, 95% CI = 1.368–28.039)], respectively. Also, FI with mild hunger was associated with total household income (OR = 2.744, 95% CI = 1.100-6.846), while FI with severe hunger was significantly associated with Fars ethnicity (OR = 0.146, 95% CI = 0.051–0.424). Conclusions Overall, socio-economic status and demographic characteristics were the predictors of FI among the elderly, while DDS was not associated with FI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Security and Its Association with Socioeconomic Status and Diet Diversity in Free Living Elderly in Tehran, Iran

Pourebrahim¹,

Omidvar²,

Rezazadeh³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…While the total micronutrient intakes are sufficient in the US population, it may be their ratios that are out of balance and ultimately contribute to syndromes such as osteosarcopenic obesity [ 36 ]. A recent analysis of the Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (2008–2010) showed that women with a better diet quality were less likely to have osteosarcopenic obesity [ 46 ]. Although this was not found in males there may be subtle differences in dietary patterns between males and females which may be detected using nutrient ratios.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilizing Dietary Micronutrient Ratios in Nutritional Research May be More Informative than Focusing on Single Nutrients

2018

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The 2015 US dietary guidelines advise the importance of good dietary patterns for health, which includes all nutrients. Micronutrients are rarely, if ever, consumed separately, they are not tissue specific in their actions and at the molecular level they are multitaskers. Metabolism functions within a seemingly random cellular milieu however ratios are important, for example, the ratio of adenosine triphosphate to adenosine monophosphate, or oxidized to reduced glutathione. Health status is determined by simple ratios, such as the waist hip ratio, or ratio of fat mass to lean mass. Some nutrient ratios exist and remain controversial such as the omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid ratio and the sodium/potassium ratio. Therefore, examining ratios of micronutrients may convey more information about how diet and health outcomes are related. Summarized micronutrient intake data, from food only, from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, were used to generate initial ratios. Overall, in this preliminary analysis dietary ratios of micronutrients showed some differences between intakes and recommendations. Principles outlined here could be used in nutritional epidemiology and in basic nutritional research, rather than focusing on individual nutrient intakes. This paper presents the concept of micronutrient ratios to encourage change in the way nutrients are regarded.

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“…Diet quality and dietary protein intake are vital for maintaining body composition and muscle mass, as well as improving physical performance [1]. Malnutrition in dietary protein intake is a major cause of reduced muscle mass, strength, and function in older adults [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Calorie-Restricted DASH Diet Reduces Body Fat and Maintains Muscle Strength in Obese Older Adults

et al. 2019

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This study examined the effect of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet containing lean red meat on measures of body composition and muscle strength in a cohort of obese adults 65 and older; 36 males (n = 15) and females (n = 21) consumed 1800 kcal/day for 12 weeks under controlled feeding conditions. The study diet included daily intakes of 126 g of meat. Measures of body composition and muscle strength were obtained at weeks 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12. Breakfast, lunch, and dinner were provided every day for 12 weeks, and equal portions of meat were distributed at each meal. Significant effects of the study diet were detected across time for total body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference, body fat percentage, absolute fat mass (AFM), and blood pressure such that a decrease (p < 0.001) was observed over 12 weeks. Significant effects of the study diet were detected across time for sit/stand (p < 0.001) such that an increase was observed. From baseline to study end, total body weight decreased by 6.3% (p < 0.001), body fat percentage decreased by 2.5% (p < 0.001), and absolute fat mass (AFM) decreased by 4.4 kg (p < 0.001). By the study end, skeletal muscle mass (SMM) was positively correlated with handgrip strength (R2 = 0.75; p = 0.001) and resting energy expenditure (REE) (R2 = 0.29; p = 0.001). Handgrip strength, gait, balance, and resting energy expenditure (REE) were well maintained (p > 0.05) throughout the study. These findings suggest that the DASH diet has the potential to be a tool to preserve muscle strength while reducing fat mass in obese older adults.

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Diet quality and osteosarcopenic obesity in community-dwelling adults 50 years and older

Cited by 32 publications

References 27 publications

Food Security and Its Association with Socioeconomic Status and Diet Diversity in Free Living Elderly in Tehran, Iran

Food Security and Its Association with Socioeconomic Status and Diet Diversity in Free Living Elderly in Tehran, Iran

Utilizing Dietary Micronutrient Ratios in Nutritional Research May be More Informative than Focusing on Single Nutrients

A Calorie-Restricted DASH Diet Reduces Body Fat and Maintains Muscle Strength in Obese Older Adults

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