Diet, Morphology, and Interspecific Killing in Carnivora

Donadío, Emiliano; Buskirk, Steven W.

doi:10.1086/501033

Cited by 424 publications

(359 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…A key missing link in our understanding of IG predation is the identiWcation of which factors aVect the dynamics of IG predator-prey interactions (Polis et al 1989;Palomares and Caro 1999;Donadio and Buskirk 2006;Gehrt and Prange 2007;Thompson and Gese 2007). Our results, however, suggest that the dynamics of IG predator-prey interactions generally follow the same rules as those for "traditional" predator-prey systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

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Prey-mediated avoidance of an intraguild predator by its intraguild prey

et al. 2010

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Intraguild (IG) predation is an important factor influencing community structure, yet factors allowing coexistence of IG predator and IG prey are not well understood. The existence of spatial refuges for IG prey has recently been noted for their importance in allowing coexistence. However, reduction in basal prey availability might lead IG prey to leave spatial refuges for greater access to prey, leading to increased IG predation and fewer opportunities for coexistence. We determined how the availability of prey affected space-use patterns of bobcats (Lynx rufus, IG prey) in relation to coyote space-use patterns (Canis latrans, IG predators). We located animals from fall 2007 to spring 2009 and estimated bobcat home ranges and core areas seasonally. For each bobcat relocation, we determined intensity of coyote use, distance to water, small mammal biomass, and mean small mammal biomass of the home range during the season the location was collected. We built generalized linear mixed models and used Akaike Information Criteria to determine which factors best predicted bobcat space use. Coyote intensity was a primary determinant of bobcat core area location. In bobcat home ranges with abundant prey, core areas occurred where coyote use was low, but shifted to areas intensively used by coyotes when prey declined. High spatial variability in basal prey abundance allowed some bobcats to avoid coyotes while at the same time others were forced into more risky areas. Our results suggest that multiple behavioral strategies associated with spatial variation in basal prey abundance likely allow IG prey and IG predators to coexist.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Models suggest that IG predation should be rare (Holt and Polis 1997;Mylius et al 2001), yet it is frequently documented in natural systems (Palomares and Caro 1999;Donadio and Buskirk 2006). However, these models fail to account for individual antipredator behavior that could lead to Communicated by Janne Sundell.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prey-mediated avoidance of an intraguild predator by its intraguild prey

et al. 2010

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“…Aggressive encounters are also recorded more frequently among competitors with greater dietary overlap [44,45], and documented cases exist of direct interactions in the form of intraguild predation. Several cases involve smaller varanid species being preyed upon by cats and foxes [46].…”

Section: Niche Overlap Between Varanid Lizards and Eutherian Carnivoresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Could controlling mammalian carnivores lead to mesopredator release of carnivorous reptiles?

Sutherland¹,

Glen²,

Tores³

2010

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Emerging evidence increasingly illustrates the importance of a holistic, rather than taxon-specific, approach to the study of ecological communities. Considerable resources are expended to manage both introduced and native mammalian carnivores to improve conservation outcomes; however, management can result in unforeseen and sometimes catastrophic outcomes. Varanid lizards are likely to be apex-or mesopredators, but being reptiles are rarely considered by managers and researchers when investigating the impacts of mammalian carnivore management. Instances of mesopredator release have been described for Varanus gouldii as a result of fox and cat management in Australia, with cascading effects on faunal community structure. A meta-analysis showing extensive dietary niche overlap between varanids, foxes and cats plus a review of experimental and circumstantial evidence suggests mesopredator release of V. gouldii and about five other medium to large species of varanid lizard is likely in other regions. This highlights the need for managers to adopt a whole-of-community approach when attempting to manage predators for sustained fauna conservation, and that additional research is required to elucidate whether mesopredator release of varanids is a widespread consequence of carnivore management, altering the intended faunal responses.

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“…As many carnivores suffer from intraguild predation (Palomares & Caro 1999;Donaldio & Buskirk 2006), Newman et al (2005) used natural history and semiquantitative data to argue that, in species that are primarily terrestrial and living in open habitat with few available refuges, face masks are aposematic deterring larger carnivores. Many of these mid-sized species are foul smelling and aggressive (e.g.…”

Section: Black and White Mammalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting coloration in terrestrial mammals

Caro

2008

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

139

126

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Here I survey, collate and synthesize contrasting coloration in 5000 species of terrestrial mammals focusing on black and white pelage. After briefly reviewing alternative functional hypotheses for coloration in mammals, I examine nine colour patterns and combinations on different areas of the body and for each mammalian taxon to try to identify the most likely evolutionary drivers of contrasting coloration. Aposematism and perhaps conspecific signalling are the most consistent explanations for black and white pelage in mammals; background matching may explain white pelage. Evidence for contrasting coloration is being involved in crypsis through pattern blending, disruptive coloration or serving other functions, such as signalling dominance, lures, reducing eye glare or in temperature regulation has barely moved beyond anecdotal stages of investigation. Sexual dichromatism is limited in this taxon and its basis is unclear. Astonishingly, the functional significance of pelage coloration in most large charismatic black and white mammals that were new to science 150 years ago still remains a mystery.

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Diet, Morphology, and Interspecific Killing in Carnivora

Cited by 424 publications

References 39 publications

Prey-mediated avoidance of an intraguild predator by its intraguild prey

Prey-mediated avoidance of an intraguild predator by its intraguild prey

Could controlling mammalian carnivores lead to mesopredator release of carnivorous reptiles?

Contrasting coloration in terrestrial mammals

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