Diet of Andean bears in Tamá National Natural Park, Colombia

Cáceres-Martínez, Carlos H.; Montaño, Luis Roberto Sánchez; Acevedo, A; González‐Maya, José F.

doi:10.2192/ursus-d-18-00006.1

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Por la relación del valor cultural del fruto con su ecosistema, la comunidad en general manifiesta su preocupación porque muchas veces la recolección y comercialización de mortiño no es realizada por los habitantes de la zona, sino que son personas extrañas al territorio quienes lo hacen, estas acciones generan desconfianza en la comunidad, puesto que quienes realizan la cosecha no cuidan del ecosistema cuando ingresan, así como tampoco consideran el valor cultural del fruto, ni lo que representa en el contexto de vida de las familias cercanas a los territorios de producción (Cáceres-Martínez et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Conocimiento etnobotánico, distribución potencial y geográfica del mortiño (Vaccinium floribundum Kunth) en el páramo altoandino, Colombia

Oliva Burbano,

Luna-Cabrera,

Delgado-Vargas

et al. 2024

Agron. Mesoam.

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Introducción. El mortiño (Vaccinium floribundum Kunth) enfrenta una erosión genética significativa debido a la presión antrópica en los páramos, lo que ha llevado a la pérdida gradual del conocimiento tradicional del mortiño. En Colombia, la falta de registros específicos ha dificultado la identificación de las especies asociadas, así como la comprensión de la distribución y las condiciones de vida de esta planta en el territorio. Objetivo. Construir un modelo de distribución geográfica y potencial del mortiño, además de cuantificar la diversidad vegetal y analizar las especies asociadas, junto con los usos e importancia de la especie en su contexto de vida. Materiales y métodos. Se implementó una metodología de investigación acción participativa, con encuestas, entrevistas, recorridos de campo con la comunidad y talleres participativos. Para desarrollar los mapas de distribución, se emplearon los programas ArcGIS 10.5 y MaxEnt 3.4.4. Los índices de diversidad biológica, como Shannon-Weiner y Simpson, junto con el valor de importancia, se determinaron para evaluar la riqueza de especies. El estudio se llevó a cabo en el corregimiento El Encano, Nariño-Colombia, durante el año 2021. Resultados. La comunidad resaltó el uso del mortiño en alimentación y medicina tradicional. Se identificaron 21 especies asociadas, siendo el helecho (Blechnum loxense (Kunth)) la más importante. La distribución de V. floribundum se atribuye a condiciones climáticas favorables, con temperaturas entre 8 y 16 °C y un gradiente altitudinal de 2800 a 3200 m s. n. m. Conclusiones. El estudio reveló dos ecosistemas propicios para el mortiño: el bosque altoandino y el páramo. El índice de valor de importancia destaca al helecho como la especie más representativa asociada al mortiño, información valiosa para la conservación y manejo sostenible de estos ecosistemas en la región.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Conocimiento etnobotánico, distribución potencial y geográfica del mortiño (Vaccinium floribundum Kunth) en el páramo altoandino, Colombia

Oliva Burbano,

Luna-Cabrera,

Delgado-Vargas

et al. 2024

Agron. Mesoam.

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“…Puya′s adaptability is particularly evident when considering their dominance in high‐elevation ecosystems and rocky outcrops. Finally, Puya also plays a significant ecological role as food source for the vulnerable Andean spectacled bear (Suarez, 1988; Cáceres‐Martínez et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenomics of Puya (Bromeliaceae): Evolution in the Andean slopes and sky island ecosystems

Aguirre‐Santoro,

Zuluaga,

Stonesmyth

et al. 2024

J of Sytematics Evolution

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Phylogenomics enhances our understanding of plant radiations in the biodiverse Andes. Our study focuses on Puya, primarily Andean and a part of the Bromeliaceae family. Using a phylogenomic framework based on the Angiosperms353 probe set for 80 species, we explored Puya′s phenotypic evolution and biogeography. Divergence time analyses and ancestral area estimations suggested that Puya originated in Central Coastal Chile around 9 million years ago (Ma). Subsequently, it dispersed to the dry valleys of the Central Andes and Puna regions between 5–8 Ma, leading to the emergence of major lineages. Key events in the last 2–4 million years include the recolonization of Chilean lowlands and dispersal to the northern Andes via Peru's Jalcas, facilitating passage through the Huancabamba depression. This event gave rise to the high‐elevation Northern Andes clade. Using phylogenetic comparative methods, we tested the hypothesis that adaptation to the Andes' island‐like high‐elevation ecosystems was facilitated by unique leaf and floral traits, life history, and inflorescence morphology. Our findings suggest correlations between inflorescence axis compression, protective bract overlap, and high‐elevation living, potentially preventing reproductive structure freezing. Semelparity evolved exclusively at high elevations, although its precise adaptive value remains uncertain. Our framework offers insights into Andean evolution, highlighting that lineages adapted to life in dry ecosystems can easily transition to high‐elevation biomes. It also underscores how the island‐like nature of high‐elevation ecosystems influences phenotypic evolution rates. Moreover, it opens avenues to explore genetic mechanisms underlying adaptation to extreme mountain conditions.

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“…However, studies that seek movement data are notoriously expensive and even high-quality occurrence data are limited for most species. Andean bears (Tremarctos ornatus)-the only extant ursid in South America-are one such example of a data-poor species (Cáceres-Martínez et al 2020;Falconi et al 2020). This is particularly true within the country of Colombia where many regional environmental authorities have neither the time nor the nancial resources to carry out research on Andean bears yet are responsible for implementing conservation programs for the species within their jurisdictions (Velásquez Durán 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omnidirectional connectivity for the Andean bear (Tremarctos ornatus) across the Colombian Andes

Hohbein

Nibbelink

2021

Landscape Ecol

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Context Conserving or restoring connectivity is a common objective of landscape-scale conservation initiatives. However, precise species occurrence or movement data to inform or validate spatial models are often lacking.Objectives Our objectives were to 1) produce the rst approximation of country-wide connectivity for Andean bears ( Tremarctos ornatus ) in Colombia and 2) demonstrate a novel approach for model validation which uses publicly available web and social media records of a agship species.Methods We used general knowledge about Andean bear habitat associations and indices of ecological integrity to construct a resistance surface across the Colombian Andes. We used this resistance surface to model omnidirectional connectivity using circuit theory. We validated our model with coarse location data acquired from local news stories and social media posts.Results Our model was most sensitive to changes in the resistance values of agricultural landcover and the mid-elevational zone, but uncertainty analysis demonstrated these had little impact on our conclusions regarding the municipalities most conducive to Andean bear movement. Just over one-third of those areas most conducive to Andean bear movement were within protected areas, while 8% coincided with agricultural landcover.Conclusions We constructed a model of connectivity that did not rely on independent, empirically derived location data. Our model is coarse (1 km resolution) but can still provide useful information to practitioners in Colombia who are working with scarce ecological data. More information about how Andean bears move through agricultural landscapes would help improve our understanding of connectivity for this species in Colombia.

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Diet of Andean bears in Tamá National Natural Park, Colombia

Cited by 7 publications

References 31 publications

Conocimiento etnobotánico, distribución potencial y geográfica del mortiño (Vaccinium floribundum Kunth) en el páramo altoandino, Colombia

Conocimiento etnobotánico, distribución potencial y geográfica del mortiño (Vaccinium floribundum Kunth) en el páramo altoandino, Colombia

Phylogenomics of Puya (Bromeliaceae): Evolution in the Andean slopes and sky island ecosystems

Omnidirectional connectivity for the Andean bear (Tremarctos ornatus) across the Colombian Andes

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